C++ wrapper

This example shows how to embed WASM3 into a C++ application. It uses a header-only library, wasm3_cpp.h, provided in wasm3_cpp subdirectory. Like WASM3 itself, this library can be included into CMake projects using add_subdirectory function.

The main code of the example in main.cpp initializes WASM3, loads a WebAssembly module, links two external functions to the module, and executes two functions defined in WebAssembly.

The WebAssembly module source code is inside wasm subdirectory.

wasm3_cpp.h reference

All the classes are located in wasm3 namespace.

Class environment

environment::environment() — create a new WASM3 environment. Runtimes, modules are owned by an environment.

runtime environment::new_runtime(uint32_t stack_size_bytes) — create new runtime inside the environment.

module environment::parse_module(std::istream &in) or module environment::parse_module(const uint8_t *data, size_t size) — parse a WASM binary module.

Class runtime

runtime objects are created using environment::new_runtime method, see above.

void runtime::load(module &m) — load a parsed module into the runtime.

function runtime::find_function(const char *name) — find a function defined in one of the loaded modules, by name. Raises a wasm3::error exception if the function is not found.

Class module

module objects are created by environment::parse_module. Parsed modules can be loaded into a runtime object. One module can only be loaded into one runtime.

Before loading a module, you may need to link some external functions to it:

template <Func> void module::link(const char *mod, const char *function_name, Func *function) — link a function function to module named mod under the name function_name. To link to any module, use mod="*".

function has to be either a non-member function or a static member function.

Currently, the following types of arguments can be passed to functions linked this way:

• int32_t
• int64_t
• float
• double
• const/non-const pointers

Automatic conversion of other integral types may be implemented in the future.

If the module doesn't reference an imported function named func, an exception is thrown. To link a function "optionally", i.e. without throwing an exception if the function is not imported, use module::link_optional instead.

Class function

function object can be obtained from a runtime, looking up the function by name. Function objects are used to call WebAssembly functions.

template <typename Ret = void, typename ...Args> Ret function::call(Args...) — calls a WebAssembly function with or without arguments and a return value.
The return value of the function, if not void, is automatically converted to the type Ret.
Note that you always need to specify the matching return type when using this template with a non-void function.
Examples:

// WASM signature: [] → []
func.call();

// WASM signature: [i32, i32] → []
func.call(42, 43); // implicit argument types

// WASM signature: [i32, i64] → []
func.call<void, int32_t, int64_t>(42, 43); // explicit argument types require the return type

// WASM signature: [] → [i32]
auto result = func.call<int32_t>();

// WASM signature: [i32, i32] → [i64]
auto result = func.call<int64_t>(42, 43); // implicit argument types

// WASM signature: [i32, i64] → [i64]
auto result = func.call<int64_t, int32_t, int64_t>(42, 43); // explicit argument types

template <typename Ret, typename ...Args> Ret function::call_argv(Args...) — same as above, except that this function takes arguments as C strings (const char*).

Building and running

This directory is a CMake project, and can be built as follows:

mkdir build
cd build
cmake ..
cmake --build .

Then run the example:

./wasm3_cpp_example