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demod_eas.c
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demod_eas.c
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/*
* demod_eas.c -- Emergency Alert System demodulator
*
* See http://www.nws.noaa.gov/nwr/nwrsame.htm
*
* Copyright (C) 2000
* A. Maitland Bottoms <[email protected]>
*
* Licensed under same terms and based upon the
* demod_afsk12.c -- 1200 baud AFSK demodulator
*
* Copyright (C) 1996
* Thomas Sailer ([email protected], [email protected])
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*/
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include "multimon.h"
#include "filter.h"
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/*
* Standard TCM3105 clock frequency: 4.4336MHz
* Bit Parameters
* The following definitions of a bit are based on a bit period equaling
* 1920 microseconds (± one microsecond).
* a.) The speed is 520.83 bits per second
* b.) Logic zero is 1562.5 Hz.
* c.) Logic one is 2083.3 Hz
*
* preamble is 0xAB sent on wire as LSB first
* 11010101
* start of message header begins with ZCZC
0101101011000010
* message ends with NNNN
* 01110010
*/
#define FREQ_MARK 2083.3 // binary 1 freq, in Hz
#define FREQ_SPACE 1562.5 // binary 0 freq, in Hz
#define FREQ_SAMP 22050 // req'd input sampling rate, in Hz
#define BAUD 520.83 // symbol rate, in Hz
#define PREAMBLE ((unsigned char)0xAB) // preamble byte, MSB first
#define HEADER_BEGIN "ZCZC" // message begin
#define EOM "NNNN" // message end
// Storage options
#define MAX_MSG_LEN 268 // maximum length of EAS message
#define MAX_HEADER_LEN 4 // header length (begin vs end)
#define MAX_STORE_MSG 3 // # of msgs to store and compare
// Signal processing options
#define SUBSAMP 2 // downsampling factor
#define DLL_GAIN_UNSYNC 1/2.0 // DLL gain when unsynchronized
#define DLL_GAIN_SYNC 1/2.0 // DLL gain when synchronized
#define DLL_MAX_INC 8192 // max DLL per-sample shift
#define INTEGRATOR_MAXVAL 10 // sampling integrator bounds
#define MIN_IDENTICAL_MSGS 2 // # of msgs which must be identical
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#define CORRLEN ((int)(FREQ_SAMP/BAUD))
#define SPHASEINC (0x10000u*BAUD*SUBSAMP/FREQ_SAMP)
static float eascorr_mark_i[CORRLEN];
static float eascorr_mark_q[CORRLEN];
static float eascorr_space_i[CORRLEN];
static float eascorr_space_q[CORRLEN];
#define MAX(a,b) (((a)>(b))?(a):(b))
#define MIN(a,b) (((a)<(b))?(a):(b))
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static void eas_init(struct demod_state *s)
{
float f;
int i;
memset(&s->l1.eas, 0, sizeof(s->l1.eas));
memset(&s->l2.eas, 0, sizeof(s->l2.eas));
for (f = 0, i = 0; i < CORRLEN; i++) {
eascorr_mark_i[i] = cos(f);
eascorr_mark_q[i] = sin(f);
f += 2.0*M_PI*FREQ_MARK/FREQ_SAMP;
}
for (f = 0, i = 0; i < CORRLEN; i++) {
eascorr_space_i[i] = cos(f);
eascorr_space_q[i] = sin(f);
f += 2.0*M_PI*FREQ_SPACE/FREQ_SAMP;
}
}
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
static char eas_allowed(char data)
{
// determine if a character is allowed in an EAS frame
// returns true if it is
// high-byte ASCII characters are forbidden
if (data & 0x80)
return 0;
if (data == 13 || data == 10)
// LF and CR are allowed
return 1;
if (data >= 32 || data <= 126)
// These text and punctuation characters are allowed
return 1;
// all other characters forbidden
return 0;
}
static void eas_frame(struct demod_state *s, char data)
{
int i,j = 0;
char * ptr = 0;
if (data)
{
// if we're idle, now we're looking for a header
if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_IDLE)
s->l2.eas.state = EAS_L2_HEADER_SEARCH;
if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_HEADER_SEARCH &&
s->l2.eas.headlen < MAX_HEADER_LEN)
{
// put it in the header buffer if we have room
s->l2.eas.head_buf[s->l2.eas.headlen] = data;
s->l2.eas.headlen++;
}
if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_HEADER_SEARCH &&
s->l2.eas.headlen >= MAX_HEADER_LEN)
{
// test first 4 bytes to see if they are a header
if (!strncmp(s->l2.eas.head_buf, HEADER_BEGIN, s->l2.eas.headlen))
// have found header. keep reading
s->l2.eas.state = EAS_L2_READING_MESSAGE;
else if (!strncmp(s->l2.eas.head_buf, EOM, s->l2.eas.headlen))
// have found EOM
s->l2.eas.state = EAS_L2_READING_EOM;
else
{
// not valid, abort and clear buffer
s->l2.eas.state = EAS_L2_IDLE;
s->l2.eas.headlen = 0;
}
}
else if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_READING_MESSAGE &&
s->l2.eas.msglen <= MAX_MSG_LEN)
{
// space is available; store in message buffer
s->l2.eas.msg_buf[s->l2.eas.msgno][s->l2.eas.msglen] = data;
s->l2.eas.msglen++;
}
}
else
{
// the header has ended
// fill the rest of the buffer will NULs
memset(&s->l2.eas.msg_buf[s->l2.eas.msgno][s->l2.eas.msglen], '\0',
MAX_MSG_LEN - s->l2.eas.msglen);
//s->l2.eas.msg_buf[s->l2.eas.msgno][s->l2.eas.msglen] = '\0';
if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_READING_MESSAGE)
{
// All EAS messages should end in a minus sign ("-")
// trim any trailing characters
ptr = strrchr(&s->l2.eas.msg_buf[s->l2.eas.msgno], '-');
if (ptr)
{
// found. make the next character zero
*(ptr+1) = '\0';
}
// display message if verbosity permits
verbprintf(7, "\n");
verbprintf(1, "%s (part): %s%s\n", s->dem_par->name, HEADER_BEGIN,
s->l2.eas.msg_buf[s->l2.eas.msgno]);
// increment message number
s->l2.eas.msgno += 1;
if (s->l2.eas.msgno >= MAX_STORE_MSG)
s->l2.eas.msgno = 0;
// check for message agreement; 2 of 3 must agree
for (i = 0; i < MAX_STORE_MSG; i++)
{
// if this message is empty or matches the one we've just
// alerted the user to, ignore it.
if (s->l2.eas.msg_buf[i][0] == '\0' ||
!strncmp(s->l2.eas.last_message,
s->l2.eas.msg_buf[i], MAX_MSG_LEN))
continue;
for (j = i+1; j < MAX_STORE_MSG; j++)
{
// test if messages are identical and not a dupe of the
// last message
if (!strncmp(s->l2.eas.msg_buf[i],
s->l2.eas.msg_buf[j],
MAX_MSG_LEN))
{
// store message to prevent dupes
strncpy(s->l2.eas.last_message, s->l2.eas.msg_buf[j],
MAX_MSG_LEN);
// raise the alert and discontinue processing
verbprintf(7, "\n");
verbprintf(0, "%s: %s%s\n", s->dem_par->name, HEADER_BEGIN,
s->l2.eas.last_message);
i = MAX_STORE_MSG;
break;
}
}
}
}
else if (s->l2.eas.state == EAS_L2_READING_EOM)
{
// raise the EOM
verbprintf(0, "%s: %s\n", s->dem_par->name, EOM);
}
// go back to idle
s->l2.eas.state = EAS_L2_IDLE;
s->l2.eas.msglen = 0;
s->l2.eas.headlen = 0;
}
}
static void eas_demod(struct demod_state *s, buffer_t buffer, int length)
{
float f;
unsigned char curbit;
float dll_gain;
if (s->l1.eas.subsamp) {
int numfill = SUBSAMP - s->l1.eas.subsamp;
if (length < numfill) {
s->l1.eas.subsamp += length;
return;
}
buffer.fbuffer += numfill;
length -= numfill;
s->l1.eas.subsamp = 0;
}
// We use a sliding window correlator which advances by SUBSAMP
// each time. One correlator sample is output for each SUBSAMP symbols
for (; length >= SUBSAMP; length -= SUBSAMP, buffer.fbuffer += SUBSAMP) {
f = fsqr(mac(buffer.fbuffer, eascorr_mark_i, CORRLEN)) +
fsqr(mac(buffer.fbuffer, eascorr_mark_q, CORRLEN)) -
fsqr(mac(buffer.fbuffer, eascorr_space_i, CORRLEN)) -
fsqr(mac(buffer.fbuffer, eascorr_space_q, CORRLEN));
// f > 0 if a mark (wireline 1) is detected
// keep the last few correlator samples in s->l1.eas.dcd_shreg
// when we've synchronized to the bit transitions, the dcd_shreg
// will have (nearly) a single value per symbol
s->l1.eas.dcd_shreg <<= 1;
s->l1.eas.dcd_shreg |= (f > 0);
// the integrator is positive for 1 bits, and negative for 0 bits
if (f > 0 && (s->l1.eas.dcd_integrator < INTEGRATOR_MAXVAL))
{
s->l1.eas.dcd_integrator += 1;
}
else if (f < 0 && s->l1.eas.dcd_integrator > -INTEGRATOR_MAXVAL)
{
s->l1.eas.dcd_integrator -= 1;
}
verbprintf(9, "%c", '0'+(s->l1.afsk12.dcd_shreg & 1));
/*
* check if transition occurred on time
*/
if (s->l2.eas.state != EAS_L2_IDLE)
dll_gain = DLL_GAIN_SYNC;
else
dll_gain = DLL_GAIN_UNSYNC;
// want transitions to take place near 0 phase
if ((s->l1.eas.dcd_shreg ^ (s->l1.eas.dcd_shreg >> 1)) & 1) {
if (s->l1.eas.sphase < (0x8000u-(SPHASEINC/8)))
{
// before center; check for decrement
if (s->l1.eas.sphase > (SPHASEINC/2))
{
s->l1.eas.sphase -= MIN((int)((s->l1.eas.sphase)*dll_gain), DLL_MAX_INC);
verbprintf(10,"|-%d|", MIN((int)((s->l1.eas.sphase)*dll_gain), DLL_MAX_INC));
}
}
else
{
// after center; check for increment
if (s->l1.eas.sphase < (0x10000u - SPHASEINC/2))
{
s->l1.eas.sphase += MIN((int)((0x10000u - s->l1.eas.sphase)*
dll_gain), DLL_MAX_INC);
verbprintf(10,"|+%d|", MIN((int)((0x10000u - s->l1.eas.sphase)*
dll_gain), DLL_MAX_INC));
}
}
}
s->l1.eas.sphase += SPHASEINC;
if (s->l1.eas.sphase >= 0x10000u) {
// end of bit period.
s->l1.eas.sphase = 1; //was &= 0xffffu;
s->l1.eas.lasts >>= 1;
// if at least half of the values in the integrator are 1,
// declare a 1 received
s->l1.afsk12.lasts |= ((s->l1.eas.dcd_integrator >= 0) << 7) & 0x80u;
curbit = (s->l1.eas.lasts >> 7) & 0x1u;
verbprintf(9, " ");
verbprintf(7, "%c", '0'+curbit);
// check for sync sequence
// do not resync when we're reading a message!
if (s->l1.eas.lasts == PREAMBLE
&& s->l2.eas.state != EAS_L2_READING_MESSAGE)
{
// sync found; declare current offset as byte sync
s->l1.eas.state = EAS_L1_SYNC;
s->l1.eas.byte_counter = 0;
verbprintf(9, " sync");
}
else if (s->l1.eas.state == EAS_L1_SYNC)
{
s->l1.eas.byte_counter++;
if (s->l1.eas.byte_counter == 8)
{
// lasts now contains one full byte
if (eas_allowed((char) s->l1.eas.lasts))
{
eas_frame(s, (char) s->l1.eas.lasts);
verbprintf(9, " %c", (char)s->l1.eas.lasts);
}
else
{
// character not valid. we have lost our sync
s->l1.eas.state = EAS_L1_IDLE;
eas_frame(s, 0x00);
}
s->l1.eas.byte_counter = 0;
}
}
verbprintf(9, "\n");
}
}
s->l1.eas.subsamp = length;
}
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
const struct demod_param demod_eas = {
"EAS", true, FREQ_SAMP, CORRLEN, eas_init, eas_demod, NULL
};
/* ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */