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objcopy.c
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/* objcopy.c -- copy object file from input to output, optionally massaging it.
Copyright (C) 1991-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This file is part of GNU Binutils.
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.
This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street - Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
02110-1301, USA. */
#include "sysdep.h"
#include "bfd.h"
#include "getopt.h"
#include "libiberty.h"
#include "bucomm.h"
#include "budbg.h"
#include "filenames.h"
#include "fnmatch.h"
#include "elf-bfd.h"
#include "coff/internal.h"
#include "libcoff.h"
#include "safe-ctype.h"
/* FIXME: See bfd/peXXigen.c for why we include an architecture specific
header in generic PE code. */
#include "coff/i386.h"
#include "coff/pe.h"
static bfd_vma pe_file_alignment = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_heap_commit = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_heap_reserve = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_image_base = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_section_alignment = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_stack_commit = (bfd_vma) -1;
static bfd_vma pe_stack_reserve = (bfd_vma) -1;
static short pe_subsystem = -1;
static short pe_major_subsystem_version = -1;
static short pe_minor_subsystem_version = -1;
struct is_specified_symbol_predicate_data
{
const char *name;
bool found;
};
/* A node includes symbol name mapping to support redefine_sym. */
struct redefine_node
{
char *source;
char *target;
};
struct addsym_node
{
struct addsym_node *next;
char * symdef;
long symval;
flagword flags;
char * section;
const char * othersym;
};
typedef struct section_rename
{
const char * old_name;
const char * new_name;
flagword flags;
struct section_rename * next;
}
section_rename;
/* List of sections to be renamed. */
static section_rename *section_rename_list;
static asymbol **isympp = NULL; /* Input symbols. */
static asymbol **osympp = NULL; /* Output symbols that survive stripping. */
/* If `copy_byte' >= 0, copy 'copy_width' byte(s) of every `interleave' bytes. */
static int copy_byte = -1;
static int interleave = 0; /* Initialised to 4 in copy_main(). */
static int copy_width = 1;
static bool keep_section_symbols = false ;/* True if section symbols should be retained. */
static bool verbose; /* Print file and target names. */
static bool preserve_dates; /* Preserve input file timestamp. */
static int deterministic = -1; /* Enable deterministic archives. */
static int status = 0; /* Exit status. */
static bool merge_notes = false; /* Merge note sections. */
static bool strip_section_headers = false;/* Strip section headers. */
typedef struct merged_note_section
{
asection * sec; /* The section that is being merged. */
bfd_byte * contents;/* New contents of the section. */
bfd_size_type size; /* New size of the section. */
struct merged_note_section * next; /* Link to next merged note section. */
} merged_note_section;
enum strip_action
{
STRIP_UNDEF,
STRIP_NONE, /* Don't strip. */
STRIP_DEBUG, /* Strip all debugger symbols. */
STRIP_UNNEEDED, /* Strip unnecessary symbols. */
STRIP_NONDEBUG, /* Strip everything but debug info. */
STRIP_DWO, /* Strip all DWO info. */
STRIP_NONDWO, /* Strip everything but DWO info. */
STRIP_ALL /* Strip all symbols. */
};
/* Which symbols to remove. */
static enum strip_action strip_symbols = STRIP_UNDEF;
enum locals_action
{
LOCALS_UNDEF,
LOCALS_START_L, /* Discard locals starting with L. */
LOCALS_ALL /* Discard all locals. */
};
/* Which local symbols to remove. Overrides STRIP_ALL. */
static enum locals_action discard_locals;
/* Structure used to hold lists of sections and actions to take. */
struct section_list
{
struct section_list *next; /* Next section to change. */
const char *pattern; /* Section name pattern. */
bool used; /* Whether this entry was used. */
unsigned int context; /* What to do with matching sections. */
/* Flag bits used in the context field.
COPY and REMOVE are mutually exlusive.
SET and ALTER are mutually exclusive. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_REMOVE (1 << 0) /* Remove this section. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_COPY (1 << 1) /* Copy this section, delete all non-copied section. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_KEEP (1 << 2) /* Keep this section. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_VMA (1 << 3) /* Set the sections' VMA address. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_VMA (1 << 4) /* Increment or decrement the section's VMA address. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_LMA (1 << 5) /* Set the sections' LMA address. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_LMA (1 << 6) /* Increment or decrement the section's LMA address. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_FLAGS (1 << 7) /* Set the section's flags. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_REMOVE_RELOCS (1 << 8) /* Remove relocations for this section. */
#define SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_ALIGNMENT (1 << 9) /* Set alignment for section. */
bfd_vma vma_val; /* Amount to change by or set to. */
bfd_vma lma_val; /* Amount to change by or set to. */
flagword flags; /* What to set the section flags to. */
unsigned int alignment; /* Alignment of output section. */
};
static struct section_list *change_sections;
/* TRUE if some sections are to be removed. */
static bool sections_removed;
/* TRUE if only some sections are to be copied. */
static bool sections_copied;
/* Changes to the start address. */
static bfd_vma change_start = 0;
static bool set_start_set = false;
static bfd_vma set_start;
/* Changes to section addresses. */
static bfd_vma change_section_address = 0;
/* Filling gaps between sections. */
static bool gap_fill_set = false;
static bfd_byte gap_fill = 0;
/* Pad to a given address. */
static bool pad_to_set = false;
static bfd_vma pad_to;
/* Use alternative machine code? */
static unsigned long use_alt_mach_code = 0;
/* Output BFD flags user wants to set or clear */
static flagword bfd_flags_to_set;
static flagword bfd_flags_to_clear;
/* List of sections to add. */
struct section_add
{
/* Next section to add. */
struct section_add *next;
/* Name of section to add. */
const char *name;
/* Name of file holding section contents. */
const char *filename;
/* Size of file. */
size_t size;
/* Contents of file. */
bfd_byte *contents;
/* BFD section, after it has been added. */
asection *section;
};
/* List of sections to add to the output BFD. */
static struct section_add *add_sections;
/* List of sections to update in the output BFD. */
static struct section_add *update_sections;
/* List of sections to dump from the output BFD. */
static struct section_add *dump_sections;
/* If non-NULL the argument to --add-gnu-debuglink.
This should be the filename to store in the .gnu_debuglink section. */
static const char * gnu_debuglink_filename = NULL;
/* Whether to convert debugging information. */
static bool convert_debugging = false;
/* Whether to compress/decompress DWARF debug sections. */
static enum
{
nothing = 0,
compress = 1 << 0,
compress_zlib = compress | 1 << 1,
compress_gnu_zlib = compress | 1 << 2,
compress_gabi_zlib = compress | 1 << 3,
compress_zstd = compress | 1 << 4,
decompress = 1 << 5
} do_debug_sections = nothing;
/* Whether to generate ELF common symbols with the STT_COMMON type. */
static enum bfd_link_elf_stt_common do_elf_stt_common = unchanged;
/* Whether to change the leading character in symbol names. */
static bool change_leading_char = false;
/* Whether to remove the leading character from global symbol names. */
static bool remove_leading_char = false;
/* Whether to permit wildcard in symbol comparison. */
static bool wildcard = false;
/* True if --localize-hidden is in effect. */
static bool localize_hidden = false;
/* List of symbols to strip, keep, localize, keep-global, weaken,
or redefine. */
static htab_t strip_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t strip_unneeded_htab = NULL;
static htab_t keep_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t localize_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t globalize_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t keepglobal_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t weaken_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t redefine_specific_htab = NULL;
static htab_t redefine_specific_reverse_htab = NULL;
static struct addsym_node *add_sym_list = NULL, **add_sym_tail = &add_sym_list;
static int add_symbols = 0;
static char *strip_specific_buffer = NULL;
static char *strip_unneeded_buffer = NULL;
static char *keep_specific_buffer = NULL;
static char *localize_specific_buffer = NULL;
static char *globalize_specific_buffer = NULL;
static char *keepglobal_specific_buffer = NULL;
static char *weaken_specific_buffer = NULL;
/* If this is TRUE, we weaken global symbols (set BSF_WEAK). */
static bool weaken = false;
/* If this is TRUE, we retain BSF_FILE symbols. */
static bool keep_file_symbols = false;
/* Prefix symbols/sections. */
static char *prefix_symbols_string = 0;
static char *prefix_sections_string = 0;
static char *prefix_alloc_sections_string = 0;
/* True if --extract-symbol was passed on the command line. */
static bool extract_symbol = false;
/* If `reverse_bytes' is nonzero, then reverse the order of every chunk
of <reverse_bytes> bytes within each output section. */
static int reverse_bytes = 0;
/* For Coff objects, we may want to allow or disallow long section names,
or preserve them where found in the inputs. Debug info relies on them. */
enum long_section_name_handling
{
DISABLE,
ENABLE,
KEEP
};
/* The default long section handling mode is to preserve them.
This is also the only behaviour for 'strip'. */
static enum long_section_name_handling long_section_names = KEEP;
/* 150 isn't special; it's just an arbitrary non-ASCII char value. */
enum command_line_switch
{
OPTION_ADD_SECTION=150,
OPTION_ADD_GNU_DEBUGLINK,
OPTION_ADD_SYMBOL,
OPTION_ALT_MACH_CODE,
OPTION_CHANGE_ADDRESSES,
OPTION_CHANGE_LEADING_CHAR,
OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_ADDRESS,
OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_LMA,
OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_VMA,
OPTION_CHANGE_START,
OPTION_CHANGE_WARNINGS,
OPTION_COMPRESS_DEBUG_SECTIONS,
OPTION_DEBUGGING,
OPTION_DECOMPRESS_DEBUG_SECTIONS,
OPTION_DUMP_SECTION,
OPTION_ELF_STT_COMMON,
OPTION_EXTRACT_DWO,
OPTION_EXTRACT_SYMBOL,
OPTION_FILE_ALIGNMENT,
OPTION_FORMATS_INFO,
OPTION_GAP_FILL,
OPTION_GLOBALIZE_SYMBOL,
OPTION_GLOBALIZE_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_HEAP,
OPTION_IMAGE_BASE,
OPTION_IMPURE,
OPTION_INTERLEAVE_WIDTH,
OPTION_KEEPGLOBAL_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_KEEP_FILE_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_KEEP_SECTION,
OPTION_KEEP_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_KEEP_SECTION_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_LOCALIZE_HIDDEN,
OPTION_LOCALIZE_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_LONG_SECTION_NAMES,
OPTION_MERGE_NOTES,
OPTION_NO_MERGE_NOTES,
OPTION_NO_CHANGE_WARNINGS,
OPTION_ONLY_KEEP_DEBUG,
OPTION_PAD_TO,
OPTION_PREFIX_ALLOC_SECTIONS,
OPTION_PREFIX_SECTIONS,
OPTION_PREFIX_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_PURE,
OPTION_READONLY_TEXT,
OPTION_REDEFINE_SYM,
OPTION_REDEFINE_SYMS,
OPTION_REMOVE_LEADING_CHAR,
OPTION_REMOVE_RELOCS,
OPTION_RENAME_SECTION,
OPTION_REVERSE_BYTES,
OPTION_PE_SECTION_ALIGNMENT,
OPTION_SET_SECTION_FLAGS,
OPTION_SET_SECTION_ALIGNMENT,
OPTION_SET_START,
OPTION_SREC_FORCES3,
OPTION_SREC_LEN,
OPTION_STACK,
OPTION_STRIP_DWO,
OPTION_STRIP_SECTION_HEADERS,
OPTION_STRIP_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED,
OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED_SYMBOL,
OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_SUBSYSTEM,
OPTION_UPDATE_SECTION,
OPTION_VERILOG_DATA_WIDTH,
OPTION_WEAKEN,
OPTION_WEAKEN_SYMBOLS,
OPTION_WRITABLE_TEXT
};
/* Options to handle if running as "strip". */
static struct option strip_options[] =
{
{"disable-deterministic-archives", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{"discard-all", no_argument, 0, 'x'},
{"discard-locals", no_argument, 0, 'X'},
{"enable-deterministic-archives", no_argument, 0, 'D'},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'F'}, /* Obsolete */
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"info", no_argument, 0, OPTION_FORMATS_INFO},
{"input-format", required_argument, 0, 'I'}, /* Obsolete */
{"input-target", required_argument, 0, 'I'},
{"keep-section-symbols", no_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_SECTION_SYMBOLS},
{"keep-file-symbols", no_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_FILE_SYMBOLS},
{"keep-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_SECTION},
{"keep-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'K'},
{"merge-notes", no_argument, 0, 'M'},
{"no-merge-notes", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_MERGE_NOTES},
{"only-keep-debug", no_argument, 0, OPTION_ONLY_KEEP_DEBUG},
{"output-file", required_argument, 0, 'o'},
{"output-format", required_argument, 0, 'O'}, /* Obsolete */
{"output-target", required_argument, 0, 'O'},
{"preserve-dates", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
{"remove-section", required_argument, 0, 'R'},
{"remove-relocations", required_argument, 0, OPTION_REMOVE_RELOCS},
{"strip-section-headers", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_SECTION_HEADERS},
{"strip-all", no_argument, 0, 's'},
{"strip-debug", no_argument, 0, 'S'},
{"strip-dwo", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_DWO},
{"strip-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'N'},
{"strip-unneeded", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED},
{"target", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
{"verbose", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'V'},
{"wildcard", no_argument, 0, 'w'},
{0, no_argument, 0, 0}
};
/* Options to handle if running as "objcopy". */
static struct option copy_options[] =
{
{"add-gnu-debuglink", required_argument, 0, OPTION_ADD_GNU_DEBUGLINK},
{"add-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_ADD_SECTION},
{"add-symbol", required_argument, 0, OPTION_ADD_SYMBOL},
{"adjust-section-vma", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_ADDRESS},
{"adjust-start", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_START},
{"adjust-vma", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_ADDRESSES},
{"adjust-warnings", no_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_WARNINGS},
{"alt-machine-code", required_argument, 0, OPTION_ALT_MACH_CODE},
{"binary-architecture", required_argument, 0, 'B'},
{"byte", required_argument, 0, 'b'},
{"change-addresses", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_ADDRESSES},
{"change-leading-char", no_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_LEADING_CHAR},
{"change-section-address", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_ADDRESS},
{"change-section-lma", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_LMA},
{"change-section-vma", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_SECTION_VMA},
{"change-start", required_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_START},
{"change-warnings", no_argument, 0, OPTION_CHANGE_WARNINGS},
{"compress-debug-sections", optional_argument, 0, OPTION_COMPRESS_DEBUG_SECTIONS},
{"debugging", no_argument, 0, OPTION_DEBUGGING},
{"decompress-debug-sections", no_argument, 0, OPTION_DECOMPRESS_DEBUG_SECTIONS},
{"disable-deterministic-archives", no_argument, 0, 'U'},
{"discard-all", no_argument, 0, 'x'},
{"discard-locals", no_argument, 0, 'X'},
{"dump-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_DUMP_SECTION},
{"elf-stt-common", required_argument, 0, OPTION_ELF_STT_COMMON},
{"enable-deterministic-archives", no_argument, 0, 'D'},
{"extract-dwo", no_argument, 0, OPTION_EXTRACT_DWO},
{"extract-symbol", no_argument, 0, OPTION_EXTRACT_SYMBOL},
{"file-alignment", required_argument, 0, OPTION_FILE_ALIGNMENT},
{"format", required_argument, 0, 'F'}, /* Obsolete */
{"gap-fill", required_argument, 0, OPTION_GAP_FILL},
{"globalize-symbol", required_argument, 0, OPTION_GLOBALIZE_SYMBOL},
{"globalize-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_GLOBALIZE_SYMBOLS},
{"heap", required_argument, 0, OPTION_HEAP},
{"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
{"image-base", required_argument, 0 , OPTION_IMAGE_BASE},
{"impure", no_argument, 0, OPTION_IMPURE},
{"info", no_argument, 0, OPTION_FORMATS_INFO},
{"input-format", required_argument, 0, 'I'}, /* Obsolete */
{"input-target", required_argument, 0, 'I'},
{"interleave", optional_argument, 0, 'i'},
{"interleave-width", required_argument, 0, OPTION_INTERLEAVE_WIDTH},
{"keep-file-symbols", no_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_FILE_SYMBOLS},
{"keep-global-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'G'},
{"keep-global-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEPGLOBAL_SYMBOLS},
{"keep-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_SECTION},
{"keep-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'K'},
{"keep-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_SYMBOLS},
{"keep-section-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_KEEP_SECTION_SYMBOLS},
{"localize-hidden", no_argument, 0, OPTION_LOCALIZE_HIDDEN},
{"localize-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'L'},
{"localize-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_LOCALIZE_SYMBOLS},
{"long-section-names", required_argument, 0, OPTION_LONG_SECTION_NAMES},
{"merge-notes", no_argument, 0, 'M'},
{"no-merge-notes", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_MERGE_NOTES},
{"no-adjust-warnings", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_CHANGE_WARNINGS},
{"no-change-warnings", no_argument, 0, OPTION_NO_CHANGE_WARNINGS},
{"only-keep-debug", no_argument, 0, OPTION_ONLY_KEEP_DEBUG},
{"only-section", required_argument, 0, 'j'},
{"output-format", required_argument, 0, 'O'}, /* Obsolete */
{"output-target", required_argument, 0, 'O'},
{"pad-to", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PAD_TO},
{"prefix-alloc-sections", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PREFIX_ALLOC_SECTIONS},
{"prefix-sections", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PREFIX_SECTIONS},
{"prefix-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PREFIX_SYMBOLS},
{"preserve-dates", no_argument, 0, 'p'},
{"pure", no_argument, 0, OPTION_PURE},
{"readonly-text", no_argument, 0, OPTION_READONLY_TEXT},
{"redefine-sym", required_argument, 0, OPTION_REDEFINE_SYM},
{"redefine-syms", required_argument, 0, OPTION_REDEFINE_SYMS},
{"remove-leading-char", no_argument, 0, OPTION_REMOVE_LEADING_CHAR},
{"remove-section", required_argument, 0, 'R'},
{"remove-relocations", required_argument, 0, OPTION_REMOVE_RELOCS},
{"strip-section-headers", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_SECTION_HEADERS},
{"rename-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_RENAME_SECTION},
{"reverse-bytes", required_argument, 0, OPTION_REVERSE_BYTES},
{"section-alignment", required_argument, 0, OPTION_PE_SECTION_ALIGNMENT},
{"set-section-flags", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SET_SECTION_FLAGS},
{"set-section-alignment", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SET_SECTION_ALIGNMENT},
{"set-start", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SET_START},
{"srec-forceS3", no_argument, 0, OPTION_SREC_FORCES3},
{"srec-len", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SREC_LEN},
{"stack", required_argument, 0, OPTION_STACK},
{"strip-all", no_argument, 0, 'S'},
{"strip-debug", no_argument, 0, 'g'},
{"strip-dwo", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_DWO},
{"strip-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'N'},
{"strip-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_SYMBOLS},
{"strip-unneeded", no_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED},
{"strip-unneeded-symbol", required_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED_SYMBOL},
{"strip-unneeded-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_STRIP_UNNEEDED_SYMBOLS},
{"subsystem", required_argument, 0, OPTION_SUBSYSTEM},
{"target", required_argument, 0, 'F'},
{"update-section", required_argument, 0, OPTION_UPDATE_SECTION},
{"verbose", no_argument, 0, 'v'},
{"verilog-data-width", required_argument, 0, OPTION_VERILOG_DATA_WIDTH},
{"version", no_argument, 0, 'V'},
{"weaken", no_argument, 0, OPTION_WEAKEN},
{"weaken-symbol", required_argument, 0, 'W'},
{"weaken-symbols", required_argument, 0, OPTION_WEAKEN_SYMBOLS},
{"wildcard", no_argument, 0, 'w'},
{"writable-text", no_argument, 0, OPTION_WRITABLE_TEXT},
{0, no_argument, 0, 0}
};
/* IMPORTS */
extern char *program_name;
/* This flag distinguishes between strip and objcopy:
1 means this is 'strip'; 0 means this is 'objcopy'.
-1 means if we should use argv[0] to decide. */
extern int is_strip;
/* The maximum length of an S record. This variable is defined in srec.c
and can be modified by the --srec-len parameter. */
extern unsigned int _bfd_srec_len;
/* Restrict the generation of Srecords to type S3 only.
This variable is defined in bfd/srec.c and can be toggled
on by the --srec-forceS3 command line switch. */
extern bool _bfd_srec_forceS3;
/* Width of data in bytes for verilog output.
This variable is declared in bfd/verilog.c and can be modified by
the --verilog-data-width parameter. */
extern unsigned int VerilogDataWidth;
/* Endianness of data for verilog output.
This variable is declared in bfd/verilog.c and is set in the
copy_object() function. */
extern enum bfd_endian VerilogDataEndianness;
/* Forward declarations. */
static bool setup_section (bfd *, asection *, bfd *);
static bool setup_bfd_headers (bfd *, bfd *);
static bool copy_relocations_in_section (bfd *, asection *, bfd *);
static bool copy_section (bfd *, asection *, bfd *);
static int compare_section_lma (const void *, const void *);
static bool mark_symbols_used_in_relocations (bfd *, asection *, asymbol **);
static bool write_debugging_info (bfd *, void *, long *, asymbol ***);
static const char *lookup_sym_redefinition (const char *);
static const char *find_section_rename (const char *, flagword *);
ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN static void
copy_usage (FILE *stream, int exit_status)
{
fprintf (stream, _("Usage: %s [option(s)] in-file [out-file]\n"), program_name);
fprintf (stream, _(" Copies a binary file, possibly transforming it in the process\n"));
fprintf (stream, _(" The options are:\n"));
fprintf (stream, _("\
-I --input-target <bfdname> Assume input file is in format <bfdname>\n\
-O --output-target <bfdname> Create an output file in format <bfdname>\n\
-B --binary-architecture <arch> Set output arch, when input is arch-less\n\
-F --target <bfdname> Set both input and output format to <bfdname>\n\
--debugging Convert debugging information, if possible\n\
-p --preserve-dates Copy modified/access timestamps to the output\n"));
if (DEFAULT_AR_DETERMINISTIC)
fprintf (stream, _("\
-D --enable-deterministic-archives\n\
Produce deterministic output when stripping archives (default)\n\
-U --disable-deterministic-archives\n\
Disable -D behavior\n"));
else
fprintf (stream, _("\
-D --enable-deterministic-archives\n\
Produce deterministic output when stripping archives\n\
-U --disable-deterministic-archives\n\
Disable -D behavior (default)\n"));
fprintf (stream, _("\
-j --only-section <name> Only copy section <name> into the output\n\
--add-gnu-debuglink=<file> Add section .gnu_debuglink linking to <file>\n\
-R --remove-section <name> Remove section <name> from the output\n\
--remove-relocations <name> Remove relocations from section <name>\n\
--strip-section-headers Strip section header from the output\n\
-S --strip-all Remove all symbol and relocation information\n\
-g --strip-debug Remove all debugging symbols & sections\n\
--strip-dwo Remove all DWO sections\n\
--strip-unneeded Remove all symbols not needed by relocations\n\
-N --strip-symbol <name> Do not copy symbol <name>\n\
--strip-unneeded-symbol <name>\n\
Do not copy symbol <name> unless needed by\n\
relocations\n\
--only-keep-debug Strip everything but the debug information\n\
--extract-dwo Copy only DWO sections\n\
--extract-symbol Remove section contents but keep symbols\n\
--keep-section <name> Do not strip section <name>\n\
-K --keep-symbol <name> Do not strip symbol <name>\n\
--keep-section-symbols Do not strip section symbols\n\
--keep-file-symbols Do not strip file symbol(s)\n\
--localize-hidden Turn all ELF hidden symbols into locals\n\
-L --localize-symbol <name> Force symbol <name> to be marked as a local\n\
--globalize-symbol <name> Force symbol <name> to be marked as a global\n\
-G --keep-global-symbol <name> Localize all symbols except <name>\n\
-W --weaken-symbol <name> Force symbol <name> to be marked as a weak\n\
--weaken Force all global symbols to be marked as weak\n\
-w --wildcard Permit wildcard in symbol comparison\n\
-x --discard-all Remove all non-global symbols\n\
-X --discard-locals Remove any compiler-generated symbols\n\
-i --interleave[=<number>] Only copy N out of every <number> bytes\n\
--interleave-width <number> Set N for --interleave\n\
-b --byte <num> Select byte <num> in every interleaved block\n\
--gap-fill <val> Fill gaps between sections with <val>\n\
--pad-to <addr> Pad the last section up to address <addr>\n\
--set-start <addr> Set the start address to <addr>\n\
{--change-start|--adjust-start} <incr>\n\
Add <incr> to the start address\n\
{--change-addresses|--adjust-vma} <incr>\n\
Add <incr> to LMA, VMA and start addresses\n\
{--change-section-address|--adjust-section-vma} <name>{=|+|-}<val>\n\
Change LMA and VMA of section <name> by <val>\n\
--change-section-lma <name>{=|+|-}<val>\n\
Change the LMA of section <name> by <val>\n\
--change-section-vma <name>{=|+|-}<val>\n\
Change the VMA of section <name> by <val>\n\
{--[no-]change-warnings|--[no-]adjust-warnings}\n\
Warn if a named section does not exist\n\
--set-section-flags <name>=<flags>\n\
Set section <name>'s properties to <flags>\n\
--set-section-alignment <name>=<align>\n\
Set section <name>'s alignment to <align> bytes\n\
--add-section <name>=<file> Add section <name> found in <file> to output\n\
--update-section <name>=<file>\n\
Update contents of section <name> with\n\
contents found in <file>\n\
--dump-section <name>=<file> Dump the contents of section <name> into <file>\n\
--rename-section <old>=<new>[,<flags>] Rename section <old> to <new>\n\
--long-section-names {enable|disable|keep}\n\
Handle long section names in Coff objects.\n\
--change-leading-char Force output format's leading character style\n\
--remove-leading-char Remove leading character from global symbols\n\
--reverse-bytes=<num> Reverse <num> bytes at a time, in output sections with content\n\
--redefine-sym <old>=<new> Redefine symbol name <old> to <new>\n\
--redefine-syms <file> --redefine-sym for all symbol pairs \n\
listed in <file>\n\
--srec-len <number> Restrict the length of generated Srecords\n\
--srec-forceS3 Restrict the type of generated Srecords to S3\n\
--strip-symbols <file> -N for all symbols listed in <file>\n\
--strip-unneeded-symbols <file>\n\
--strip-unneeded-symbol for all symbols listed\n\
in <file>\n\
--keep-symbols <file> -K for all symbols listed in <file>\n\
--localize-symbols <file> -L for all symbols listed in <file>\n\
--globalize-symbols <file> --globalize-symbol for all in <file>\n\
--keep-global-symbols <file> -G for all symbols listed in <file>\n\
--weaken-symbols <file> -W for all symbols listed in <file>\n\
--add-symbol <name>=[<section>:]<value>[,<flags>] Add a symbol\n\
--alt-machine-code <index> Use the target's <index>'th alternative machine\n\
--writable-text Mark the output text as writable\n\
--readonly-text Make the output text write protected\n\
--pure Mark the output file as demand paged\n\
--impure Mark the output file as impure\n\
--prefix-symbols <prefix> Add <prefix> to start of every symbol name\n\
--prefix-sections <prefix> Add <prefix> to start of every section name\n\
--prefix-alloc-sections <prefix>\n\
Add <prefix> to start of every allocatable\n\
section name\n\
--file-alignment <num> Set PE file alignment to <num>\n\
--heap <reserve>[,<commit>] Set PE reserve/commit heap to <reserve>/\n\
<commit>\n\
--image-base <address> Set PE image base to <address>\n\
--section-alignment <num> Set PE section alignment to <num>\n\
--stack <reserve>[,<commit>] Set PE reserve/commit stack to <reserve>/\n\
<commit>\n\
--subsystem <name>[:<version>]\n\
Set PE subsystem to <name> [& <version>]\n\
--compress-debug-sections[={none|zlib|zlib-gnu|zlib-gabi|zstd}]\n\
Compress DWARF debug sections\n\
--decompress-debug-sections Decompress DWARF debug sections using zlib\n\
--elf-stt-common=[yes|no] Generate ELF common symbols with STT_COMMON\n\
type\n\
--verilog-data-width <number> Specifies data width, in bytes, for verilog output\n\
-M --merge-notes Remove redundant entries in note sections\n\
--no-merge-notes Do not attempt to remove redundant notes (default)\n\
-v --verbose List all object files modified\n\
@<file> Read options from <file>\n\
-V --version Display this program's version number\n\
-h --help Display this output\n\
--info List object formats & architectures supported\n\
"));
list_supported_targets (program_name, stream);
if (REPORT_BUGS_TO[0] && exit_status == 0)
fprintf (stream, _("Report bugs to %s\n"), REPORT_BUGS_TO);
exit (exit_status);
}
ATTRIBUTE_NORETURN static void
strip_usage (FILE *stream, int exit_status)
{
fprintf (stream, _("Usage: %s <option(s)> in-file(s)\n"), program_name);
fprintf (stream, _(" Removes symbols and sections from files\n"));
fprintf (stream, _(" The options are:\n"));
fprintf (stream, _("\
-I --input-target=<bfdname> Assume input file is in format <bfdname>\n\
-O --output-target=<bfdname> Create an output file in format <bfdname>\n\
-F --target=<bfdname> Set both input and output format to <bfdname>\n\
-p --preserve-dates Copy modified/access timestamps to the output\n\
"));
if (DEFAULT_AR_DETERMINISTIC)
fprintf (stream, _("\
-D --enable-deterministic-archives\n\
Produce deterministic output when stripping archives (default)\n\
-U --disable-deterministic-archives\n\
Disable -D behavior\n"));
else
fprintf (stream, _("\
-D --enable-deterministic-archives\n\
Produce deterministic output when stripping archives\n\
-U --disable-deterministic-archives\n\
Disable -D behavior (default)\n"));
fprintf (stream, _("\
-R --remove-section=<name> Also remove section <name> from the output\n\
--remove-relocations <name> Remove relocations from section <name>\n\
--strip-section-headers Strip section headers from the output\n\
-s --strip-all Remove all symbol and relocation information\n\
-g -S -d --strip-debug Remove all debugging symbols & sections\n\
--strip-dwo Remove all DWO sections\n\
--strip-unneeded Remove all symbols not needed by relocations\n\
--only-keep-debug Strip everything but the debug information\n\
-M --merge-notes Remove redundant entries in note sections (default)\n\
--no-merge-notes Do not attempt to remove redundant notes\n\
-N --strip-symbol=<name> Do not copy symbol <name>\n\
--keep-section=<name> Do not strip section <name>\n\
-K --keep-symbol=<name> Do not strip symbol <name>\n\
--keep-section-symbols Do not strip section symbols\n\
--keep-file-symbols Do not strip file symbol(s)\n\
-w --wildcard Permit wildcard in symbol comparison\n\
-x --discard-all Remove all non-global symbols\n\
-X --discard-locals Remove any compiler-generated symbols\n\
-v --verbose List all object files modified\n\
-V --version Display this program's version number\n\
-h --help Display this output\n\
--info List object formats & architectures supported\n\
-o <file> Place stripped output into <file>\n\
"));
list_supported_targets (program_name, stream);
if (REPORT_BUGS_TO[0] && exit_status == 0)
fprintf (stream, _("Report bugs to %s\n"), REPORT_BUGS_TO);
exit (exit_status);
}
/* Parse section flags into a flagword, with a fatal error if the
string can't be parsed. */
static flagword
parse_flags (const char *s)
{
flagword ret;
const char *snext;
int len;
ret = SEC_NO_FLAGS;
do
{
snext = strchr (s, ',');
if (snext == NULL)
len = strlen (s);
else
{
len = snext - s;
++snext;
}
if (0) ;
#define PARSE_FLAG(fname,fval) \
else if (strncasecmp (fname, s, len) == 0) ret |= fval
PARSE_FLAG ("alloc", SEC_ALLOC);
PARSE_FLAG ("load", SEC_LOAD);
PARSE_FLAG ("noload", SEC_NEVER_LOAD);
PARSE_FLAG ("readonly", SEC_READONLY);
PARSE_FLAG ("debug", SEC_DEBUGGING);
PARSE_FLAG ("code", SEC_CODE);
PARSE_FLAG ("data", SEC_DATA);
PARSE_FLAG ("rom", SEC_ROM);
PARSE_FLAG ("exclude", SEC_EXCLUDE);
PARSE_FLAG ("share", SEC_COFF_SHARED);
PARSE_FLAG ("contents", SEC_HAS_CONTENTS);
PARSE_FLAG ("merge", SEC_MERGE);
PARSE_FLAG ("strings", SEC_STRINGS);
PARSE_FLAG ("large", SEC_ELF_LARGE);
#undef PARSE_FLAG
else
{
char *copy;
copy = (char *) xmalloc (len + 1);
strncpy (copy, s, len);
copy[len] = '\0';
non_fatal (_("unrecognized section flag `%s'"), copy);
fatal (_ ("supported flags: %s"),
"alloc, load, noload, readonly, debug, code, data, rom, "
"exclude, contents, merge, strings, (COFF specific) share, "
"(ELF x86-64 specific) large");
}
s = snext;
}
while (s != NULL);
return ret;
}
/* Parse symbol flags into a flagword, with a fatal error if the
string can't be parsed. */
static flagword
parse_symflags (const char *s, const char **other)
{
flagword ret;
const char *snext;
size_t len;
ret = BSF_NO_FLAGS;
do
{
snext = strchr (s, ',');
if (snext == NULL)
len = strlen (s);
else
{
len = snext - s;
++snext;
}
#define PARSE_FLAG(fname, fval) \
else if (len == sizeof fname - 1 \
&& strncasecmp (fname, s, len) == 0) \
ret |= fval
#define PARSE_OTHER(fname, fval) \
else if (len >= sizeof fname \
&& strncasecmp (fname, s, sizeof fname - 1) == 0) \
fval = xstrndup (s + sizeof fname - 1, len - sizeof fname + 1)
if (0) ;
PARSE_FLAG ("local", BSF_LOCAL);
PARSE_FLAG ("global", BSF_GLOBAL);
PARSE_FLAG ("export", BSF_EXPORT);
PARSE_FLAG ("debug", BSF_DEBUGGING);
PARSE_FLAG ("function", BSF_FUNCTION);
PARSE_FLAG ("weak", BSF_WEAK);
PARSE_FLAG ("section", BSF_SECTION_SYM);
PARSE_FLAG ("constructor", BSF_CONSTRUCTOR);
PARSE_FLAG ("warning", BSF_WARNING);
PARSE_FLAG ("indirect", BSF_INDIRECT);
PARSE_FLAG ("file", BSF_FILE);
PARSE_FLAG ("object", BSF_OBJECT);
PARSE_FLAG ("synthetic", BSF_SYNTHETIC);
PARSE_FLAG ("indirect-function", BSF_GNU_INDIRECT_FUNCTION | BSF_FUNCTION);
PARSE_FLAG ("unique-object", BSF_GNU_UNIQUE | BSF_OBJECT);
PARSE_OTHER ("before=", *other);
#undef PARSE_FLAG
#undef PARSE_OTHER
else
{
char *copy;
copy = (char *) xmalloc (len + 1);
strncpy (copy, s, len);
copy[len] = '\0';
non_fatal (_("unrecognized symbol flag `%s'"), copy);
fatal (_("supported flags: %s"),
"local, global, export, debug, function, weak, section, "
"constructor, warning, indirect, file, object, synthetic, "
"indirect-function, unique-object, before=<othersym>");
}
s = snext;
}
while (s != NULL);
return ret;
}
/* Find and optionally add an entry in the change_sections list.
We need to be careful in how we match section names because of the support
for wildcard characters. For example suppose that the user has invoked
objcopy like this:
--set-section-flags .debug_*=debug
--set-section-flags .debug_str=readonly,debug
--change-section-address .debug_*ranges=0x1000
With the idea that all debug sections will receive the DEBUG flag, the
.debug_str section will also receive the READONLY flag and the
.debug_ranges and .debug_aranges sections will have their address set to
0x1000. (This may not make much sense, but it is just an example).
When adding the section name patterns to the section list we need to make
sure that previous entries do not match with the new entry, unless the
match is exact. (In which case we assume that the user is overriding
the previous entry with the new context).
When matching real section names to the section list we make use of the
wildcard characters, but we must do so in context. Eg if we are setting
section addresses then we match for .debug_ranges but not for .debug_info.
Finally, if ADD is false and we do find a match, we mark the section list
entry as used. */
static struct section_list *
find_section_list (const char *name, bool add, unsigned int context)
{
struct section_list *p, *match = NULL;
/* assert ((context & ((1 << 7) - 1)) != 0); */
for (p = change_sections; p != NULL; p = p->next)
{
if (add)
{
if (strcmp (p->pattern, name) == 0)
{
/* Check for context conflicts. */
if (((p->context & SECTION_CONTEXT_REMOVE)
&& (context & SECTION_CONTEXT_COPY))
|| ((context & SECTION_CONTEXT_REMOVE)
&& (p->context & SECTION_CONTEXT_COPY)))
fatal (_("error: %s both copied and removed"), name);
if (((p->context & SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_VMA)
&& (context & SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_VMA))
|| ((context & SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_VMA)
&& (context & SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_VMA)))
fatal (_("error: %s both sets and alters VMA"), name);
if (((p->context & SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_LMA)
&& (context & SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_LMA))
|| ((context & SECTION_CONTEXT_SET_LMA)
&& (context & SECTION_CONTEXT_ALTER_LMA)))
fatal (_("error: %s both sets and alters LMA"), name);
/* Extend the context. */
p->context |= context;
return p;
}
}
/* If we are not adding a new name/pattern then
only check for a match if the context applies. */
else if (p->context & context)
{
/* We could check for the presence of wildchar characters
first and choose between calling strcmp and fnmatch,
but is that really worth it ? */
if (p->pattern [0] == '!')
{
if (fnmatch (p->pattern + 1, name, 0) == 0)
{
p->used = true;
return NULL;
}
}
else
{
if (fnmatch (p->pattern, name, 0) == 0)
{
if (match == NULL)
match = p;
}
}
}
}
if (! add)
{
if (match != NULL)
match->used = true;
return match;
}
p = (struct section_list *) xmalloc (sizeof (struct section_list));
p->pattern = name;