transaction.js

'use strict';

/* jshint unused: false */
/* jshint latedef: false */
var should = require('chai').should();
var expect = require('chai').expect;
var _ = require('lodash');
var sinon = require('sinon');

var bitcore = require('../..');
var BN = bitcore.crypto.BN;
var Transaction = bitcore.Transaction;
var Input = bitcore.Transaction.Input;
var Output = bitcore.Transaction.Output;
var PrivateKey = bitcore.PrivateKey;
var Script = bitcore.Script;
var Address = bitcore.Address;
var Networks = bitcore.Networks;
var Opcode = bitcore.Opcode;
var errors = bitcore.errors;

var transactionVector = require('../data/tx_creation');

describe('Transaction', function() {

  it('should serialize and deserialize correctly a given transaction', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    transaction.uncheckedSerialize().should.equal(tx_1_hex);
  });

  it('should parse the version as a signed integer', function () {
    var transaction = Transaction('ffffffff0000ffffffff')
    transaction.version.should.equal(-1);
    transaction.nLockTime.should.equal(0xffffffff);
  });

  it('fails if an invalid parameter is passed to constructor', function() {
    expect(function() {
      return new Transaction(1);
    }).to.throw(errors.InvalidArgument);
  });

  var testScript = 'OP_DUP OP_HASH160 20 0x88d9931ea73d60eaf7e5671efc0552b912911f2a OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG';
  var testScriptHex = '76a91488d9931ea73d60eaf7e5671efc0552b912911f2a88ac';
  var testPrevTx = 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458';
  var testAmount = 1020000;
  var testTransaction = new Transaction()
    .from({
      'txId': testPrevTx,
      'outputIndex': 0,
      'script': testScript,
      'satoshis': testAmount
    })
    .to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', testAmount - 10000);

  it('can serialize to a plain javascript object', function() {
    var object = testTransaction.toObject();
    object.inputs[0].output.satoshis.should.equal(testAmount);
    object.inputs[0].output.script.should.equal(testScriptHex);
    object.inputs[0].prevTxId.should.equal(testPrevTx);
    object.inputs[0].outputIndex.should.equal(0);
    object.outputs[0].satoshis.should.equal(testAmount - 10000);
  });

  it('will not accept NaN as an amount', function() {
    (function() {
      var stringTx = new Transaction().to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', NaN);
    }).should.throw('Amount is expected to be a positive integer');
  });

  it('returns the fee correctly', function() {
    testTransaction.getFee().should.equal(10000);
  });

  it('will return zero as the fee for a coinbase', function() {
    // block #2: 0e3e2357e806b6cdb1f70b54c3a3a17b6714ee1f0e68bebb44a74b1efd512098
    var coinbaseTransaction = new Transaction('01000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000ffffffff0704ffff001d0104ffffffff0100f2052a0100000043410496b538e853519c726a2c91e61ec11600ae1390813a627c66fb8be7947be63c52da7589379515d4e0a604f8141781e62294721166bf621e73a82cbf2342c858eeac00000000');
    coinbaseTransaction.getFee().should.equal(0);
  });

  it('serialize to Object roundtrip', function() {
    var a = testTransaction.toObject();
    var newTransaction = new Transaction(a);
    var b = newTransaction.toObject();
    a.should.deep.equal(b);
  });

  it('toObject/fromObject with signatures and custom fee', function() {
    var tx = new Transaction()
      .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
      .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
      .fee(15000)
      .change(changeAddress)
      .sign(privateKey);

    var txData = JSON.stringify(tx);
    var tx2 = new Transaction(JSON.parse(txData));
    var txData2 = JSON.stringify(tx2);
    txData.should.equal(txData2);
  });

  it('toObject/fromObject with p2sh signatures and custom fee', function() {
    var tx = new Transaction()
      .from(p2shUtxoWith1BTC, [p2shPublicKey1, p2shPublicKey2, p2shPublicKey3], 2)
      .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
      .fee(15000)
      .change(changeAddress)
      .sign(p2shPrivateKey1)
      .sign(p2shPrivateKey2);

    var txData = JSON.stringify(tx);
    var tx2 = new Transaction(JSON.parse(txData));
    var tx2Data = JSON.stringify(tx2);
    txData.should.equal(tx2Data);
  });

  it('fromObject with pay-to-public-key previous outputs', function() {
    var tx = bitcore.Transaction({
      hash: '132856bf03d6415562a556437d22ac63c37a4595fd986c796eb8e02dc031aa25',
      version: 1,
      inputs: [
        {
          prevTxId: 'e30ac3db24ef28500f023775d8eb06ad8a26241690080260308208a4020012a4',
          outputIndex: 0,
          sequenceNumber: 4294967294,
          script: '473044022024dbcf41ccd4f3fe325bebb7a87d0bf359eefa03826482008e0fe7795586ad440220676f5f211ebbc311cfa631f14a8223a343cbadc6fa97d6d17f8d2531308b533201',
          scriptString: '71 0x3044022024dbcf41ccd4f3fe325bebb7a87d0bf359eefa03826482008e0fe7795586ad440220676f5f211ebbc311cfa631f14a8223a343cbadc6fa97d6d17f8d2531308b533201',
          output: {
            satoshis: 5000000000,
            script: '2103b1c65d65f1ff3fe145a4ede692460ae0606671d04e8449e99dd11c66ab55a7feac'
          }
        }
      ],
      outputs: [
        {
          satoshis: 3999999040,
          script: '76a914fa1e0abfb8d26e494375f47e04b4883c44dd44d988ac'
        },
        {
          satoshis: 1000000000,
          script: '76a9140b2f0a0c31bfe0406b0ccc1381fdbe311946dadc88ac'
        }
      ],
      nLockTime: 139
    });
    tx.inputs[0].should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Transaction.Input.PublicKey);
    tx.inputs[0].output.satoshis.should.equal(5000000000);
    tx.inputs[0].output.script.toHex().should.equal('2103b1c65d65f1ff3fe145a4ede692460ae0606671d04e8449e99dd11c66ab55a7feac');
  });

  it('constructor returns a shallow copy of another transaction', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    var copy = new Transaction(transaction);
    copy.uncheckedSerialize().should.equal(transaction.uncheckedSerialize());
  });

  it('should display correctly in console', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    transaction.inspect().should.equal('<Transaction: ' + tx_1_hex + '>');
  });

  it('standard hash of transaction should be decoded correctly', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    transaction.id.should.equal(tx_1_id);
  });

  it('serializes an empty transaction', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction();
    transaction.uncheckedSerialize().should.equal(tx_empty_hex);
  });

  it('serializes and deserializes correctly', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    transaction.uncheckedSerialize().should.equal(tx_1_hex);
  });

  describe('transaction creation test vector', function() {
    this.timeout(5000);
    var index = 0;
    transactionVector.forEach(function(vector) {
      index++;
      it('case ' + index, function() {
        var i = 0;
        var transaction = new Transaction();
        while (i < vector.length) {
          var command = vector[i];
          var args = vector[i + 1];
          if (command === 'serialize') {
            transaction.serialize().should.equal(args);
          } else {
            transaction[command].apply(transaction, args);
          }
          i += 2;
        }
      });
    });
  });

  // TODO: Migrate this into a test for inputs

  var fromAddress = 'mszYqVnqKoQx4jcTdJXxwKAissE3Jbrrc1';
  var simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis = {
    address: fromAddress,
    txId: 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458',
    outputIndex: 0,
    script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
    satoshis: 100000
  };

  var simpleUtxoWith1000000Satoshis = {
    address: fromAddress,
    txId: 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458',
    outputIndex: 0,
    script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
    satoshis: 1000000
  };
  var anyoneCanSpendUTXO = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis));
  anyoneCanSpendUTXO.script = new Script().add('OP_TRUE');
  var toAddress = 'mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc';
  var changeAddress = 'mgBCJAsvzgT2qNNeXsoECg2uPKrUsZ76up';
  var changeAddressP2SH = '2N7T3TAetJrSCruQ39aNrJvYLhG1LJosujf';
  var privateKey = 'cSBnVM4xvxarwGQuAfQFwqDg9k5tErHUHzgWsEfD4zdwUasvqRVY';
  var private1 = '6ce7e97e317d2af16c33db0b9270ec047a91bff3eff8558afb5014afb2bb5976';
  var private2 = 'c9b26b0f771a0d2dad88a44de90f05f416b3b385ff1d989343005546a0032890';
  var public1 = new PrivateKey(private1).publicKey;
  var public2 = new PrivateKey(private2).publicKey;

  var simpleUtxoWith1BTC = {
    address: fromAddress,
    txId: 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458',
    outputIndex: 1,
    script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
    satoshis: 1e8
  };

  var tenth = 1e7;
  var fourth = 25e6;
  var half = 5e7;

  var p2shPrivateKey1 = PrivateKey.fromWIF('cNuW8LX2oeQXfKKCGxajGvqwhCgBtacwTQqiCGHzzKfmpHGY4TE9');
  var p2shPublicKey1 = p2shPrivateKey1.toPublicKey();
  var p2shPrivateKey2 = PrivateKey.fromWIF('cTtLHt4mv6zuJytSnM7Vd6NLxyNauYLMxD818sBC8PJ1UPiVTRSs');
  var p2shPublicKey2 = p2shPrivateKey2.toPublicKey();
  var p2shPrivateKey3 = PrivateKey.fromWIF('cQFMZ5gP9CJtUZPc9X3yFae89qaiQLspnftyxxLGvVNvM6tS6mYY');
  var p2shPublicKey3 = p2shPrivateKey3.toPublicKey();

  var p2shAddress = Address.createMultisig([
    p2shPublicKey1,
    p2shPublicKey2,
    p2shPublicKey3
  ], 2, 'testnet');
  var p2shUtxoWith1BTC = {
    address: p2shAddress.toString(),
    txId: 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458',
    outputIndex: 0,
    script: Script(p2shAddress).toString(),
    satoshis: 1e8
  };

  describe('adding inputs', function() {

    it('adds just once one utxo', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction();
      tx.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      tx.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      tx.inputs.length.should.equal(1);
    });

    describe('isFullySigned', function() {
      it('works for normal p2pkh', function() {
        var transaction = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        transaction.isFullySigned().should.equal(true);
      });
      it('fails when Inputs are not subclassed and isFullySigned is called', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
        expect(function() {
          return tx.isFullySigned();
        }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.UnableToVerifySignature);
      });
      it('fails when Inputs are not subclassed and verifySignature is called', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
        expect(function() {
          return tx.isValidSignature({
            inputIndex: 0
          });
        }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.UnableToVerifySignature);
      });
      it('passes result of input.isValidSignature', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
        tx.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
        tx.inputs[0].isValidSignature = sinon.stub().returns(true);
        var sig = {
          inputIndex: 0
        };
        tx.isValidSignature(sig).should.equal(true);
      });
    });
  });

  describe('change address', function() {
    it('can calculate simply the output amount', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1000000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 500000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      transaction.outputs[1].satoshis.should.equal(400000);
      transaction.outputs[1].script.toString()
        .should.equal(Script.fromAddress(changeAddress).toString());
      var actual = transaction.getChangeOutput().script.toString();
      var expected = Script.fromAddress(changeAddress).toString();
      actual.should.equal(expected);
    });
    it('accepts a P2SH address for change', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1000000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 500000)
        .change(changeAddressP2SH)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      transaction.outputs[1].script.isScriptHashOut().should.equal(true);
    });
    it('can recalculate the change amount', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 50000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .fee(0)
        .sign(privateKey);

      transaction.getChangeOutput().satoshis.should.equal(50000);

      transaction = transaction
        .to(toAddress, 20000)
        .sign(privateKey);

      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(3);
      transaction.outputs[2].satoshis.should.equal(30000);
      transaction.outputs[2].script.toString()
        .should.equal(Script.fromAddress(changeAddress).toString());
    });
    it('adds no fee if no change is available', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 99000)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(1);
    });
    it('adds no fee if no money is available', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 100000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(1);
    });
    it('fee can be set up manually', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 80000)
        .fee(10000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      transaction.outputs[1].satoshis.should.equal(10000);
    });
    it('fee per kb can be set up manually', function() {
      var inputs = _.map(_.range(10), function(i) {
        var utxo = _.clone(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis);
        utxo.outputIndex = i;
        return utxo;
      });
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(inputs)
        .to(toAddress, 950000)
        .feePerKb(8000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction._estimateSize().should.be.within(1000, 1999);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      transaction.outputs[1].satoshis.should.equal(34000);
    });
    it('if satoshis are invalid', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 99999)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs[0]._satoshis = 100;
      transaction.outputs[0]._satoshisBN = new BN(101, 10);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.InvalidSatoshis);
    });
    it('if fee is too small, fail serialization', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 99999)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.FeeError.TooSmall);
    });
    it('on second call to sign, change is not recalculated', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 100000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey)
        .sign(privateKey);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(1);
    });
    it('getFee() returns the difference between inputs and outputs if no change address set', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 1000);
      transaction.getFee().should.equal(99000);
    });
  });

  describe('serialization', function() {
    it('stores the change address correctly', function() {
      var serialized = new Transaction()
        .change(changeAddress)
        .toObject();
      var deserialized = new Transaction(serialized);
      expect(deserialized._changeScript.toString()).to.equal(Script.fromAddress(changeAddress).toString());
      expect(deserialized.getChangeOutput()).to.equal(null);
    });
    it('can avoid checked serialize', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(fromAddress, 1);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw();
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize(true);
      }).to.not.throw();
    });
    it('stores the fee set by the user', function() {
      var fee = 1000000;
      var serialized = new Transaction()
        .fee(fee)
        .toObject();
      var deserialized = new Transaction(serialized);
      expect(deserialized._fee).to.equal(fee);
    });
  });

  describe('checked serialize', function() {
    it('fails if no change address was set', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, 1);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.ChangeAddressMissing);
    });
    it('fails if a high fee was set', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .fee(50000000)
        .to(toAddress, 40000000);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.FeeError.TooLarge);
    });
    it('fails if a dust output is created', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, 545)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.DustOutputs);
    });
    it('doesn\'t fail if a dust output is not dust', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, 546)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.not.throw(errors.Transaction.DustOutputs);
    });
    it('doesn\'t fail if a dust output is an op_return', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .addData('not dust!')
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.not.throw(errors.Transaction.DustOutputs);
    });
    it('fails when outputs and fee don\'t add to total input', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, 99900000)
        .fee(99999)
        .sign(privateKey);
      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.FeeError.Different);
    });
    it('checks output amount before fee errors', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction();
      transaction.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      transaction
        .to(toAddress, 10000000000000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .fee(5);

      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize();
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.InvalidOutputAmountSum);
    });
    it('will throw fee error with disableMoreOutputThanInput enabled (but not triggered)', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction();
      transaction.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      transaction
        .to(toAddress, 84000000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .fee(16000000);

      expect(function() {
        return transaction.serialize({
          disableMoreOutputThanInput: true
        });
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.FeeError.TooLarge);
    });
    describe('skipping checks', function() {
      var buildSkipTest = function(builder, check, expectedError) {
        return function() {
          var transaction = new Transaction();
          transaction.from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
          builder(transaction);

          var options = {};
          options[check] = true;

          expect(function() {
            return transaction.serialize(options);
          }).not.to.throw();
          expect(function() {
            return transaction.serialize();
          }).to.throw(expectedError);
        };
      };
      it('can skip the check for too much fee', buildSkipTest(
        function(transaction) {
          return transaction
            .fee(50000000)
            .change(changeAddress)
            .sign(privateKey);
        }, 'disableLargeFees', errors.Transaction.FeeError.TooLarge
      ));
      it('can skip the check for a fee that is too small', buildSkipTest(
        function(transaction) {
          return transaction
            .fee(1)
            .change(changeAddress)
            .sign(privateKey);
        }, 'disableSmallFees', errors.Transaction.FeeError.TooSmall
      ));
      it('can skip the check that prevents dust outputs', buildSkipTest(
        function(transaction) {
          return transaction
            .to(toAddress, 100)
            .change(changeAddress)
            .sign(privateKey);
        }, 'disableDustOutputs', errors.Transaction.DustOutputs
      ));
      it('can skip the check that prevents unsigned outputs', buildSkipTest(
        function(transaction) {
          return transaction
            .to(toAddress, 10000)
            .change(changeAddress);
        }, 'disableIsFullySigned', errors.Transaction.MissingSignatures
      ));
      it('can skip the check that avoids spending more bitcoins than the inputs for a transaction', buildSkipTest(
        function(transaction) {
          return transaction
            .to(toAddress, 10000000000000)
            .change(changeAddress)
            .sign(privateKey);
        }, 'disableMoreOutputThanInput', errors.Transaction.InvalidOutputAmountSum
      ));
    });
  });

  describe('#verify', function() {

    it('not if _satoshis and _satoshisBN have different values', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from({
          'txId': testPrevTx,
          'outputIndex': 0,
          'script': testScript,
          'satoshis': testAmount
        })
        .to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', testAmount - 10000);

      tx.outputs[0]._satoshis = 100;
      tx.outputs[0]._satoshisBN = new BN('fffffffffffffff', 16);
      var verify = tx.verify();
      verify.should.equal('transaction txout 0 satoshis is invalid');
    });

    it('not if _satoshis is negative', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from({
          'txId': testPrevTx,
          'outputIndex': 0,
          'script': testScript,
          'satoshis': testAmount
        })
        .to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', testAmount - 10000);

      tx.outputs[0]._satoshis = -100;
      tx.outputs[0]._satoshisBN = new BN(-100, 10);
      var verify = tx.verify();
      verify.should.equal('transaction txout 0 satoshis is invalid');
    });

    it('not if transaction is greater than max block size', function() {

      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from({
          'txId': testPrevTx,
          'outputIndex': 0,
          'script': testScript,
          'satoshis': testAmount
        })
        .to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', testAmount - 10000);

      tx.toBuffer = sinon.stub().returns({
        length: 10000000
      });

      var verify = tx.verify();
      verify.should.equal('transaction over the maximum block size');

    });

    it('not if has null input (and not coinbase)', function() {

      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from({
          'txId': testPrevTx,
          'outputIndex': 0,
          'script': testScript,
          'satoshis': testAmount
        })
        .to('mrU9pEmAx26HcbKVrABvgL7AwA5fjNFoDc', testAmount - 10000);

      tx.isCoinbase = sinon.stub().returns(false);
      tx.inputs[0].isNull = sinon.stub().returns(true);
      var verify = tx.verify();
      verify.should.equal('transaction input 0 has null input');

    });

  });

  describe('to and from JSON', function() {
    it('takes a string that is a valid JSON and deserializes from it', function() {
      var simple = new Transaction();
      expect(new Transaction(simple.toJSON()).uncheckedSerialize()).to.equal(simple.uncheckedSerialize());
      var complex = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
        .to(toAddress, 50000)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .sign(privateKey);
      var cj = complex.toJSON();
      var ctx = new Transaction(cj);
      expect(ctx.uncheckedSerialize()).to.equal(complex.uncheckedSerialize());

    });
    it('serializes the `change` information', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction();
      transaction.change(changeAddress);
      expect(transaction.toJSON().changeScript).to.equal(Script.fromAddress(changeAddress).toString());
      expect(new Transaction(transaction.toJSON()).uncheckedSerialize()).to.equal(transaction.uncheckedSerialize());
    });
    it('serializes correctly p2sh multisig signed tx', function() {
      var t = new Transaction(tx2hex);
      expect(t.toString()).to.equal(tx2hex);
      var r = new Transaction(t);
      expect(r.toString()).to.equal(tx2hex);
      var j = new Transaction(t.toObject());
      expect(j.toString()).to.equal(tx2hex);
    });
  });

  describe('serialization of inputs', function() {
    it('can serialize and deserialize a P2PKH input', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      var deserialized = new Transaction(transaction.toObject());
      expect(deserialized.inputs[0] instanceof Transaction.Input.PublicKeyHash).to.equal(true);
    });
    it('can serialize and deserialize a P2SH input', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from({
          txId: '0000', // Not relevant
          outputIndex: 0,
          script: Script.buildMultisigOut([public1, public2], 2).toScriptHashOut(),
          satoshis: 10000
        }, [public1, public2], 2);
      var deserialized = new Transaction(transaction.toObject());
      expect(deserialized.inputs[0] instanceof Transaction.Input.MultiSigScriptHash).to.equal(true);
    });
  });

  describe('checks on adding inputs', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction();
    it('fails if no output script is provided', function() {
      expect(function() {
        transaction.addInput(new Transaction.Input());
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.NeedMoreInfo);
    });
    it('fails if no satoshi amount is provided', function() {
      var input = new Transaction.Input();
      expect(function() {
        transaction.addInput(input);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.NeedMoreInfo);
      expect(function() {
        transaction.addInput(new Transaction.Input(), Script.empty());
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.NeedMoreInfo);
    });
    it('allows output and transaction to be feed as arguments', function() {
      expect(function() {
        transaction.addInput(new Transaction.Input(), Script.empty(), 0);
      }).to.not.throw();
    });
    it('does not allow a threshold number greater than the amount of public keys', function() {
      expect(function() {
        transaction = new Transaction();
        return transaction.from({
          txId: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
          outputIndex: 0,
          script: Script(),
          satoshis: 10000
        }, [], 1);
      }).to.throw('Number of required signatures must be greater than the number of public keys');
    });
    it('will add an empty script if not supplied', function() {
      transaction = new Transaction();
      var outputScriptString = 'OP_2 21 0x038282263212c609d9ea2a6e3e172de238d8c39' +
        'cabd5ac1ca10646e23fd5f51508 21 0x038282263212c609d9ea2a6e3e172de23' +
        '8d8c39cabd5ac1ca10646e23fd5f51508 OP_2 OP_CHECKMULTISIG OP_EQUAL';
      transaction.addInput(new Transaction.Input({
        prevTxId: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
        outputIndex: 0,
        script: new Script()
      }), outputScriptString, 10000);
      transaction.inputs[0].output.script.should.be.instanceof(bitcore.Script);
      transaction.inputs[0].output.script.toString().should.equal(outputScriptString);
    });
  });

  describe('removeInput and removeOutput', function() {
    it('can remove an input by index', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      transaction.inputs.length.should.equal(1);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(simpleUtxoWith1BTC.satoshis);
      transaction.removeInput(0);
      transaction.inputs.length.should.equal(0);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(0);
    });
    it('can remove an input by transaction id', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      transaction.inputs.length.should.equal(1);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(simpleUtxoWith1BTC.satoshis);
      transaction.removeInput(simpleUtxoWith1BTC.txId, simpleUtxoWith1BTC.outputIndex);
      transaction.inputs.length.should.equal(0);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(0);
    });
    it('fails if the index provided is invalid', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC);
      expect(function() {
        transaction.removeInput(2);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.InvalidIndex);
    });
    it('an output can be removed by index', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .to([
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: 40000000},
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: 40000000}
        ])
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      transaction.outputAmount.should.equal(80000000);
      transaction.removeOutput(0);
      transaction.outputs.length.should.equal(1);
      transaction.outputAmount.should.equal(40000000);
    });
  });

  describe('handling the nLockTime', function() {
    var MILLIS_IN_SECOND = 1000;
    var timestamp = 1423504946;
    var blockHeight = 342734;
    var date = new Date(timestamp * MILLIS_IN_SECOND);
    it('handles a null locktime', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction();
      expect(transaction.getLockTime()).to.equal(null);
    });
    it('handles a simple example', function() {
      var future = new Date(2025, 10, 30); // Sun Nov 30 2025
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .lockUntilDate(future);
      transaction.nLockTime.should.equal(future.getTime() / 1000);
      transaction.getLockTime().should.deep.equal(future);
    });
    it('accepts a date instance', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .lockUntilDate(date);
      transaction.nLockTime.should.equal(timestamp);
      transaction.getLockTime().should.deep.equal(date);
    });
    it('accepts a number instance with a timestamp', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .lockUntilDate(timestamp);
      transaction.nLockTime.should.equal(timestamp);
      transaction.getLockTime().should.deep.equal(new Date(timestamp * 1000));
    });
    it('accepts a block height', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .lockUntilBlockHeight(blockHeight);
      transaction.nLockTime.should.equal(blockHeight);
      transaction.getLockTime().should.deep.equal(blockHeight);
    });
    it('fails if the block height is too high', function() {
      expect(function() {
        return new Transaction().lockUntilBlockHeight(5e8);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.BlockHeightTooHigh);
    });
    it('fails if the date is too early', function() {
      expect(function() {
        return new Transaction().lockUntilDate(1);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.LockTimeTooEarly);
      expect(function() {
        return new Transaction().lockUntilDate(499999999);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.LockTimeTooEarly);
    });
    it('fails if the block height is negative', function() {
      expect(function() {
        return new Transaction().lockUntilBlockHeight(-1);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.NLockTimeOutOfRange);
    });
    it('has a non-max sequenceNumber for effective date locktime tx', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .lockUntilDate(date);
      transaction.inputs[0].sequenceNumber
        .should.equal(Transaction.Input.DEFAULT_LOCKTIME_SEQNUMBER);
    });
    it('has a non-max sequenceNumber for effective blockheight locktime tx', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .lockUntilBlockHeight(blockHeight);
      transaction.inputs[0].sequenceNumber
        .should.equal(Transaction.Input.DEFAULT_LOCKTIME_SEQNUMBER);
    });
    it('should serialize correctly for date locktime ', function() {
      var transaction= new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .lockUntilDate(date);
      var serialized_tx = transaction.uncheckedSerialize();
      var copy = new Transaction(serialized_tx);
      serialized_tx.should.equal(copy.uncheckedSerialize());
      copy.inputs[0].sequenceNumber
      .should.equal(Transaction.Input.DEFAULT_LOCKTIME_SEQNUMBER)
    });
    it('should serialize correctly for a block height locktime', function() {
      var transaction= new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .lockUntilBlockHeight(blockHeight);
      var serialized_tx = transaction.uncheckedSerialize();
      var copy = new Transaction(serialized_tx);
      serialized_tx.should.equal(copy.uncheckedSerialize());
      copy.inputs[0].sequenceNumber
      .should.equal(Transaction.Input.DEFAULT_LOCKTIME_SEQNUMBER)
    });
  });

  it('handles anyone-can-spend utxo', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction()
      .from(anyoneCanSpendUTXO)
      .to(toAddress, 50000);
    should.exist(transaction);
  });

  it('handles unsupported utxo in tx object', function() {
    var transaction = new Transaction();
    transaction.fromObject.bind(transaction, JSON.parse(unsupportedTxObj))
      .should.throw('Unsupported input script type: OP_1 OP_ADD OP_2 OP_EQUAL');
  });

  it('will error if object hash does not match transaction hash', function() {
    var tx = new Transaction(tx_1_hex);
    var txObj = tx.toObject();
    txObj.hash = 'a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458';
    (function() {
      var tx2 = new Transaction(txObj);
    }).should.throw('Hash in object does not match transaction hash');
  });

  describe('inputAmount + outputAmount', function() {
    it('returns correct values for simple transaction', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, 40000000);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(100000000);
      transaction.outputAmount.should.equal(40000000);
    });
    it('returns correct values for transaction with change', function() {
      var transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .change(changeAddress)
        .to(toAddress, 1000);
      transaction.inputAmount.should.equal(100000000);
      transaction.outputAmount.should.equal(99900000);
    });
    it('returns correct values for coinjoin transaction', function() {
      // see livenet tx c16467eea05f1f30d50ed6dbc06a38539d9bb15110e4b7dc6653046a3678a718
      var transaction = new Transaction(txCoinJoinHex);
      transaction.outputAmount.should.equal(4191290961);
      expect(function() {
        var ia = transaction.inputAmount;
      }).to.throw('No previous output information');
    });
  });

  describe('output ordering', function() {

    var transaction, out1, out2, out3, out4;

    beforeEach(function() {
      transaction = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to([
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: tenth},
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: fourth}
        ])
        .to(toAddress, half)
        .change(changeAddress);
      out1 = transaction.outputs[0];
      out2 = transaction.outputs[1];
      out3 = transaction.outputs[2];
      out4 = transaction.outputs[3];
    });

    it('allows the user to sort outputs according to a criteria', function() {
      var sorting = function(array) {
        return [array[3], array[2], array[1], array[0]];
      };
      transaction.sortOutputs(sorting);
      transaction.outputs[0].should.equal(out4);
      transaction.outputs[1].should.equal(out3);
      transaction.outputs[2].should.equal(out2);
      transaction.outputs[3].should.equal(out1);
    });

    it('allows the user to randomize the output order', function() {
      var shuffle = sinon.stub(_, 'shuffle');
      shuffle.onFirstCall().returns([out2, out1, out4, out3]);

      transaction._changeIndex.should.equal(3);
      transaction.shuffleOutputs();
      transaction.outputs[0].should.equal(out2);
      transaction.outputs[1].should.equal(out1);
      transaction.outputs[2].should.equal(out4);
      transaction.outputs[3].should.equal(out3);
      transaction._changeIndex.should.equal(2);

      _.shuffle.restore();
    });

    it('fails if the provided function does not work as expected', function() {
      var sorting = function(array) {
        return [array[0], array[1], array[2]];
      };
      expect(function() {
        transaction.sortOutputs(sorting);
      }).to.throw(errors.Transaction.InvalidSorting);
    });

    it('shuffle without change', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction(transaction.toObject()).to(toAddress, half);
      expect(tx.getChangeOutput()).to.be.null;
      expect(function() {
        tx.shuffleOutputs();
      }).to.not.throw(errors.Transaction.InvalidSorting);
    })
  });

  describe('clearOutputs', function() {

    it('removes all outputs and maintains the transaction in order', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
        .to(toAddress, tenth)
        .to([
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: fourth},
          {address: toAddress, satoshis: half}
        ])
        .change(changeAddress);
      tx.clearOutputs();
      tx.outputs.length.should.equal(1);
      tx.to(toAddress, tenth);
      tx.outputs.length.should.equal(2);
      tx.outputs[0].satoshis.should.equal(10000000);
      tx.outputs[0].script.toAddress().toString().should.equal(toAddress);
      tx.outputs[1].satoshis.should.equal(89900000);
      tx.outputs[1].script.toAddress().toString().should.equal(changeAddress);
    });

  });

  describe('BIP69 Sorting', function() {

    it('sorts inputs correctly', function() {
      var from1 = {
        txId: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
        outputIndex: 0,
        script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
        satoshis: 100000
      };
      var from2 = {
        txId: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001',
        outputIndex: 0,
        script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
        satoshis: 100000
      };
      var from3 = {
        txId: '0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001',
        outputIndex: 1,
        script: Script.buildPublicKeyHashOut(fromAddress).toString(),
        satoshis: 100000
      };
      var tx = new Transaction()
        .from(from3)
        .from(from2)
        .from(from1);
      tx.sort();
      tx.inputs[0].prevTxId.toString('hex').should.equal(from1.txId);
      tx.inputs[1].prevTxId.toString('hex').should.equal(from2.txId);
      tx.inputs[2].prevTxId.toString('hex').should.equal(from3.txId);
      tx.inputs[0].outputIndex.should.equal(from1.outputIndex);
      tx.inputs[1].outputIndex.should.equal(from2.outputIndex);
      tx.inputs[2].outputIndex.should.equal(from3.outputIndex);
    });

    it('sorts outputs correctly', function() {
      var tx = new Transaction()
        .addOutput(new Transaction.Output({
          script: new Script().add(Opcode(0)),
          satoshis: 2
        }))
        .addOutput(new Transaction.Output({
          script: new Script().add(Opcode(1)),
          satoshis: 2
        }))
        .addOutput(new Transaction.Output({
          script: new Script().add(Opcode(0)),
          satoshis: 1
        }));
      tx.sort();
      tx.outputs[0].satoshis.should.equal(1);
      tx.outputs[1].satoshis.should.equal(2);
      tx.outputs[2].satoshis.should.equal(2);
      tx.outputs[0].script.toString().should.equal('OP_0');
      tx.outputs[1].script.toString().should.equal('OP_0');
      tx.outputs[2].script.toString().should.equal('0x01');
    });

    describe('bitcoinjs fixtures', function() {

      var fixture = require('../data/bip69.json');

      // returns index-based order of sorted against original
      var getIndexOrder = function(original, sorted) {
        return sorted.map(function (value) {
          return original.indexOf(value);
        });
      };

      fixture.inputs.forEach(function(inputSet) {
        it(inputSet.description, function() {
          var tx = new Transaction();
          inputSet.inputs = inputSet.inputs.map(function(input) {
            var input = new Input({
              prevTxId: input.txId,
              outputIndex: input.vout,
              script: new Script(),
              output: new Output({ script: new Script(), satoshis: 0 })
            });
            input.clearSignatures = function () {};
            return input;
          });
          tx.inputs = inputSet.inputs;
          tx.sort();
          getIndexOrder(inputSet.inputs, tx.inputs).should.deep.equal(inputSet.expected);
        });
      });
      fixture.outputs.forEach(function(outputSet) {
        it(outputSet.description, function() {
          var tx = new Transaction();
          outputSet.outputs = outputSet.outputs.map(function(output) {
            return new Output({
              script: new Script(output.script),
              satoshis: output.value
            });
          });
          tx.outputs = outputSet.outputs;
          tx.sort();
          getIndexOrder(outputSet.outputs, tx.outputs).should.deep.equal(outputSet.expected);
        });
      });

    });
  });
  describe('Replace-by-fee', function() {
    describe('#enableRBF', function() {
      it('only enable inputs not already enabled (0xffffffff)', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0x00000000;
        tx.enableRBF();
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber.should.equal(0x00000000);
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber.should.equal(0xfffffffd);
      });
      it('enable for inputs with 0xffffffff and 0xfffffffe', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0xffffffff;
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber = 0xfffffffe;
        tx.enableRBF();
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber.should.equal(0xfffffffd);
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber.should.equal(0xfffffffd);
      });
    });
    describe('#isRBF', function() {
      it('enable and determine opt-in', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .enableRBF()
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(true);
      });
      it('determine opt-out with default sequence number', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(false);
      });
      it('determine opt-out with 0xfffffffe', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000 + 1e8}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0xfffffffe;
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber = 0xfffffffe;
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(false);
      });
      it('determine opt-out with 0xffffffff', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000 + 1e8}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0xffffffff;
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber = 0xffffffff;
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(false);
      });
      it('determine opt-in with 0xfffffffd (first input)', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000 + 1e8}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0xfffffffd;
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber = 0xffffffff;
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(true);
      });
      it('determine opt-in with 0xfffffffd (second input)', function() {
        var tx = new Transaction()
          .from(simpleUtxoWith1BTC)
          .from(simpleUtxoWith100000Satoshis)
          .to([{address: toAddress, satoshis: 50000 + 1e8}])
          .fee(15000)
          .change(changeAddress)
          .sign(privateKey);
        tx.inputs[0].sequenceNumber = 0xffffffff;
        tx.inputs[1].sequenceNumber = 0xfffffffd;
        tx.isRBF().should.equal(true);
      });
    });
  });
});


var tx_empty_hex = '01000000000000000000';

/* jshint maxlen: 1000 */
var tx_1_hex = '01000000015884e5db9de218238671572340b207ee85b628074e7e467096c267266baf77a4000000006a473044022013fa3089327b50263029265572ae1b022a91d10ac80eb4f32f291c914533670b02200d8a5ed5f62634a7e1a0dc9188a3cc460a986267ae4d58faf50c79105431327501210223078d2942df62c45621d209fab84ea9a7a23346201b7727b9b45a29c4e76f5effffffff0150690f00000000001976a9147821c0a3768aa9d1a37e16cf76002aef5373f1a888ac00000000';
var tx_1_id = '779a3e5b3c2c452c85333d8521f804c1a52800e60f4b7c3bbe36f4bab350b72c';


var tx2hex = '0100000001e07d8090f4d4e6fcba6a2819e805805517eb19e669e9d2f856b41d4277953d640000000091004730440220248bc60bb309dd0215fbde830b6371e3fdc55685d11daa9a3c43828892e26ce202205f10cd4011f3a43657260a211f6c4d1fa81b6b6bdd6577263ed097cc22f4e5b50147522102fa38420cec94843ba963684b771ba3ca7ce1728dc2c7e7cade0bf298324d6b942103f948a83c20b2e7228ca9f3b71a96c2f079d9c32164cd07f08fbfdb483427d2ee52aeffffffff01180fe200000000001976a914ccee7ce8e8b91ec0bc23e1cfb6324461429e6b0488ac00000000';

var unsupportedTxObj = '{"version":1,"inputs":[{"prevTxId":"a477af6b2667c29670467e4e0728b685ee07b240235771862318e29ddbe58458","outputIndex":0,"sequenceNumber":4294967295,"script":"OP_1","output":{"satoshis":1020000,"script":"OP_1 OP_ADD OP_2 OP_EQUAL"}}],"outputs":[{"satoshis":1010000,"script":"OP_DUP OP_HASH160 20 0x7821c0a3768aa9d1a37e16cf76002aef5373f1a8 OP_EQUALVERIFY OP_CHECKSIG"}],"nLockTime":0}';

var txCoinJoinHex = 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