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<h1>
Late 19th C. - Early 20th C. Topographic</h1>
<hr />
<p>
</p>
<p>
<a href="/indices/mrt/"><img class="topo-intro-thumb" src="/maps/thumbnails/mrt-thumb.png" /></a></p>
<div class="topo-intro">
<p>
<u style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: justify; text-indent: 15.6px; background-color: rgb(244, 244, 233);"><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Droid Serif, serif"><font style="font-size: 13pt;">Военно–Топографичесой Карты </font></font></font></span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Droid Serif, serif"><font style="font-size: 14pt;">E</font></font></font></span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Century Schoolbook L, serif"><font style="font-size: 14pt;">вропейской</font></font></font></span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><font style="font-size: 13pt;"> </font></font></font></span><span style="font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal;"><font color="#000000"><font face="Droid Serif, serif"><font style="font-size: 13pt;">Россйи</font></font></font></span></u></p>
<div>
</div>
<p>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><em><strong>Military Topographic Maps of European Russia </strong></em></span>(MTMER)</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
A set of Cyrillic alphabet, monochrome maps from mid-nineteenth through early twentieth century at the scale of 1:126,000. Provincial boundaries are visible on many editions. Transport routes, rail stations, cemeteries, churches, estates and other cultural symbols are prominent. Cyrillic originals are from various time periods which can be viewed here: <a href="http://www.maps4u.lt/lt/includes/siuntiniai/Z/1_126000_v.2.htm">http://www.maps4u.lt/lt/includes</a><a href="http://www.maps4u.lt/lt/includes/siuntiniai/Z/1_126000_v.2.htm">/siuntiniai/Z/1_126000_v.2.htm</a>. Many German transliterated editions from the WWI era are included in this collection as well as a few post-WWI colored (Cyrillic) editions. The Pale of Settlement boundary has been added to the index image as well as some Jewish communities outside this limit, spotted in red.</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
</div>
<hr class="clear" style="height: 80px;" />
<p>
<a href="/indices/s84/"><img class="topo-intro-thumb" src="/maps/thumbnails/s84indexthumb.jpg" /></a></p>
<div class="topo-intro">
<p font-size:="" new="" style="margin: 0em; line-height: 13.8px;" times="">
</p>
<p font-size:="" new="" style="margin: 0em; line-height: 13.8px;" times="">
<span style="font-size:18px;"><span style="font-family:times new roman,times,serif;"><u background-color:="" droid="" font-size:="" line-height:="" new="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: " text-align:="" text-indent:="" times="">Двухверстовая карта западного пограничного пространства</u></span></span></p>
<div>
<p font-size:="" new="" style="margin: 0em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: " times="">
</p>
<p font-size:="" new="" style="margin: 0em; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: " times="">
</p>
</div>
<p>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><strong><em>Two-verst map of the West Borderland Territory</em> </strong></span>(Russia)</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
A set of maps (scale 1:84,000) spanning the late Tsarist to early Soviet period.</p>
<p>
This series employs contour lines to represent reilef unlike the older style of hacures, used in the <strong><em>Austrian Spezialkarte </em></strong>and <strong>MTMER</strong> above. Later editiions are variously colored, most notably with blue representing water features. Screenshots of various editions can be viewed here: </p>
<p>
<a href="http://www.maps4u.lt/en/maps.php?cat=22">http://www.maps4u.lt/en/maps.php?cat=22</a></p>
<p>
Area of coverage is limited to the western half of the Pale of Settlement, Congress Poland and the Baltic gubernia. Gubernia of the Pale have been colored-in on the original monochrome index map. On the maps, symbols for Jewish cemeteries are common and those for synagogues distinct, where included. In Volozhin itself, (<a href="/indices/zoom/zoomviewer.php?indexname=s84index&displayname=Volozhin&attribution=Library%20of%20Congress&year=1917&fileurl=XV-21_s84_Volozhin_LC_1917.jpg&coordinates=XV-21">section XV-21</a>) two synagogues are visible, a rarety on these images. Gubernia boundaries are included on pre-revolution issues. Some consider this set the original survey from which <a href="/indices/kdwr/"><strong>KdwR</strong></a> was prepared by the Prussian army. An extensive <a href="/indices/mrt/glossary/">glossary</a> is offered to help viewers interpret Cyrillic abbreviations found on the maps. </p>
<p>
In the Library of Congress Catalog: </p>
<p>
<a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5848282&searchId=17169&recPointer=20&recCount=25">https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5848282</a></p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
<a href="/indices/s84/p.php">Full screen active index</a></p>
</div>
<hr class="clear" style="height: 80px;" />
<p>
<a href="/indices/kdwr/"><img class="topo-intro-thumb" src="/maps/thumbnails/G7010_s100_p7-thumb.jpg" /></a></p>
<div class="topo-intro">
<p>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><em><strong>Karte des westlichen Russlands </strong></em></span>(KdwR)</p>
<p>
Topographic maps published by the Prussian military at the turn of the 20th century (scale=1:100,000). The set is based on Russian, and Austrian maps and is not an original survey. All of Congress Poland is included, plus Kowno, Courland, Grodno, most of Wilna, and part of Witebsk, Minsk, and Wolynia gubernias. <strong><em>Spezialkarte </em></strong><strong><em>der </em></strong><strong><em>o</em><em>sterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie </em></strong>(1:75,000) sheets cover some of Galicia at the southern limit of the index and <strong><em>Karte des Deutschen Reiches </em></strong>(1:100,000) fills in the west side of sheets along the boundary with Prussia. Thislatter set of maps can be viewed at the David Rumsey site <a href="https://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/view/search?search=SUBMIT&cat=0&q=KDR&dateRangeStart=&dateRangeEnd=&sort=Pub_List_No_InitialSort%2CPub_Date%2CPub_List_No%2CSeries_No&QuickSearchA=QuickSearchA">here</a>.</p>
<p style="margin-bottom: 0in; line-height: 100%">
<style type="text/css">
@page { margin: 0.79in }
p { margin-bottom: 0.1in; line-height: 115% } </style>
</p>
<p>
<style type="text/css">
@page { margin: 0.79in }
p { margin-bottom: 0.1in; line-height: 115% } </style>
</p>
<p>
In the Library of Congress Catalog:</p>
<p>
<a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5848133&searchId=15261&recPointer=24&recCount=25">https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5848133</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
</blockquote>
</div>
<hr class="clear" style="height: 80px;" />
<p>
<a href="/indices/bohemia-moravia/"><img class="topo-intro-thumb" src="/maps/thumbnails/galiciaindex-small.jpg" /></a></p>
<div class="topo-intro">
<div>
<p>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><em><strong>Spezialkarte der </strong></em><em><strong>ö</strong></em><em><strong>sterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie</strong></em></span></p>
<p>
A set of monochrome topographic maps at the scale of 1:75,000 published by the Austrian military primarily between 1876 and 1918. Relief is depicted by the use of older style hachures and spot heights. Included here are sections of Austrian Galicia and Bukovina. Maps are devoid of symbols for Jewish infrastructure, however symbols for synagogues (not included in the legend) appear in a few later issues. Tavern symbols are ubiquitous. A more extensive set can be found at:</p>
</div>
<p>
<a href="http://igrek.amzp.pl/mapindex.php?cat=KUK075&listtype=standard&listsort=sortoption1">http://igrek.amzp.pl/mapindex.php?cat=KUK075</a></p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
In the Library of Congress catalog:</p>
<p>
<a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5842525&searchId=10337&recPointer=1&recCount=25">https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5842525</a></p>
</div>
<hr class="clear" style="height: 80px;" />
<p>
<a href="/indices/galicia/"><img class="topo-intro-thumb" src="/maps/thumbnails/galiciaindex-small.jpg" /></a></p>
<div class="topo-intro">
<div>
<p>
<span style="font-size:16px;"><em><strong>Spezialkarte der </strong></em><em><strong>ö</strong></em><em><strong>sterreichisch-ungarischen Monarchie</strong></em></span></p>
<p>
A set of monochrome topographic maps at the scale of 1:75,000 published by the Austrian military primarily between 1876 and 1918. Relief is depicted by the use of older style hachures and spot heights. Included here are sections of Austrian Galicia and Bukovina. Maps are devoid of symbols for Jewish infrastructure, however symbols for synagogues (not included in the legend) appear in a few later issues. Tavern symbols are ubiquitous. A more extensive set can be found at:</p>
</div>
<p>
<a href="http://igrek.amzp.pl/mapindex.php?cat=KUK075&listtype=standard&listsort=sortoption1">http://igrek.amzp.pl/mapindex.php?cat=KUK075</a></p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
In the Library of Congress catalog:</p>
<p>
<a href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5842525&searchId=10337&recPointer=1&recCount=25">https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/holdingsInfo?&bibId=5842525</a></p>
</div>
<hr class="clear" style="height: 30px;" />