diff --git a/graphs/matching_min_vertex_cover.py b/graphs/matching_min_vertex_cover.py new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..5ac944ec1a07 --- /dev/null +++ b/graphs/matching_min_vertex_cover.py @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +""" +* Author: Manuel Di Lullo (https://github.com/manueldilullo) +* Description: Approximization algorithm for minimum vertex cover problem. + Matching Approach. Uses graphs represented with an adjacency list + +URL: https://mathworld.wolfram.com/MinimumVertexCover.html +URL: https://www.princeton.edu/~aaa/Public/Teaching/ORF523/ORF523_Lec6.pdf +""" + + +def matching_min_vertex_cover(graph: dict) -> set: + """ + APX Algorithm for min Vertex Cover using Matching Approach + @input: graph (graph stored in an adjacency list where each vertex + is represented as an integer) + @example: + >>> graph = {0: [1, 3], 1: [0, 3], 2: [0, 3, 4], 3: [0, 1, 2], 4: [2, 3]} + >>> matching_min_vertex_cover(graph) + {0, 1, 2, 4} + """ + # chosen_vertices = set of chosen vertices + chosen_vertices = set() + # edges = list of graph's edges + edges = get_edges(graph) + + # While there are still elements in edges list, take an arbitrary edge + # (from_node, to_node) and add his extremity to chosen_vertices and then + # remove all arcs adjacent to the from_node and to_node + while edges: + from_node, to_node = edges.pop() + chosen_vertices.add(from_node) + chosen_vertices.add(to_node) + for edge in edges.copy(): + if from_node in edge or to_node in edge: + edges.discard(edge) + return chosen_vertices + + +def get_edges(graph: dict) -> set: + """ + Return a set of couples that represents all of the edges. + @input: graph (graph stored in an adjacency list where each vertex is + represented as an integer) + @example: + >>> graph = {0: [1, 3], 1: [0, 3], 2: [0, 3], 3: [0, 1, 2]} + >>> get_edges(graph) + {(0, 1), (3, 1), (0, 3), (2, 0), (3, 0), (2, 3), (1, 0), (3, 2), (1, 3)} + """ + edges = set() + for from_node, to_nodes in graph.items(): + for to_node in to_nodes: + edges.add((from_node, to_node)) + return edges + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + import doctest + + doctest.testmod() + + # graph = {0: [1, 3], 1: [0, 3], 2: [0, 3, 4], 3: [0, 1, 2], 4: [2, 3]} + # print(f"Matching vertex cover:\n{matching_min_vertex_cover(graph)}")