Use headings instead of bold text in index.md iluwatar#238

Author: fluxw42

abstract-factory/index.md

@@ -10,24 +10,27 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Kit
+## Also known as
+Kit
 
-**Intent:** Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent
+## Intent
+Provide an interface for creating families of related or dependent
 objects without specifying their concrete classes.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/abstract-factory_1.png "Abstract Factory")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Abstract Factory pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Abstract Factory pattern when
 
 * a system should be independent of how its products are created, composed and represented
 * a system should be configured with one of multiple families of products
 * a family of related product objects is designed to be used together, and you need to enforce this constraint
 * you want to provide a class library of products, and you want to reveal just their interfaces, not their implementations
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/javax/xml/parsers/DocumentBuilderFactory.html)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

adapter/index.md

@@ -10,24 +10,27 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Beginner
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Wrapper
+## Also known as
+Wrapper
 
-**Intent:** Convert the interface of a class into another interface the clients
+## Intent
+Convert the interface of a class into another interface the clients
 expect. Adapter lets classes work together that couldn't otherwise because of
 incompatible interfaces.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/adapter.png "Adapter")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Adapter pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Adapter pattern when
 
 * you want to use an existing class, and its interface does not match the one you need
 * you want to create a reusable class that cooperates with unrelated or unforeseen classes, that is, classes that don't necessarily have compatible interfaces
 * you need to use several existing subclasses, but it's impractical to adapt their interface by subclassing every one. An object adapter can adapt the interface of its parent class.
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [java.util.Arrays#asList()](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/Arrays.html#asList%28T...%29)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

async-method-invocation/index.md

@@ -10,21 +10,23 @@ tags:
  - Functional
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Asynchronous method invocation is pattern where the calling thread
+## Intent
+Asynchronous method invocation is pattern where the calling thread
 is not blocked while waiting results of tasks. The pattern provides parallel
 processing of multiple independent tasks and retrieving the results via
 callbacks or waiting until everything is done. 
 
 ![alt text](./etc/async-method-invocation.png "Async Method Invocation")
 
-**Applicability:** Use async method invocation pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use async method invocation pattern when
 
 * you have multiple independent tasks that can run in parallel
 * you need to improve the performance of a group of sequential tasks
 * you have limited amount of processing capacity or long running tasks and the
   caller should not wait the tasks to be ready
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [FutureTask](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/FutureTask.html), [CompletableFuture](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/CompletableFuture.html) and [ExecutorService](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/ExecutorService.html) (Java)
 * [Task-based Asynchronous Pattern](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/hh873175.aspx) (.NET)

bridge/index.md

@@ -10,22 +10,24 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Handle/Body
+## Also known as
+Handle/Body
 
-**Intent:** Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can
+## Intent
+Decouple an abstraction from its implementation so that the two can
 vary independently.
 
-
 ![alt text](./etc/bridge.png "Bridge")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Bridge pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Bridge pattern when
 
 * you want to avoid a permanent binding between an abstraction and its implementation. This might be the case, for example, when the implementation must be selected or switched at run-time.
 * both the abstractions and their implementations should be extensible by subclassing. In this case, the Bridge pattern lets you combine the different abstractions and implementations and extend them independently
 * changes in the implementation of an abstraction should have no impact on clients; that is, their code should not have to be recompiled.
 * you have a proliferation of classes. Such a class hierarchy indicates the need for splitting an object into two parts. Rumbaugh uses the term "nested generalizations" to refer to such class hierarchies
 * you want to share an implementation among multiple objects (perhaps using reference counting), and this fact should be hidden from the client. A simple example is Coplien's String class, in which multiple objects can share the same string representation.
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

builder/index.md

@@ -10,22 +10,24 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Separate the construction of a complex object from its
+## Intent
+Separate the construction of a complex object from its
 representation so that the same construction process can create different
 representations.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/builder_1.png "Builder")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Builder pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Builder pattern when
 
 * the algorithm for creating a complex object should be independent of the parts that make up the object and how they're assembled
 * the construction process must allow different representations for the object that's constructed
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [java.lang.StringBuilder](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/StringBuilder.html)
 * [Apache Camel builders](https://github.com/apache/camel/tree/0e195428ee04531be27a0b659005e3aa8d159d23/camel-core/src/main/java/org/apache/camel/builder)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

business-delegate/index.md

@@ -9,14 +9,16 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Intent:** The Business Delegate pattern adds an abstraction layer between
+## Intent
+The Business Delegate pattern adds an abstraction layer between
 presentation and business tiers. By using the pattern we gain loose coupling
 between the tiers and encapsulate knowledge about how to locate, connect to,
 and interact with the business objects that make up the application.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/business-delegate.png "Business Delegate")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Business Delegate pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Business Delegate pattern when
 
 * you want loose coupling between presentation and business tiers
 * you want to orchestrate calls to multiple business services

caching/index.md

@@ -10,17 +10,19 @@ tags:
  - Performance
 ---
 
-**Intent:** To avoid expensive re-acquisition of resources by not releasing
+## Intent
+To avoid expensive re-acquisition of resources by not releasing
 the resources immediately after their use. The resources retain their identity, are kept in some
 fast-access storage, and are re-used to avoid having to acquire them again.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/caching.png "Caching")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Caching pattern(s) when
+## Applicability
+Use the Caching pattern(s) when
 
 * Repetitious acquisition, initialization, and release of the same resource causes unnecessary performance overhead.
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Write-through, write-around, write-back: Cache explained](http://www.computerweekly.com/feature/Write-through-write-around-write-back-Cache-explained)
 * [Read-Through, Write-Through, Write-Behind, and Refresh-Ahead Caching](https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E15357_01/coh.360/e15723/cache_rtwtwbra.htm#COHDG5177)

callback/index.md

@@ -11,16 +11,18 @@ tags:
  - Idiom
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Callback is a piece of executable code that is passed as an
+## Intent
+Callback is a piece of executable code that is passed as an
 argument to other code, which is expected to call back (execute) the argument
 at some convenient time.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/callback.png "Callback")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Callback pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Callback pattern when
 
 * when some arbitrary synchronous or asynchronous action must be performed after execution of some defined activity.
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [CyclicBarrier] (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/concurrent/CyclicBarrier.html#CyclicBarrier%28int,%20java.lang.Runnable%29) constructor can accept callback that will be triggered every time when barrier is tripped.

chain/index.md

@@ -10,23 +10,25 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Avoid coupling the sender of a request to its receiver by giving
+## Intent
+Avoid coupling the sender of a request to its receiver by giving
 more than one object a chance to handle the request. Chain the receiving
 objects and pass the request along the chain until an object handles it.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/chain_1.png "Chain of Responsibility")
 
-**Applicability:** Use Chain of Responsibility when
+## Applicability
+Use Chain of Responsibility when
 
 * more than one object may handle a request, and the handler isn't known a priori. The handler should be ascertained automatically
 * you want to issue a request to one of several objects without specifying the receiver explicitly
 * the set of objects that can handle a request should be specified dynamically
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [java.util.logging.Logger#log()](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/logging/Logger.html#log%28java.util.logging.Level,%20java.lang.String%29)
 * [Apache Commons Chain](https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-chain/index.html)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

command/index.md

@@ -10,32 +10,35 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Action, Transaction
+## Also known as
+Action, Transaction
 
-**Intent:** Encapsulate a request as an object, thereby letting you
+## Intent
+Encapsulate a request as an object, thereby letting you
 parameterize clients with different requests, queue or log requests, and
 support undoable operations.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/command.png "Command")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Command pattern when you want to
+## Applicability
+Use the Command pattern when you want to
 
 * parameterize objects by an action to perform. You can express such parameterization in a procedural language with a callback function, that is, a function that's registered somewhere to be called at a later point. Commands are an object-oriented replacement for callbacks.
 * specify, queue, and execute requests at different times. A Command object can have a lifetime independent of the original request. If the receiver of a request can be represented in an address space-independent way, then you can transfer a command object for the request to a different process and fulfill the request there
 * support undo. The Command's execute operation can store state for reversing its effects in the command itself. The Command interface must have an added Unexecute operation that reverses the effects of a previous call to execute. Executed commands are stored in a history list. Unlimited-level undo and redo is achieved by traversing this list backwards and forwards calling unexecute and execute, respectively
 * support logging changes so that they can be reapplied in case of a system crash. By augmenting the Command interface with load and store operations, you can keep a persistent log of changes. Recovering from a crash involves reloading logged commands from disk and re-executing them with the execute operation
 * structure a system around high-level operations build on primitive operations. Such a structure is common in information systems that support transactions. A transaction encapsulates a set of changes to data. The Command pattern offers a way to model transactions. Commands have a common interface, letting you invoke all transactions the same way. The pattern also makes it easy to extend the system with new transactions
 
-**Typical Use Case:**
+## Typical Use Case
 
 * to keep a history of requests
 * implement callback functionality
 * implement the undo functionality
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [java.lang.Runnable](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/Runnable.html)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

composite/index.md

@@ -10,22 +10,24 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Intermediate
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole
+## Intent
+Compose objects into tree structures to represent part-whole
 hierarchies. Composite lets clients treat individual objects and compositions
 of objects uniformly.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/composite_1.png "Composite")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Composite pattern when
+## Applicability
+Use the Composite pattern when
 
 * you want to represent part-whole hierarchies of objects
 * you want clients to be able to ignore the difference between compositions of objects and individual objects. Clients will treat all objects in the composite structure uniformly
 
-**Real world examples:**
+## Real world examples
 
 * [java.awt.Container](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/awt/Container.html) and [java.awt.Component](http://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/awt/Component.html)
 * [Apache Wicket](https://github.com/apache/wicket) component tree, see [Component](https://github.com/apache/wicket/blob/91e154702ab1ff3481ef6cbb04c6044814b7e130/wicket-core/src/main/java/org/apache/wicket/Component.java) and [MarkupContainer](https://github.com/apache/wicket/blob/b60ec64d0b50a611a9549809c9ab216f0ffa3ae3/wicket-core/src/main/java/org/apache/wicket/MarkupContainer.java)
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

dao/index.md

@@ -9,16 +9,18 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Beginner
 ---
 
-**Intent:** Object provides an abstract interface to some type of database or
+## Intent
+Object provides an abstract interface to some type of database or
 other persistence mechanism.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/dao.png "Data Access Object")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Data Access Object in any of the following situations
+## Applicability
+Use the Data Access Object in any of the following situations
 
 * when you want to consolidate how the data layer is accessed
 * when you want to avoid writing multiple data retrieval/persistence layers
 
-**Credits:**
+## Credits
 
 * [J2EE Design Patterns](http://www.amazon.com/J2EE-Design-Patterns-William-Crawford/dp/0596004273/ref=sr_1_2)

decorator/index.md

@@ -10,20 +10,23 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Beginner
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Wrapper
+## Also known as
+Wrapper
 
-**Intent:** Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically.
+## Intent
+Attach additional responsibilities to an object dynamically.
 Decorators provide a flexible alternative to subclassing for extending
 functionality.
 
 ![alt text](./etc/decorator_1.png "Decorator")
 
-**Applicability:** Use Decorator
+## Applicability
+Use Decorator
 
 * to add responsibilities to individual objects dynamically and transparently, that is, without affecting other objects
 * for responsibilities that can be withdrawn
 * when extension by subclassing is impractical. Sometimes a large number of independent extensions are possible and would produce an explosion of subclasses to support every combination. Or a class definition may be hidden or otherwise unavailable for subclassing
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented Software](http://www.amazon.com/Design-Patterns-Elements-Reusable-Object-Oriented/dp/0201633612)

delegation/index.md

@@ -9,19 +9,22 @@ tags:
  - Difficulty-Beginner
 ---
 
-**Also known as:** Proxy Pattern
+## Also known as
+Proxy Pattern
 
-**Intent:** It is a technique where an object expresses certain behavior to the outside but in 
+## Intent
+It is a technique where an object expresses certain behavior to the outside but in 
 reality delegates responsibility for implementing that behaviour to an associated object. 
 
 ![alt text](./etc/delegation.png "Delegate")
 
-**Applicability:** Use the Delegate pattern in order to achieve the following
+## Applicability
+Use the Delegate pattern in order to achieve the following
 
 * Reduce the coupling of methods to their class
 * Components that behave identically, but realize that this situation can change in the future.
 
-**Credits**
+## Credits
 
 * [Delegate Pattern: Wikipedia ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delegation_pattern)
-* [Proxy Pattern: Wikipedia ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_pattern)
+* [Proxy Pattern: Wikipedia ](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxy_pattern)