A basic reference guide to installing pillow on your local machine as well as a worst-case scenario fallback.
Make sure you are working in a virtual environment to ensure software package continuity.
If you are not working in one, install and make one with:
$ pip install virtualenv
$ virtualenv venv && cd venv
####Activate the virtual environment. On Mac/Linux:
$ source bin/activate
On Windows:
> .\Scripts\activate
This provides image validation (as well as many other image-related python activities) for Django's ImageField()
$ pip install pillow
You might see something like:
error: command 'cc' failed with exit status 1
----------------------------------------
Cleaning up...
Command /Users/user/Desktop/venv/bin/python -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/Users/jmitch/Desktop/venv/build/pillow/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /var/folders/pt/3tv_v7lx18xft_fwzsl2l4880000gn/T/pip-F89xZT-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/user/Desktop/venv/include/site/python2.7 failed with error code 1 in /Users/user/Desktop/venv/build/pillow
Storing debug log for failure in /Users/user/.pip/pip.log
That means pillow was not installed correctly. Below are a few suggestions for troubleshooting (aka fixing) this issue.
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Download Command Line Tools for Xcode. Search "command line tools" here. Download the latest for your operating system (Mavericks or Yosemite)
After XCode and command line tools are installed, open terminal and run:
$ pip install pillow
If installation still fails, continue to next section.
Check Homebrew is installed
$which brew
/usr/local/bin/brew #should be returned
If Homebrew is not installed, visit http://brew.sh to install.
In Terminal
$ brew update
$ brew tap Homebrew/python
$ brew install pillow
If homebrew installation fails, try:
$ export CFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
$ export CPPFLAGS=-Qunused-arguments
$ pip install pillow
Lastly try:
$ ARCHFLAGS=-Wno-error=unused-command-line-argument-hard-error-in-future pip install pillow
Use FileField() instead of ImageField() as your model field. Example:
image = models.FileField(upload_to='images/')Instead of
image = models.ImageField(upload_to='images/')The main advantage of "ImageField" is that checks if the file uploaded is, in fact, an actual image while "FileField" does not. Read about "ImageField" in the Django documentation here.
Cheers!