sonoff_t1_uk_3gang_v1.1.rst

Using With Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang

.. seo::
    :description: Instructions for putting Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang devices into flash mode and installing ESPHome on them.
    :image: sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.jpg

ESPHome can also be used with Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang wireless switches. These devices are basically just an ESP8266 chip with 3 relays to control power output and three backlit capacitive touch buttons to control the relays.

Note

This instruction is made for T1 UK with the touch board v1.1 which is trickier to get into flash mode than v1

Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang WiFi switch.

This guide will step you through setting up your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang and flashing the first ESPHome firmware with the serial interface. After that, you will be able to upload all future firmwares with the remote Over-The-Air update process.

Note

If you've previously installed Sonoff-Tasmota on your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang, you're in luck 😀 ESPHome can generate a firmware binary which you can then upload via the Tasmota web interface. To see how to create this binary, skip to :ref:`sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1-creating_firmware`.

Since firmware version 1.6.0, iTead (the creator of this device) has removed the ability to upload a custom firmware through their own upload process. Unfortunately, that means that the only way to flash the initial ESPHome firmware is by physically opening the device up and using the UART interface.

Warning

Opening up this device can be very dangerous if not done correctly. While the device is open, you will be a single touch away from being electrocuted if the device is plugged in.

So, during this entire guide never ever plug the device in. Also, you should only do this if you know what you're doing. If you, at any step, feel something is wrong or are uncomfortable with continuing, it's best to just stop for your own safety.

It's your own responsibility to make sure everything you do during this setup process is safe.

For this guide you will need:

• Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang 😉
• A USB to UART Bridge for flashing the device. These can be bought on Amazon for less than 5 dollars. Note that the bridge must be 3.3V compatible. Otherwise you will destroy your Sonoff.
• Jumper wires to connect the UART bridge to the header pins and to connect GPIO0 to the Ground.
• Computer running ESPHome or Home Assistant add-on.
• Screwdriver to open up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang.

Have everything? Great! Then you can start.

Step 1: Opening up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang

The first step is to open up the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. Note that you do not have to run the original firmware supplied with the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang before doing this step.

Warning

Just to repeat this: Make absolutely sure the device is not connected to any appliance or plugged in before doing this step.

While the device is not plugged in, turn the device face down and put a narrow flat screwdriver into the slot at the bottom. With careful twisting motion detach the faceplate.

Careful twisting motion.

After that, use the same screwdriver to carefully lift the top PCB off of the switch. This PCB contains the ESP chip and what's left inside the switch body are relays.

"TOUCH BOARD" with touchpads holds the ESP chip.

Step 2: Connecting UART

Now we need our computer to somehow establish a data connection to the board. For this we will have to connect the four wires on the UART to USB bridge to the UART pins of the Sonoff T1 v1.1.

Fortunately for us, these pins on the ESP controller have dedicated solder pads on the PCB. You can identify these by the VCC33, RX, TX and GND markings on the silk-screen.

Now go ahead and connect these pins to your UART to USB bridge as seen in below image. Make sure that you connect these correctly, especially the VCC33 and GND parts as you can otherwise destroy the chip.

VCC33 should be connected to the 3V3 (not 5V) pin of the UART bridge, GND to GND and the same with RX/TX.

There's no need for soldering - for quick job like one time firmware flashing you can just hold pins in respective holes by hand provided you are not touching any live contacts, only the wires.

Note

On some older T1 UK 3 Gangs, the RX and TX pins are swapped (sometimes even the written silkscreen is wrong). If your upload fails with an error: espcomm_upload_mem failed message it's most likely due to the pins being swapped. In that case, just swap RX and TX and try again - you won't break anything if they're swapped.

Step 3: Creating Firmware

The Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang is based on the ESP8266 platform (technically it's the ESP8285, but for our purposes they're the same) and is a subtype of the esp01_1m board. With this information, you can step through the ESPHome wizard (esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml wizard), or alternatively, you can just take the below configuration file and modify it to your needs.

esphome:
  name: <NAME_OF_NODE>

esp8266:
  board: esp8285

wifi:
  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
  password: !secret wifi_password

api:

logger:

ota:

Now run esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml compile to validate the configuration and pre-compile the firmware.

Note

After this step, you will be able to find the compiled binary under <NAME_OF_NODE>/.pioenvs/<NAME_OF_NODE>/firmware.bin. If you're having trouble with uploading, you can also try uploading this file directly with other tools.

Step 4: Uploading Firmware

In order to upload the firmware, you're first going to need to get the chip into a flash mode, otherwise the device will start up without accepting any firmware flash attempts. To put ESP8266 into flash mode you need to connect GPIO0 to GND when the device is powering up.

This is a tricky process with T1 and the best way to do it is to use a wire with pins on either side. To do this, while the device is UART bridge is not connected to your USB port, flip the PCB over, take a wire and connect the second Ground hole on the PCB (red) to the third from the right bottom leg on the chip as depicted below (yellow) - that leg is connected to the GPIO0 on ESP and plug the UART to your USB port.

Keep holding GND and GPIO0 connected for 2-4 seconds. The T1 UK 3 Gang should now be in a flash mode and should not blink with any LED. The touchpads may light up.

Connect red and yellow contacts while powering the board.

Now you can finally run the upload command:

esphome sonoff_t1_uk_3g_v1.1.yaml run

If successful, you should see something like this:

Hooray 🎉! You've now successfully uploaded the first ESPHome firmware to your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. And in a moment, you will be able to use all of ESPHome's great features with your Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang. Now you can put your T1 back together and fire up.

Note

While now your T1 will start up and connect to your WiFi network if you power it up from UART it will not behave normally, it may flash random LEDs, turn on and off touchpads' backlight and not react on touching touchpads. This will all be fixed once you re-assemble your T1 and power it up from the mains power once safe to do so.

If above step does, however, not work, here are some steps that can help:

• Sometimes the UART bridge cannot supply enough current to the chip to operate, in this case use a 3.3V supply you have lying around. A nice hack is to use the power supply of NodeMCU boards. Simply connect the NodeMCU's 3.3V to VCC and GND to GND. Do not attempt to plug the device into a socket to overcome this problem while troubleshooting.
• In other cases the TX and RX pin are reversed. Simple disconnect the device, swap the two pins and put it into flash mode again.

Step 5: Adding the Button, Relay and LEDs

Now we would like the T1 UK 3 Gang to actually do something, not just connect to WiFi and pretty much sit idle.

Below you will find a table of all usable GPIO pins of the Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang and a configuration file that exposes all of the basic functions.

GPIO0	Touchpad #1 (inverted)
GPIO9	Touchpad #2 (inverted)
GPIO10	Touchpad #3 (inverted)
GPIO12	Relay #1 and Touchpad #1 backlight
GPIO5	Relay #2 and Touchpad #2 backlight
GPIO4	Relay #3 and Touchpad #3 backlight
GPIO13	Blue LED (inverted)
GPIO1	RX pin (for external sensors)
GPIO3	TX pin (for external sensors)

esphome:
  name: <NAME_OF_NODE>

esp8266:
  board: esp01_1m

wifi:
  ssid: !secret wifi_ssid
  password: !secret wifi_password

api:

logger:

ota:

binary_sensor:
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO0
      mode:
        input: true
        pullup: true
      inverted: true
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 1"
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO9
      mode:
        input: true
        pullup: true
      inverted: true
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 2"
  - platform: gpio
    pin:
      number: GPIO10
      mode:
        input: true
        pullup: true
      inverted: true
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Touchpad 3"
  - platform: status
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Status"

switch:
  - platform: gpio
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 1"
    pin: GPIO12
  - platform: gpio
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 2"
    pin: GPIO5
  - platform: gpio
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Relay 3"
    pin: GPIO4

output:
  # Register the blue LED as a dimmable output ....
  - platform: esp8266_pwm
    id: blue_led
    pin: GPIO13
    inverted: true

light:
  # ... and then make a light out of it.
  - platform: monochromatic
    name: "Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang Blue LED"
    output: blue_led

Above example also showcases an important concept of ESPHome: IDs and linking. In order to make all components in ESPHome as "plug and play" as possible, you can use IDs to define them in one area, and simply pass that ID later on. For example, above you can see a PWM (dimmer) output being created with the ID blue_led for the blue LED. Later on it is then transformed into a :doc:`monochromatic light </components/light/monochromatic>`. If you additionally want the buttons to control the relays, look at the complete Sonoff T1 UK 3 Gang with automation example.

Step 6: Finishing Up

If you're sure everything is done with the T1 UK 3 Gang and have double checked there's nothing that could cause a short in the case, you can put the T1 back together.

Now triple- or even quadruple-check the UART bridge is not connected to the T1 UK 3 Gang, then comes the time when you can connect it.

Happy hacking!

See Also

• :doc:`sonoff`
• :doc:`sonoff_4ch`
• :doc:`sonoff_s20`
• :ghedit:`Edit`