AP_MotorsSingle.cpp

/*
   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
   (at your option) any later version.

   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
   GNU General Public License for more details.

   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <AP_HAL/AP_HAL.h>
#include <AP_Math/AP_Math.h>
#include "AP_MotorsSingle.h"
#include <GCS_MAVLink/GCS.h>
#include <SRV_Channel/SRV_Channel.h>

extern const AP_HAL::HAL& hal;

// init
void AP_MotorsSingle::init(motor_frame_class frame_class, motor_frame_type frame_type)
{
    // make sure 6 output channels are mapped
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
        add_motor_num(CH_1 + i);
    }

    // set the motor_enabled flag so that the main ESC can be calibrated like other frame types
    motor_enabled[AP_MOTORS_MOT_5] = true;
    motor_enabled[AP_MOTORS_MOT_6] = true;

    // setup actuator scaling
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUM_ACTUATORS; i++) {
        SRV_Channels::set_angle(SRV_Channels::get_motor_function(i), AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
    }

    _mav_type = MAV_TYPE_COAXIAL;

    // record successful initialisation if what we setup was the desired frame_class
    set_initialised_ok(frame_class == MOTOR_FRAME_SINGLE);
}

// set frame class (i.e. quad, hexa, heli) and type (i.e. x, plus)
void AP_MotorsSingle::set_frame_class_and_type(motor_frame_class frame_class, motor_frame_type frame_type)
{
    // nothing to do
}

// set update rate to motors - a value in hertz
void AP_MotorsSingle::set_update_rate(uint16_t speed_hz)
{
    // record requested speed
    _speed_hz = speed_hz;

    uint32_t mask =
        1U << AP_MOTORS_MOT_5 |
        1U << AP_MOTORS_MOT_6 ;
    rc_set_freq(mask, _speed_hz);
}

void AP_MotorsSingle::output_to_motors()
{
    if (!initialised_ok()) {
        return;
    }
    switch (_spool_state) {
        case SpoolState::SHUT_DOWN:
            // sends minimum values out to the motors
            rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_1, _roll_radio_passthrough * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_2, _pitch_radio_passthrough * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_3, -_roll_radio_passthrough * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_4, -_pitch_radio_passthrough * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_5, output_to_pwm(0));
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_6, output_to_pwm(0));
            break;
        case SpoolState::GROUND_IDLE:
            // sends output to motors when armed but not flying
            for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUM_ACTUATORS; i++) {
                rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_1 + i, _spin_up_ratio * _actuator_out[i] * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            }
            set_actuator_with_slew(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_5], actuator_spin_up_to_ground_idle());
            set_actuator_with_slew(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_6], actuator_spin_up_to_ground_idle());
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_5, output_to_pwm(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_5]));
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_6, output_to_pwm(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_6]));
            break;
        case SpoolState::SPOOLING_UP:
        case SpoolState::THROTTLE_UNLIMITED:
        case SpoolState::SPOOLING_DOWN:
            // set motor output based on thrust requests
            for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUM_ACTUATORS; i++) {
                rc_write_angle(AP_MOTORS_MOT_1 + i, _actuator_out[i] * AP_MOTORS_SINGLE_SERVO_INPUT_RANGE);
            }
            set_actuator_with_slew(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_5], thr_lin.thrust_to_actuator(_thrust_out));
            set_actuator_with_slew(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_6], thr_lin.thrust_to_actuator(_thrust_out));
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_5, output_to_pwm(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_5]));
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_6, output_to_pwm(_actuator[AP_MOTORS_MOT_6]));
            break;
    }
}

// get_motor_mask - returns a bitmask of which outputs are being used for motors or servos (1 means being used)
//  this can be used to ensure other pwm outputs (i.e. for servos) do not conflict
uint32_t AP_MotorsSingle::get_motor_mask()
{
    uint32_t motor_mask =
        1U << AP_MOTORS_MOT_5 |
        1U << AP_MOTORS_MOT_6;

    uint32_t mask = motor_mask_to_srv_channel_mask(motor_mask);

    // add parent's mask
    mask |= AP_MotorsMulticopter::get_motor_mask();

    return mask;
}

// sends commands to the motors
void AP_MotorsSingle::output_armed_stabilizing()
{
    float   roll_thrust;                // roll thrust input value, +/- 1.0
    float   pitch_thrust;               // pitch thrust input value, +/- 1.0
    float   yaw_thrust;                 // yaw thrust input value, +/- 1.0
    float   throttle_thrust;            // throttle thrust input value, 0.0 - 1.0
    float   throttle_avg_max;           // throttle thrust average maximum value, 0.0 - 1.0
    float   thrust_min_rpy;             // the minimum throttle setting that will not limit the roll and pitch output
    float   thr_adj;                    // the difference between the pilot's desired throttle and throttle_thrust_best_rpy
    float   rp_scale = 1.0f;            // this is used to scale the roll, pitch and yaw to fit within the motor limits
    float   actuator_allowed = 0.0f;    // amount of yaw we can fit in
    float   actuator[NUM_ACTUATORS];    // combined roll, pitch and yaw thrusts for each actuator
    float   actuator_max = 0.0f;        // maximum actuator value

    // apply voltage and air pressure compensation
    const float compensation_gain = thr_lin.get_compensation_gain();
    roll_thrust = (_roll_in + _roll_in_ff) * compensation_gain;
    pitch_thrust = (_pitch_in + _pitch_in_ff) * compensation_gain;
    yaw_thrust = (_yaw_in + _yaw_in_ff) * compensation_gain;
    throttle_thrust = get_throttle() * compensation_gain;
    throttle_avg_max = _throttle_avg_max * compensation_gain;

    // sanity check throttle is above zero and below current limited throttle
    if (throttle_thrust <= 0.0f) {
        throttle_thrust = 0.0f;
        limit.throttle_lower = true;
    }
    if (throttle_thrust >= _throttle_thrust_max) {
        throttle_thrust = _throttle_thrust_max;
        limit.throttle_upper = true;
    }

    throttle_avg_max = constrain_float(throttle_avg_max, throttle_thrust, _throttle_thrust_max);

    float rp_thrust_max = MAX(fabsf(roll_thrust), fabsf(pitch_thrust));

    // calculate how much roll and pitch must be scaled to leave enough range for the minimum yaw
    if (is_zero(rp_thrust_max)) {
        rp_scale = 1.0f;
    } else {
        rp_scale = constrain_float((1.0f - MIN(fabsf(yaw_thrust), (float) _yaw_headroom * 0.001f)) / rp_thrust_max, 0.0f, 1.0f);
        if (rp_scale < 1.0f) {
            limit.roll = true;
            limit.pitch = true;
        }
    }

    actuator_allowed = 1.0f - rp_scale * rp_thrust_max;
    if (fabsf(yaw_thrust) > actuator_allowed) {
        yaw_thrust = constrain_float(yaw_thrust, -actuator_allowed, actuator_allowed);
        limit.yaw = true;
    }

    // combine roll, pitch and yaw on each actuator
    // front servo
    actuator[0] = rp_scale * roll_thrust - yaw_thrust;
    // right servo
    actuator[1] = rp_scale * pitch_thrust - yaw_thrust;
    // rear servo
    actuator[2] = -rp_scale * roll_thrust - yaw_thrust;
    // left servo
    actuator[3] = -rp_scale * pitch_thrust - yaw_thrust;

    // calculate the minimum thrust that doesn't limit the roll, pitch and yaw forces
    thrust_min_rpy = MAX(MAX(fabsf(actuator[0]), fabsf(actuator[1])), MAX(fabsf(actuator[2]), fabsf(actuator[3])));

    thr_adj = throttle_thrust - throttle_avg_max;
    if (thr_adj < (thrust_min_rpy - throttle_avg_max)) {
        // Throttle can't be reduced to the desired level because this would mean roll or pitch control
        // would not be able to reach the desired level because of lack of thrust.
        thr_adj = MIN(thrust_min_rpy, throttle_avg_max) - throttle_avg_max;
    }

    // calculate the throttle setting for the lift fan
    _thrust_out = throttle_avg_max + thr_adj;
    // compensation_gain can never be zero
    _throttle_out = _thrust_out / compensation_gain;

    if (is_zero(_thrust_out)) {
        limit.roll = true;
        limit.pitch = true;
        limit.yaw = true;
    }

    // limit thrust out for calculation of actuator gains
    float thrust_out_actuator = constrain_float(MAX(_throttle_hover * 0.5f, _thrust_out), 0.5f, 1.0f);

    // calculate the maximum allowed actuator output and maximum requested actuator output
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUM_ACTUATORS; i++) {
        if (actuator_max > fabsf(actuator[i])) {
            actuator_max = fabsf(actuator[i]);
        }
    }
    if (actuator_max > thrust_out_actuator && !is_zero(actuator_max)) {
        // roll, pitch and yaw request can not be achieved at full servo defection
        // reduce roll, pitch and yaw to reduce the requested defection to maximum
        limit.roll = true;
        limit.pitch = true;
        limit.yaw = true;
        rp_scale = thrust_out_actuator / actuator_max;
    } else {
        rp_scale = 1.0f;
    }

    // force of a lifting surface is approximately equal to the angle of attack times the airflow velocity squared
    // static thrust is proportional to the airflow velocity squared
    // therefore the torque of the roll and pitch actuators should be approximately proportional to
    // the angle of attack multiplied by the static thrust.
    for (uint8_t i = 0; i < NUM_ACTUATORS; i++) {
        _actuator_out[i] = constrain_float(rp_scale * actuator[i] / thrust_out_actuator, -1.0f, 1.0f);
    }
}

// output_test_seq - spin a motor at the pwm value specified
//  motor_seq is the motor's sequence number from 1 to the number of motors on the frame
//  pwm value is an actual pwm value that will be output, normally in the range of 1000 ~ 2000
void AP_MotorsSingle::_output_test_seq(uint8_t motor_seq, int16_t pwm)
{
    // output to motors and servos
    switch (motor_seq) {
        case 1:
            // flap servo 1
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_1, pwm);
            break;
        case 2:
            // flap servo 2
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_2, pwm);
            break;
        case 3:
            // flap servo 3
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_3, pwm);
            break;
        case 4:
            // flap servo 4
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_4, pwm);
            break;
        case 5:
            // spin motor 1
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_5, pwm);
            break;
        case 6:
            // spin motor 2
            rc_write(AP_MOTORS_MOT_6, pwm);
            break;
        default:
            // do nothing
            break;
    }
}