compiler.h

#ifndef FODOCOMPILER_H
#define FODOCOMPILER_H

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdbool.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
  #include <windows.h>
  #define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
#elif __linux__
  #include <linux/limits.h>
#elif __APPLE__
  #include <limits.h>
#endif

#define FAIL_ERR(message) assert(0 == 1 && message)

#define S_EQ(str, str2) \
        (str && str2 && (strcmp(str, str2) == 0))

// Lexer definitions
#define NUMERIC_CASE  \
  case '0':           \
  case '1':           \
  case '2':           \
  case '3':           \
  case '4':           \
  case '5':           \
  case '6':           \
  case '7':           \
  case '8':           \
  case '9'

#define OPERATOR_CASE_EXCLUDING_DIVISION  \
  case '+':                               \
  case '-':                               \
  case '*':                               \
  case '>':                               \
  case '<':                               \
  case '^':                               \
  case '%':                               \
  case '!':                               \
  case '=':                               \
  case '~':                               \
  case '|':                               \
  case '&':                               \
  case '(':                               \
  case '[':                               \
  case ',':                               \
  case '.':                               \
  case '?'

#define SYMBOL_CASE \
  case '{':         \
  case '}':         \
  case ':':         \
  case ';':         \
  case '#':         \
  case '\\':        \
  case ')':         \
  case ']'

// Codegen definitions
#define STACK_PUSH_SIZE 4
#define C_STACK_ALIGNMENT 16
#define C_ALIGN(size) (size % C_STACK_ALIGNMENT) ? size + (C_STACK_ALIGNMENT - (size % C_STACK_ALIGNMENT)) : size

#define GENERATOR_BEGIN_EXPRESSION(gen)
#define GENERATOR_END_EXPRESSION(gen) gen->end_exp(gen)

// Lexer case defintions end

enum
{
  COMPILER_FILE_COMPILED_OK,
  COMPILER_FAILED_WITH_ERRORS
};

// Compiler options
enum
{
  COMPILE_PROCESS_OUTPUT_ASM = 0b00000001,
  COMPILE_PROCESS_EXECUTE_NASM = 0b00000010,
  COMPILE_PROCESS_EXPORT_AS_OBJECT = 0b00000100
};

// Lexer enums
enum
{
  LEXICAL_ANALYSIS_ALL_OK,
  LEXICAL_ANALYSIS_INPUT_ERROR
};

// Preprocessor run enums
enum
{
  PREPROCESSOR_ALL_OK,
  PREPROCESSOR_GENERAL_ERROR
};

// Parser enums
enum
{
  PARSE_ALL_OK,
  PARSE_GENERAL_ERROR
};

// Validator enums
enum
{
  VALIDATOR_ALL_OK,
  VALIDATOR_GENERAL_ERROR
};

// Codegen enums
enum
{
  CODEGEN_ALL_OK,
  CODEGEN_GENERAL_ERROR
};

// Token types enum
enum
{
  TOKEN_TYPE_IDENTIFIER,
  TOKEN_TYPE_KEYWORD,
  TOKEN_TYPE_OPERATOR,
  TOKEN_TYPE_SYMBOL,
  TOKEN_TYPE_NUMBER,
  TOKEN_TYPE_STRING,
  TOKEN_TYPE_COMMENT,
  TOKEN_TYPE_NEWLINE
};

// Token number type enum
enum
{
  NUMBER_TYPE_NORMAL,
  NUMBER_TYPE_LONG,
  NUMBER_TYPE_FLOAT,
  NUMBER_TYPE_DOUBLE
};

enum
{
  TOKEN_FLAG_IS_CUSTOM_OPERATOR = 0b00000001
};

// Node types enum start

enum
{
  NODE_TYPE_EXPRESSION,
  NODE_TYPE_EXPRESSION_PARENTHESES,
  
  NODE_TYPE_NUMBER,
  NODE_TYPE_IDENTIFIER,
  NODE_TYPE_STRING,
  NODE_TYPE_VARIABLE,
  NODE_TYPE_VARIABLE_LIST,
  NODE_TYPE_FUNCTION,
  NODE_TYPE_BODY,

  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_RETURN,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_IF,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_ELSE,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_WHILE,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_DO_WHILE,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_FOR,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_BREAK,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_CONTINUE,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_SWITCH,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_CASE,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_DEFAULT,
  NODE_TYPE_STATEMENT_GOTO,

  NODE_TYPE_UNARY,
  NODE_TYPE_TENARY,
  NODE_TYPE_LABEL,
  NODE_TYPE_STRUCT,
  NODE_TYPE_UNION,
  NODE_TYPE_BRACKET,
  NODE_TYPE_CAST,
  NODE_TYPE_BLANK
};

// Node types enum end

// Node flags enum
enum
{
  NODE_FLAG_INSIDE_EXPRESSION = 0b00000001,
  NODE_FLAG_IS_FORWARD_DECLARATION = 0b00000010,
  NODE_FLAG_HAS_VARIABLE_COMBINED = 0b00000100
};

// unary flags
enum
{
  UNARY_FLAG_IS_LEFT_OPERAND_UNARY = 0b00000001
};

// < Expressionable definitions start

// < Datatype flags enum start

enum
{
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_SIGNED = 0b00000001,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_STATIC = 0b00000010,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_CONST = 0b00000100,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_POINTER = 0b00001000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_ARRAY = 0b00010000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_EXTERN = 0b00100000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_RESTRICT = 0b01000000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IGNORE_TYPE_CHECKING = 0b10000000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_SECONDARY = 0b100000000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_STRUCT_UNION_NO_NAME = 0b1000000000,
  DATATYPE_FLAG_IS_LITERAL = 0b10000000000
};

// > Datatype flags enum end

// < Data type enum start

enum
{
  DATA_TYPE_VOID,
  DATA_TYPE_CHAR,
  DATA_TYPE_SHORT,
  DATA_TYPE_INTEGER,
  DATA_TYPE_LONG,
  DATA_TYPE_FLOAT,
  DATA_TYPE_DOUBLE,
  DATA_TYPE_STRUCT,
  DATA_TYPE_UNION,
  DATA_TYPE_UNKNOWN
};

enum
{
  DATA_TYPE_EXPECT_PRIMITIVE,
  DATA_TYPE_EXPECT_UNION,
  DATA_TYPE_EXPECT_STRUCT
};

enum
{
  DATA_SIZE_ZERO = 0,
  DATA_SIZE_BYTE = 1,
  DATA_SIZE_WORD = 2,
  DATA_SIZE_DWORD = 4,
  DATA_SIZE_DDWORD = 8
};

// > Data type enum end

// < Structure flags enum start

enum
{
  STRUCT_ACCESS_BACKWARDS = 0b00000001,
  STRUCT_STOP_AT_POINTER_ACCESS = 0b00000010
};

// > Structure flags enum end

// < Symbol type enum start

enum
{
  SYMBOL_TYPE_NODE,
  SYMBOL_TYPE_NATIVE_FUNCTION,
  SYMBOL_TYPE_UNKNOWN
};

// > Symnol type enum end

// < Function flags enum start

enum
{
  // The flag is set for native functions
  FUNCTION_NODE_FLAG_IS_NATIVE = 0b00000001
};

// > Function flags enum end

#define TOTAL_OPERATOR_GROUPS 14
#define MAX_OPERATORS_IN_GROUP 12

enum
{
  ASSOCIATIVITY_LEFT_TO_RIGHT,
  ASSOCIATIVITY_RIGHT_TO_LEFT
};

// < Resolver entity flags enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_IS_STACK = 0b00000001,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_NO_MERGE_WITH_NEXT_ENTITY = 0b00000010,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_NO_MERGE_WITH_LEFT_ENTITY = 0b00000100,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_DO_INDIRECTION = 0b00001000,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_JUST_USE_OFFSET = 0b00010000,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_IS_POINTER_ARRAY_ENTITY = 0b00100000,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_WAS_CASTED = 0b01000000,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_FLAG_USES_ARRAY_BRACKETS = 0b10000000
};

// > Resolver entity flags enum end

// < Resolver entity type enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_VARIABLE,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_FUNCTION,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_NATIVE_FUNCTION,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_STRUCTURE,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_FUNCTION_CALL,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_ARRAY_BRACKET,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_RULE,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_GENERAL,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_UNARY_GET_ADDRESS,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_UNARY_INDIRECTION,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_CAST,
  RESOLVER_ENTITY_TYPE_UNSUPPORTED
};

// > Resolver entity type enum end

// < Resolver scope flags enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_SCOPE_FLAG_IS_STACK = 0b00000001
};

// > Resolver scope flags enum end

// < Resolver result flags enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_FAILED = 0b0000001,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_RUNTIME_NEEDED_TO_FINISH_PATH = 0b00000010,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_PROCESSING_ARRAY_ENTITIES = 0b00000100,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_HAS_POINTER_ARRAY_ACCESS = 0b00001000,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_FIRST_ENTITY_LOAD_TO_EBX = 0b00010000,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_FIRST_ENTITY_PUSH_VALUE = 0b00100000,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_FINAL_INDIRECTION_REQUIRED_FOR_VALUE = 0b01000000,
  RESOLVER_RESULT_FLAG_DOES_GET_ADDRESS = 0b10000000
};

// > Resolver result flags enum end

// < Resolver default entity type enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_TYPE_STACK,
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_TYPE_SYMBOL
};

// > Resolver default entity type enum end

// < Resolver default datatype enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_DATA_TYPE_VARIABLE,
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_DATA_TYPE_FUNCTION,
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_DATA_TYPE_ARRAY_BRACKET
};

// > Resolver default datatype enum end

// < Resolver default flags enum start

enum
{
  RESOLVER_DEFAULT_ENTITY_FLAG_IS_LOCAL_STACK = 0b00000001
};

// > Resolver default flags enum end

// < Codegen enums start

enum
{
  EXPRESSION_FLAG_RIGHT_NODE = 0b0000000000000001,
  EXPRESSION_IN_FUNCTION_CALL_ARGUMENTS = 0b0000000000000010,
  EXPRESSION_IN_FUNCTION_CALL_LEFT_OPERAND = 0b0000000000000100,
  EXPRESSION_IS_ADDITION = 0b0000000000001000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_SUBSTRACTION = 0b0000000000010000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_MULTIPLICATION = 0b0000000000100000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_DIVISION = 0b0000000001000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_FUNCTION_CALL = 0b0000000010000000,
  EXPRESSION_INDIRECTION = 0b0000000100000000,
  EXPRESSION_GET_ADDRESS = 0b0000001000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE = 0b0000010000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE_OR_EQUAL = 0b0000100000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW = 0b0001000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW_OR_EQUAL = 0b0010000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_EQUAL = 0b0100000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_NOT_EQUAL = 0b1000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_AND = 0b10000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_OR = 0b100000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IN_LOGICAL_EXPRESSION = 0b1000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_LEFT = 0b10000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_RIGHT = 0b100000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_OR = 0b1000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_AND = 0b10000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_XOR = 0b100000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_NOT_ROOT_NODE = 0b1000000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_ASSIGNMENT = 0b10000000000000000000000000,
  IS_ALONE_STATEMENT = 0b100000000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_UNARY = 0b1000000000000000000000000000,
  IS_STATMENT_RETURN = 0b10000000000000000000000000000,
  IS_RIGHT_OPERAND_OF_ASSIGNMENT = 0b100000000000000000000000000000,
  IS_LEFT_OPERAND_OF_ASSIGNMENT = 0b1000000000000000000000000000000,
  EXPRESSION_IS_MODULAS = 0b10000000000000000000000000000000
};

#define EXPRESSION_GEN_MATHABLE (     \
  EXPRESSION_IS_ADDITION  |           \
  EXPRESSION_IS_SUBSTRACTION |        \
  EXPRESSION_IS_MULTIPLICATION |      \
  EXPRESSION_IS_DIVISION |            \
  EXPRESSION_IS_MODULAS |             \
  EXPRESSION_IS_FUNCTION_CALL |       \
  EXPRESSION_INDIRECTION |            \
  EXPRESSION_GET_ADDRESS |            \
  EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE |               \
  EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE_OR_EQUAL |      \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW |               \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW_OR_EQUAL |      \
  EXPRESSION_IS_EQUAL |               \
  EXPRESSION_IS_NOT_EQUAL |           \
  EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_AND |            \
  EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_OR |             \
  EXPRESSION_IN_LOGICAL_EXPRESSION |  \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_LEFT |       \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_RIGHT |      \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_AND |         \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_OR |          \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_XOR           \
)

#define EXPRESSION_UNINHERITABLE_FLAGS ( \
  EXPRESSION_FLAG_RIGHT_NODE | EXPRESSION_IN_FUNCTION_CALL_ARGUMENTS | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_ADDITION | EXPRESSION_IS_MODULAS | EXPRESSION_IS_SUBSTRACTION | EXPRESSION_IS_MULTIPLICATION | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_DIVISION | EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE | EXPRESSION_IS_ABOVE_OR_EQUAL | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW | EXPRESSION_IS_BELOW_OR_EQUAL | EXPRESSION_IS_EQUAL | EXPRESSION_IS_NOT_EQUAL | \
  EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_AND | EXPRESSION_LOGICAL_OR | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_LEFT | EXPRESSION_IS_BITSHIFT_RIGHT | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_AND | EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_OR | EXPRESSION_IS_BITWISE_XOR | \
  EXPRESSION_IS_ASSIGNMENT | IS_ALONE_STATEMENT \
)

// > Codegen enums end

// < Expressionable definitions start

struct expressionable_op_precedence_group
{
  char* operators[MAX_OPERATORS_IN_GROUP];
  int associativity;
};

// > Expressionable definitions end

struct pos
{
  int line;
  int col;
  const char* filename;
};

struct token
{
  int type;
  int flags;
  struct pos pos;

  union
  {
    char cval;
    const char* sval;
    unsigned int inum;
    unsigned long lnum;
    unsigned long long llnum;
    void* any;
  };

  struct token_number
  {
    int type;
  } num;

  // True if there is whitespace between the token and the next token
  // i.e "* a" for operator token "*" would mean whitespace would be set for token "a"
  bool whitespace;

  // (5+10+20)
  const char* between_brackets;

  // Anything between function call arguments. ABC(hello world)
  const char* between_arguments;
};

struct lex_process;
typedef char (*LEX_PROCESS_NEXT_CHAR)(struct lex_process* lex_process);
typedef char (*LEX_PROCESS_PEEK_CHAR)(struct lex_process* lex_process);
typedef void (*LEX_PROCESS_PUSH_CHAR)(struct lex_process* lex_process, char c);

struct lex_process_functions
{
  LEX_PROCESS_NEXT_CHAR next_char;
  LEX_PROCESS_PEEK_CHAR peek_char;
  LEX_PROCESS_PUSH_CHAR push_char;
};

struct lex_process
{
  struct pos pos;
  struct vector* token_vec;
  struct compile_process* compiler;

  // ((50))
  int current_expression_count;

  struct buffer* parentheses_buffer;
  struct buffer* argument_string_buffer;
  struct lex_process_functions* function;

  // This will be private data that the lexer does not understand
  // but the person using the lexer does understand
  void* private;
};

// < Scope structure start

struct scope
{
  int flags;

  // type of void*
  struct vector* entities;

  // The total number of bytes this scope uses. Aligned to 16 bits
  size_t size;

  // NULL if no parent
  struct scope* parent;
};

// > Scope structure end

// < Codegen structure start

struct code_generator
{
  struct generator_switch_stmt
  {
    struct generator_switch_stmt_entity
    {
      int id;
    } current;

    // Vector of generator_switch_stmt_entity
    struct vector* switches;
  } _switch;

  // Vector of struct string_table_element*
  struct vector* string_table;

  // Vector of struct codegen_entry_point*
  struct vector* entry_points;
  // Vector of struct codegen_exit_point*
  struct vector* exit_points;

  // Vector of const char* that will go in the data section
  struct vector* custom_data_section;

  // Vector of struct response*
  struct vector* responses;
};

// > Codegen structure end

struct compile_process
{
  // The flags in regards to how this file should be compiled
  int flags;

  struct pos pos;
  struct compile_process_input_file
  {
    FILE* fp;
    const char* abs_path;
  } cfile;

  // Untampered token vector, contains defintions and source code tokens, the preprocessor
  // will go through this vector and populate the "token_vec" vector after it is done
  struct vector* token_vec_original;

  // A vector of tokens from lexical analysis
  struct vector* token_vec;

  struct vector* node_vec;
  struct vector* node_tree_vec;

  FILE* ofile;

  struct
  {
    struct scope* root;
    struct scope* current;
  } scope;

  struct
  {
    // Current active symbol table, struct symbol*
    struct vector* table;

    // Multiple symbol tables stored in here, struct vector*
    struct vector* tables;
  } symbols;

  // Pointer to our codegenerator
  struct code_generator* generator;
  struct resolver_process* resolver;

  // A vector of const char* the represents include directories
  struct vector* include_dirs;
  struct preprocessor* preprocessor;
};

// < Symbol structure start

struct symbol
{
  const char* name;
  int type;
  void* data;
};

// > Symbol structure end

// < Array brackets structure start

struct array_brackets
{
  // A vector of struct node*
  struct vector* n_brackets;
};

// > Array brackets structure end

// < Dataype structure start

struct node;
struct datatype
{
  int flags;
  // i.e type of long, int, float etc...
  int type;

  // i.e long int, int being the secondary
  struct datatype* secondary;

  // long
  const char* type_str;

  // The size of the datatype
  size_t size;
  int pointer_depth;

  union
  {
    struct node* struct_node;
    struct node* union_node;
  };

  struct array
  {
    struct array_brackets* brackets;
    
    // The total array size: equation = DATATYPE_SIZE * EACH_INDEX
    size_t size;
  } array;
};

// > Dataype structure end

// < Switch cases structure start

struct parsed_switch_case
{
  // Index of the parsed case
  int index;
};

// > Switch cases structure end

// < Stack frame structure start

struct stack_frame
{
  // A vector of struct stack_frame_element
  struct vector* elements;
};

// > Stack frame structure end

// < Unary structure start

struct node;
struct unary
{
  int flags;
  // "*" for pointer accss... *** even for multiple pointer access only the first
  // operator is here
  const char* op;
  struct node* operand;
  union
  {
    struct indirection
    {
      // The pointer depth
      int depth;
    } indirection;
  };
};

// > Unary structure end

// < Node structure start

struct node
{
  int type;
  int flags;

  struct pos pos;

  struct node_binded
  {
    // Pointer to our body node
    struct node* owner;

    // Pointer to the function this node is in
    struct node* function;
  } binded;

  union
  {
    struct exp
    {
      struct node* left;
      struct node* right;
      const char* op;
    } exp;

    struct parenthesis
    {
      // The expression inside the parenthesis node
      struct node* exp;
    } parenthesis;

    struct var
    {
      struct datatype type;
      int padding;
      // Aligned offset
      int aoffset;
      const char* name;
      struct node* val;
    } var;

    struct varlist
    {
      // A list of struct node* variables
      struct vector* list; 
    } var_list;

    struct node_tenary
    {
      struct node* true_node;
      struct node* false_node;
    } tenary;

    struct bracket
    {
      // int x[50]; [50] would be out bracket node. The inner node would be NODE_TYPE_VARIABLE with a value of 50
      struct node* inner;
    } bracket;

    struct _struct
    {
      const char* name;
      struct node* body_n;

      /**
       * struct abc
       * {
       * 
       * } var_name;
       * 
       * NULL if no variable attached to structure
       */
      struct node* var;
    } _struct;

    struct _union
    {
      const char* name;
      struct node* body_n;

      struct node* var;
    } _union;

    struct body
    {
      // struct node* vector of statements
      struct vector* statements;

      // The size of combined variables inside this body
      size_t size;

      // True if the variable size has to be increased due to padding in the body
      bool padded;

      // A pointer to the largest variable node in the statements vector
      struct node* largest_var_node;
    } body;

    struct function
    {
      // Special flags
      int flags;
      // Return type i.e void, int, long ....
      struct datatype rtype;

      // I.e function name "main"
      const char* name;

      struct function_arguments
      {
        // Vector of struct node* must be NODE_TYPE_VARIABLE
        struct vector* vector;

        // How much to add to the EBP to find the first argument
        size_t stack_addition;
      } args;

      // Pointer to the function body node, NULL if this is a function prototype
      struct node* body_n;

      struct stack_frame frame;

      // The stack size for all variables inside this function
      size_t stack_size;
    } func;

    struct statement
    {
      struct return_stmt
      {
        // The expression of the return
        struct node* exp;
      } return_stmt;

      struct if_stmt
      {
        // if (COND) { // body }
        struct node* cond_node;
        struct node* body_node;

        // if (COND) {} else {}
        struct node* next;
      } if_stmt;

      struct else_stmt
      {
        struct node* body_node;
      } else_stmt;

      struct for_stmt
      {
        struct node* init_node;
        struct node* cond_node;
        struct node* loop_node;
        struct node* body_node;
      } for_stmt;

      struct while_stmt
      {
        struct node* exp_node;
        struct node* body_node;
      } while_stmt;

      struct do_while_stmt
      {
        struct node* exp_node;
        struct node* body_node;
      } do_while_stmt;

      struct switch_stmt
      {
        struct node* exp_node;
        struct node* body_node;
        struct vector* cases;
        bool has_default_case;
      } switch_stmt;

      struct case_stmt
      {
        struct node* exp;
      } case_stmt;

      struct goto_stmt
      {
        struct node* label;
      } goto_stmt;
    } stmt;

    struct node_label
    {
      struct node* name;
    } label;

    struct cast
    {
      struct datatype dtype;
      struct node* operand;
    } cast;

    struct unary unary;
  };

  union
  {
    char cval;
    const char* sval;
    unsigned int inum;
    unsigned long lnum;
    unsigned long long llnum;
  };
};

// > Node structure end

// < Resolver function pointers start

struct resolver_scope;
struct resolver_result;
struct resolver_entity;
struct resolver_process;

typedef void* (*RESOLVER_NEW_ARRAY_BRACKET_ENTITY)(struct resolver_result* result, struct node* array_entity_node);
typedef void (*RESOLVER_DELETE_SCOPE)(struct resolver_scope* scope);
typedef void (*RESOLVER_DELETE_ENTITY)(struct resolver_entity* entity);
typedef void* (*RESOLVER_MAKE_PRIVATE)(struct resolver_entity* entity, struct node* node, int offset, struct resolver_scope* scope);
typedef void (*RESOLVER_SET_RESULT_BASE)(struct resolver_result* result, struct resolver_entity* base_entity);
typedef struct resolver_entity* (*RESOLVER_MERGE_ENTITIES)(struct resolver_process* process, struct resolver_result* result, struct resolver_entity* left_entity, struct resolver_entity* right_entity);

// > Resolver function pointers end

// < Resolver structures start

struct resolver_array_data
{
  // A vector that holds nodes of type resolver_entity
  struct vector* array_entities;
};

struct resolver_scope
{
  // Resolver scope flags
  int flags;
  struct vector* entities;
  struct resolver_scope* next;
  struct resolver_scope* prev;

  // Private data for the resolver scope
  void* private;
};

struct resolver_callbacks
{
  RESOLVER_NEW_ARRAY_BRACKET_ENTITY new_array_entity;
  RESOLVER_DELETE_SCOPE delete_scope;
  RESOLVER_DELETE_ENTITY delete_entity;
  RESOLVER_MAKE_PRIVATE make_private;
  RESOLVER_SET_RESULT_BASE set_result_base;
  RESOLVER_MERGE_ENTITIES merge_entities;
};

struct resolver_process
{
  struct resolver_scopes
  {
    struct resolver_scope* root;
    struct resolver_scope* current;
  } scope;

  struct compile_process* compiler;
  struct resolver_callbacks callbacks;
};

struct resolver_result
{
  // This is the first entity in our resolver result
  struct resolver_entity* first_entity_const;

  // This entity represents the variable at the start of this expression
  struct resolver_entity* identifier;

  // Equals to the last structure or union entity discovered
  struct resolver_entity* last_struct_union_entity;

  struct resolver_array_data array_data;

  // The root entity of our result
  struct resolver_entity* root_entity;

  // The last entity of our result
  struct resolver_entity* last_entity;

  int flags;
  // The total number of entities
  size_t count;

  struct resolver_result_base
  {
    // [ebp-4], [name+4]
    char address[60];
    // EBP, global_variable_name
    char base_address[60];
    // -4
    int offset;
  } base;
};

struct resolver_entity_rule
{
  struct resolver_entity_rule_left
  {
    int flags;
  } left;

  struct resolver_entity_rule_right
  {
    int flags;
  } right;
};

struct resolver_entity
{
  int type;
  int flags;

  // The name of the resolved entity
  // i.e funciton name, variable name ...
  const char* name;

  // The offset from the stack (EBP+offset)
  int offset;

  // This is the node that the entity is relating to
  struct node* node;

  union
  {
    struct resolver_entity_var_data
    {
      struct datatype dtype;
      struct resolver_array_runtime_
      {
        struct datatype dtype;
        struct node* index_node;
        int multiplier;
      } array_runtime;
    } var_data;

    struct resolver_entity_array
    {
      struct datatype dtype;
      struct node* array_index_node;
      int index;
    } array;

    struct resolver_entity_function_call_data
    {
      // A vector of type struct node*
      struct vector* arguments;
      // The total bytes used by the function call
      size_t stack_size;
    } func_call_data;

    struct resolver_entity_rule rule;

    struct resolver_entity_indirection
    {
      // How much is the depth we need to find the value
      int depth;
    } indirection;

    struct resolver_native_function
    {
      struct symbol* symbol;
    } native_func;
  };

  struct entity_last_resolve
  {
    struct node* referencing_node;
  } last_resolve;

  // The datatype of the resolver entity
  struct datatype dtype;

  // The scope that this entity belongs to
  struct resolver_scope* scope;

  // The result of the resolution
  struct resolver_result* result;

  // The resolver process
  struct resolver_process* resolver;

  // Private data that only the resolver entity creator knows about
  void* private;

  // The next entity
  struct resolver_entity* next;
  // The previous entity
  struct resolver_entity* prev;
};

// > Resolver strctures end

// < Resolver default structres start

struct resolver_default_scope_data
{
  int flags;
};

struct resolver_default_entity_data
{
  // i.e variable, function, structure
  int type;
  // This is the address: [ebp-4], [var_name+4]
  char address[60];
  // ebp, var_name
  char base_address[60];
  // -4
  int offset;
  // Flags relating to the entity data
  int flags;
};

// > Resolver default structures end

// < Native functions structures start

struct generator;
struct native_function;
struct generator_entity_address;

typedef void (*ASM_PUSH_PROTOTYPE)(const char* ins, ...);
typedef void (*GENERATOR_FUNCTION_RETURN)(struct datatype* dtype, const char* fmt, ...);
typedef void (*NATIVE_FUNCTION_CALL)(struct generator* generator, struct native_function* func, struct vector* arguments);
typedef void (*GENERATOR_GENERATE_EXPRESSION)(struct generator* generator, struct node* node, int flags);
typedef void (*GENERATOR_END_EXPRESSION)(struct generator* generator);
typedef void (*GENERATOR_ENTITY_ADDRESS)(struct generator* generator, struct resolver_entity* entity, struct generator_entity_address* address_out);

struct generator_entity_address
{
  bool is_stack;
  long offset;
  const char* address;
  const char* base_address;
};

struct generator
{
  ASM_PUSH_PROTOTYPE asm_push;
  GENERATOR_FUNCTION_RETURN ret;
  GENERATOR_GENERATE_EXPRESSION gen_exp;
  GENERATOR_END_EXPRESSION end_exp;
  GENERATOR_ENTITY_ADDRESS entity_address;

  struct compile_process* compiler;

  // Private data for the generator
  void* private;
};

struct native_function_callbacks
{
  NATIVE_FUNCTION_CALL call;
};

struct native_function
{
  const char* name;
  struct native_function_callbacks callbacks;
};

// > Native functions structures end

// Compiler error & warning functions
void compiler_node_error(struct node* node, const char* msg, ...);
void compiler_error(struct compile_process* compiler, const char* msg, ...);
void compiler_warning(struct compile_process* compiler, const char* msg, ...);

int compile_file(const char* filename, const char* out_filename, int flags);

struct compile_process* compile_process_create(const char* filename, const char* filename_out, int flags, struct compile_process* parent_process);

// Compiler lex_process_functions from cprocess
char compile_process_next_char(struct lex_process* lex_process);
char compile_process_peek_char(struct lex_process* lex_process);
void compile_process_push_char(struct lex_process* lex_process, char c);

// Lexer functions
int lex(struct lex_process* process);
// Parse function
int parse(struct compile_process* process);
// Validator function
int validate(struct compile_process* process);
// Codegen funciton
int codegen(struct compile_process* process);
// Codegen register function
struct code_generator* codegenerator_new(struct compile_process* process);

// Preprocessor global functions
struct preprocessor* preprocessor_create(struct compile_process* compiler);
int preprocessor_run(struct compile_process* compiler);

// Native function halpers
struct native_function* native_function_get(struct compile_process* compiler, const char* name);
struct symbol* native_create_function(struct compile_process* compiler, const char* name, struct native_function_callbacks* callbacks);

// Compile process helper functions
const char* compiler_include_dir_begin(struct compile_process* process);
const char* compiler_include_dir_next(struct compile_process* process);
struct compile_process* compile_include(const char* filename, struct compile_process* parent_process);

// Lexer helper functions
bool keyword_is_datatype(const char* str);

/**
 * @brief Builds tokens for the input string
 * 
 * @param compiler struct compile_process*
 * @param str const char*
 * @return struct lex_process* 
 */
struct lex_process* tokens_build_for_string(struct compile_process* compiler, const char* str);

// Lexer process functions
struct lex_process* lex_process_create(struct compile_process* compiler, struct lex_process_functions* functions, void* private);
void lex_process_free(struct lex_process* process);
void* lex_process_private(struct lex_process* process);
struct vector* lex_process_tokens(struct lex_process* process);

// Token helper functions
bool token_is_identifier(struct token* token);
bool token_is_keyword(struct token* token, const char* value);
bool token_is_symbol(struct token* token, char c);
bool token_is_operator(struct token* token, const char* val);
bool is_operator_token(struct token* token);
bool token_is_nl_comment_or_newline_seperator(struct token* token);
bool token_is_primitive_keyword(struct token* token);
struct vector* tokens_join_vector(struct compile_process* compiler, struct vector* token_vec);

// Datatype helper functions
bool datatype_is_struct_or_union_for_name(const char* name);
bool datatype_is_struct_or_union(struct datatype* dtype);
bool datatype_is_primitive(struct datatype* dtype);
bool datatype_is_struct_or_union_non_pointer(struct datatype* dtype);
size_t datatype_size(struct datatype* dtype);
size_t datatype_size_for_array_access(struct datatype* dtype);
size_t datatype_element_size(struct datatype* dtype);
size_t datatype_size_no_ptr(struct datatype* dtype);
struct datatype datatype_for_numeric();
struct datatype datatype_for_string();
void datatype_set_void(struct datatype* dtype);

// < Node functions start

void node_set_vector(struct vector* vec, struct vector* root_vec);
void node_push(struct node* node);
struct node* node_peek_or_null();
struct node* node_peek();
struct node* node_pop();
bool node_is_expressionable(struct node* node);
bool node_is_struct_or_union(struct node* node);
bool node_is_struct_or_union_variable(struct node* node);
bool variable_node_is_primitive(struct node* node);
bool node_is_expression_or_parentheses(struct node* node);
bool node_is_value_type(struct node* node);
bool node_is_expression(struct node* node, const char* op);
bool is_assignment_node(struct node* node);
bool node_is_valid(struct node* node);
bool function_node_is_prototype(struct node* node);
struct node* node_peek_expressionable_or_null();
struct node* variable_node(struct node* node);
struct node* variable_node_or_list(struct node* node);
size_t function_node_argument_stack_addition(struct node* node);
size_t function_node_stack_size(struct node* node);
struct vector* function_node_argument_vec(struct node* node);
struct node* node_create(struct node* _node);
void make_exp_node(struct node* left_node, struct node* right_node, const char* op);
void make_tenary_node(struct node* true_node, struct node* false_node);
void make_exp_parenthesis_node(struct node* exp_node);
void make_bracket_node(struct node* node);
void make_body_node(struct vector* body_vec, size_t size, bool padded, struct node* largest_var_node);
void make_struct_node(const char* name, struct node* body_node);
void make_union_node(const char* name, struct node* body_node);
void make_function_node(struct datatype* ret_type, const char* name, struct vector* arguments, struct node* body_node);
void make_return_node(struct node* exp_node);
void make_if_node(struct node* cond_node, struct node* body_node, struct node* next_node);
void make_else_node(struct node* body_node);
void make_for_node(struct node* init_node, struct node* cond_node, struct node* loop_node, struct node* body_node);
void make_while_node(struct node* exp_node, struct node* body_node);
void make_do_while_node(struct node* body_node, struct node* exp_node);
void make_switch_node(struct node* exp_node, struct node* body_node, struct vector* cases, bool has_default_case);
void make_case_node(struct node* exp_node);
void make_default_node();
void make_break_node();
void make_continue_node();
void make_goto_node(struct node* label_node);
void make_label_node(struct node* name_node);
void make_cast_node(struct datatype* dtype, struct node* operand_node);
void make_unary_node(const char* op, struct node* operand_node, int flags);
struct node* node_from_sym(struct symbol* sym);
struct node* node_from_symbol(struct compile_process* current_process, const char* name);
struct node* struct_node_for_name(struct compile_process* current_process, const char* name);
struct node* union_node_for_name(struct compile_process* current_process, const char* name);

// > Node function end

// < Scope helper function start

struct scope* scope_new(struct compile_process* process, int flags);
struct scope* scope_create_root(struct compile_process* process);
void scope_free_root(struct compile_process* process);
void scope_iteration_start(struct scope* scope);
void scope_iteration_end(struct scope* scope);
void* scope_iterate_back(struct scope* scope);
void* scope_last_entity_at_scope(struct scope* scope);
void* scope_last_entity_from_scope_stop_at(struct scope* scope, struct scope* stop_scope);
void* scope_last_entity_stop_at(struct compile_process* process, struct scope* stop_scope);
void* scope_last_entity(struct compile_process* process);
void scope_push(struct compile_process* process, void* ptr, size_t elem_size);
void scope_finish(struct compile_process* proces);
struct scope* scope_current(struct compile_process* process);

// > Scope helper functions end

// < Array helper funtions start

struct array_brackets* array_brackets_new();
void array_brackets_free(struct array_brackets* brackets);
void array_brackets_add(struct array_brackets* brackets, struct node* bracket_node);
struct vector* array_brackets_node_vector(struct array_brackets* brackets);
size_t array_brackets_count(struct datatype* dtype);
size_t array_brackets_calculate_size_from_index(struct datatype* dtype, struct array_brackets* brackets, int index);
size_t array_brackets_calculate_size(struct datatype* dtype, struct array_brackets* brackets);
int array_total_indexes(struct datatype* dtype);

// > Array helper functions end

// < Symbol resolver helper functions start

void symresolver_initialize(struct compile_process* process);
void symresolver_new_table(struct compile_process* process);
void symresolver_end_table(struct compile_process* process);
struct symbol* symresolver_get_symbol(struct compile_process* process, const char* name);
void symresolver_build_for_node(struct compile_process* process, struct node* node);
struct symbol* symresolver_get_symbol_for_native_function(struct compile_process* process, const char* name);
struct symbol* symresolver_register_symbol(struct compile_process* process, const char* sym_name, int type, void* data);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_get_variable_from_local_scope(struct resolver_process* resolver, const char* var_name);

// > Symbol resolver helper functions end

// < Resolver helper functions start

bool resolver_result_ok(struct resolver_result* result);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_result_entity_root(struct resolver_result* result);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_result_entity_next(struct resolver_entity* entity);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_result_entity(struct resolver_result* result);
struct resolver_scope* resolver_new_scope(struct resolver_process* resolver, void* private, int flags);
void resolver_finish_scope(struct resolver_process* resolver);
struct resolver_process* resolver_new_process(struct compile_process* compiler, struct resolver_callbacks* callbacks);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_new_entity_for_var_node(struct resolver_process* process, struct node* var_node, void* private, int offset);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_make_entity(struct resolver_process* process, struct resolver_result* result, struct datatype* custom_dtype, struct node* node, struct resolver_entity* guided_entity, struct resolver_scope* scope);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_register_function(struct resolver_process* process, struct node* func_node, void* private);
struct resolver_result* resolver_follow(struct resolver_process* resolver, struct node* node);

// > Resolver helper functions end

// < Resolver default helper functions start

struct resolver_default_entity_data* resolver_default_entity_private(struct resolver_entity* entity);
struct resolver_default_scope_data* resolver_default_scope_private(struct resolver_scope* scope);
char* resolver_default_stack_asm_address(int stack_offset, char* out);
void resolver_default_global_asm_address(const char* name, int offset, char* address_out);
void resolver_default_entity_data_set_address(struct resolver_default_entity_data* entity_data, struct node* var_node, int offset, int flags);
struct resolver_default_entity_data* resolver_default_new_entity_data();
void* resolver_default_make_private(struct resolver_entity* entity, struct node* node, int offset, struct resolver_scope* scope);
void resolver_default_set_result_base(struct resolver_result* result, struct resolver_entity* base_entity);
struct resolver_default_entity_data* resolver_default_new_entity_data_for_var_node(struct node* var_node, int offset, int flags);
struct resolver_default_entity_data* resolver_default_new_entity_data_for_array_bracket(struct node* bracket_node);
struct resolver_default_entity_data* resolver_default_new_entity_data_for_function(struct node* func_node, int flags);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_default_new_scope_entity(struct resolver_process* resolver, struct node* var_node, int offset, int flags);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_default_register_function(struct resolver_process* resolver, struct node* func_node, int flags);
void resolver_default_new_scope(struct resolver_process* resolver, int flags);
void resolver_default_finish_scope(struct resolver_process* resolver);
void* resolver_default_new_array_entity(struct resolver_result* result, struct node* array_entity_node);
void resolver_default_delete_entity(struct resolver_entity* entity);
void resolver_default_delete_scope(struct resolver_scope* scope);
struct resolver_entity* resolver_default_merge_entities(struct resolver_process* resolver, struct resolver_result* result, struct resolver_entity* left_entity, struct resolver_entity* right_entity);
struct resolver_process* resolver_default_new_process(struct compile_process* compiler);

// > Resolver default helper functions end

// < General helper functions start

/**
 * @brief Gets the variable size from the given variable node
 * 
 * @param var_node 
 * @return size_t 
 */
size_t variable_size(struct node* var_node);

/**
 * @brief Sums the variable size of all variable nodes inside the variable list node
 * Returns the result
 * 
 * @param var_list_node 
 * @return size_t The sum of all variable node sizes in the list
 */
size_t variable_size_for_list(struct node* var_list_node);
struct node* variable_struct_or_union_body_node(struct node* node);
struct node* body_largest_variable_node(struct node* body_node);
struct node* variable_struct_or_union_largest_variable_node(struct node* var_node);
int padding(int val, int to);
int align_value(int val, int to);
int align_value_treat_positive(int val, int to);
int compute_sum_padding(struct vector* vec);
int array_multiplier(struct datatype* dtype, int index, int index_value);
int array_offset(struct datatype* dtype, int index, int index_value);
int struct_offset(struct compile_process* compiel_proc, const char* struct_name, const char* var_name, struct node** var_node_out, int last_pos, int flags);
bool is_access_operator(const char* op);
bool is_access_node(struct node* node);
bool is_access_node_with_op(struct node* node, const char* op);
bool is_array_operator(const char* op);
bool is_array_node(struct node* node);
bool is_parentheses_operator(const char* op);
bool is_parentheses_node(struct node* node);
bool is_argument_operator(const char* op);
bool is_argument_node(struct node* node);
bool is_unary_operator(const char* op);
bool is_left_operand_unary_operator(const char* op);
bool is_indirection_operator(const char* op);
bool is_address_operator(const char* op);
bool is_logical_operator(const char* op);
bool is_logical_node(struct node* node);
bool is_parentheses(const char* op);
bool unary_operand_compatible(struct token* token);
void datatype_decrement_pointer(struct datatype* dtype);
struct datatype* datatype_thats_a_pointer(struct datatype* d1, struct datatype* d2);
struct datatype* datatype_pointer_reduce(struct datatype* datatype, int by);
long arithmetic(struct compile_process* compiler, long left_operand, long right_operand, const char* op, bool* success);
bool file_exists(const char* filename);

// > General helper functions end

#endif