libheif

libheif is an ISO/IEC 23008-12:2017 HEIF and AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) file format decoder and encoder.

HEIF and AVIF are new image file formats employing HEVC (h.265) or AV1 image coding, respectively, for the best compression ratios currently possible.

libheif makes use of libde265 for HEIF image decoding and x265 for encoding. For AVIF, libaom, dav1d, or rav1e are used as codecs.

Supported features

libheif has support for decoding

• tiled images
• alpha channels
• thumbnails
• reading EXIF and XMP metadata
• reading the depth channel
• multiple images in a file
• image transformations (crop, mirror, rotate)
• overlay images
• plugin interface to add alternative codecs for additional formats (AVC, JPEG)
• decoding of files while downloading (e.g. extract image size before file has been completely downloaded)
• reading color profiles
• heix images (10 and 12 bit, chroma 4:2:2)

The encoder supports:

• lossy compression with adjustable quality
• lossless compression
• alpha channels
• thumbnails
• save multiple images to a file
• save EXIF and XMP metadata
• writing color profiles
• 10 and 12 bit images
• monochrome images

API

The library has a C API for easy integration and wide language support. Note that the API is still work in progress and may still change.

The decoder automatically supports both HEIF and AVIF through the same API. No changes are required to existing code to support AVIF. The encoder can be switched between HEIF and AVIF simply by setting heif_compression_HEVC or heif_compression_AV1 to heif_context_get_encoder_for_format().

Loading the primary image in an HEIF file is as easy as this:

heif_context* ctx = heif_context_alloc();
heif_context_read_from_file(ctx, input_filename, nullptr);

// get a handle to the primary image
heif_image_handle* handle;
heif_context_get_primary_image_handle(ctx, &handle);

// decode the image and convert colorspace to RGB, saved as 24bit interleaved
heif_image* img;
heif_decode_image(handle, &img, heif_colorspace_RGB, heif_chroma_interleaved_RGB, nullptr);

int stride;
const uint8_t* data = heif_image_get_plane_readonly(img, heif_channel_interleaved, &stride);

Writing an HEIF file can be done like this:

heif_context* ctx = heif_context_alloc();

// get the default encoder
heif_encoder* encoder;
heif_context_get_encoder_for_format(ctx, heif_compression_HEVC, &encoder);

// set the encoder parameters
heif_encoder_set_lossy_quality(encoder, 50);

// encode the image
heif_image* image; // code to fill in the image omitted in this example
heif_context_encode_image(ctx, image, encoder, nullptr, nullptr);

heif_encoder_release(encoder);

heif_context_write_to_file(context, "output.heic");

See the header file heif.h for the complete C API.

There is also a C++ API which is a header-only wrapper to the C API. Hence, you can use the C++ API and still be binary compatible. Code using the C++ API is much less verbose than using the C API directly.

There is also an experimental Go API, but this is not stable yet.

Compiling

This library uses a standard autoconf/automake build system. After downloading, run ./autogen.sh to build the configuration scripts, then call ./configure and make. Make sure that you compile and install libde265 first, so that the configuration script will find this. Preferably, download the frame-parallel branch of libde265, as this uses a more recent API than version in the master branch. Also install x265 and its development files if you want to use HEIF encoding.

For AVIF support, make sure that libaom is installed.

macOS

1. Install dependencies with Homebrew

   brew install automake make pkg-config x265 libde265 libjpeg
   

2. Configure and build project

   ./autogen.sh
   ./configure
   make
   

Windows

Libheif is included in Vcpkg.

Adding rav1e encoder for AVIF

• Install cargo.
• Install cbindgen by executing

cargo install --force cbindgen

• Make sure that the cbindgen executable is found. You probably have to add ~/.cargo/bin to your $PATH.
• Run the rav1e.cmd script in directory third-party to download rav1e and compile it.

When using cmake, you have to enable compiling the local rav1e encoder with USE_LOCAL_RAV1E'. With autoconf, use the configure option --enable-local-rav1e'.

Adding dav1d decoder for AVIF

• Install meson.
• Run the dav1d.cmd script in directory third-party to download dav1d and compile it.

When running cmake or configure, make sure that the environment variable PKG_CONFIG_PATH includes the path to third-party/dav1d/dist/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/pkgconfig.

Language bindings

• C++: part of libheif
• Go: part of libheif
• JavaScript: by compilation with emscripten (see below)
• Python: pyheif
• Rust: libheif-sys

Languages that can directly interface with C libraries (e.g., Swift, C#) should work out of the box.

Compiling to JavaScript

libheif can also be compiled to JavaScript using emscripten. See the build-emscripten.sh for further information.

Online demo

Check out this online demo. This is libheif running in JavaScript in your browser.

Example programs

Some example programs are provided in the examples directory. The program heif-convert converts all images stored in an HEIF/AVIF file to JPEG or PNG. heif-enc lets you convert JPEG files to HEIF/AVIF. The program heif-info is a simple, minimal decoder that dumps the file structure to the console.

For example convert example.heic to JPEGs and one of the JPEGs back to HEIF:

cd examples/
./heif-convert example.heic example.jpeg
./heif-enc example-1.jpeg -o example.heif

In order to convert example-1.jpeg to AVIF use:

./heif-enc example-1.jpeg -A -o example.avif

There is also a GIMP plugin using libheif here.

HEIF/AVIF thumbnails for the Gnome desktop

The program heif-thumbnailer can be used as an HEIF/AVIF thumbnailer for the Gnome desktop. The matching Gnome configuration files are in the gnome directory. Place the files heif.xml and 'avif.xml' into /usr/share/mime/packages and heif.thumbnailer into /usr/share/thumbnailers. You may have to run update-mime-database /usr/share/mime to update the list of known MIME types.

gdk-pixbuf loader

libheif also includes a gdk-pixbuf loader for HEIF/AVIF images. 'make install' will copy the plugin into the system directories. However, you will still have to run gdk-pixbuf-query-loaders --update-cache to update the gdk-pixbuf loader database.

Software using libheif

• GIMP
• Krita
• ImageMagick
• digiKam 7.0.0
• libvips
• Kodi HEIF image decoder plugin

License

The libheif is distributed under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License. The sample applications are distributed under the terms of the MIT License.

See COPYING for more details.

Copyright (c) 2017-2020 Struktur AG Contact: Dirk Farin [email protected]