testusb.c

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/* $(CROSS_COMPILE)cc -Wall -Wextra -g -lpthread -o testusb testusb.c */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2002 by David Brownell
 * Copyright (c) 2010 by Samsung Electronics
 * Author: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
 */

/*
 * This program issues ioctls to perform the tests implemented by the
 * kernel driver.  It can generate a variety of transfer patterns; you
 * should make sure to test both regular streaming and mixes of
 * transfer sizes (including short transfers).
 *
 * For more information on how this can be used and on USB testing
 * refer to <URL:http://www.linux-usb.org/usbtest/>.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ftw.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <limits.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <linux/usbdevice_fs.h>

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

#define	TEST_CASES	30

// FIXME make these public somewhere; usbdevfs.h?

struct usbtest_param {
	// inputs
	unsigned		test_num;	/* 0..(TEST_CASES-1) */
	unsigned		iterations;
	unsigned		length;
	unsigned		vary;
	unsigned		sglen;

	// outputs
	struct timeval		duration;
};
#define USBTEST_REQUEST	_IOWR('U', 100, struct usbtest_param)

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

/* #include <linux/usb_ch9.h> */

#define USB_DT_DEVICE			0x01
#define USB_DT_INTERFACE		0x04

#define USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE		0	/* for DeviceClass */
#define USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC		0xff


struct usb_device_descriptor {
	__u8  bLength;
	__u8  bDescriptorType;
	__u16 bcdUSB;
	__u8  bDeviceClass;
	__u8  bDeviceSubClass;
	__u8  bDeviceProtocol;
	__u8  bMaxPacketSize0;
	__u16 idVendor;
	__u16 idProduct;
	__u16 bcdDevice;
	__u8  iManufacturer;
	__u8  iProduct;
	__u8  iSerialNumber;
	__u8  bNumConfigurations;
} __attribute__ ((packed));

struct usb_interface_descriptor {
	__u8  bLength;
	__u8  bDescriptorType;

	__u8  bInterfaceNumber;
	__u8  bAlternateSetting;
	__u8  bNumEndpoints;
	__u8  bInterfaceClass;
	__u8  bInterfaceSubClass;
	__u8  bInterfaceProtocol;
	__u8  iInterface;
} __attribute__ ((packed));

enum usb_device_speed {
	USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN = 0,			/* enumerating */
	USB_SPEED_LOW, USB_SPEED_FULL,		/* usb 1.1 */
	USB_SPEED_HIGH				/* usb 2.0 */
};

/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

static char *speed (enum usb_device_speed s)
{
	switch (s) {
	case USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN:	return "unknown";
	case USB_SPEED_LOW:	return "low";
	case USB_SPEED_FULL:	return "full";
	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:	return "high";
	default:		return "??";
	}
}

struct testdev {
	struct testdev		*next;
	char			*name;
	pthread_t		thread;
	enum usb_device_speed	speed;
	unsigned		ifnum : 8;
	unsigned		forever : 1;
	int			test;

	struct usbtest_param	param;
};
static struct testdev		*testdevs;

static int testdev_ffs_ifnum(FILE *fd)
{
	union {
		char buf[255];
		struct usb_interface_descriptor intf;
	} u;

	for (;;) {
		if (fread(u.buf, 1, 1, fd) != 1)
			return -1;
		if (fread(u.buf + 1, (unsigned char)u.buf[0] - 1, 1, fd) != 1)
			return -1;

		if (u.intf.bLength == sizeof u.intf
		 && u.intf.bDescriptorType == USB_DT_INTERFACE
		 && u.intf.bNumEndpoints == 2
		 && u.intf.bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC
		 && u.intf.bInterfaceSubClass == 0
		 && u.intf.bInterfaceProtocol == 0)
			return (unsigned char)u.intf.bInterfaceNumber;
	}
}

static int testdev_ifnum(FILE *fd)
{
	struct usb_device_descriptor dev;

	if (fread(&dev, sizeof dev, 1, fd) != 1)
		return -1;

	if (dev.bLength != sizeof dev || dev.bDescriptorType != USB_DT_DEVICE)
		return -1;

	/* FX2 with (tweaked) bulksrc firmware */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x1002)
		return 0;

	/*----------------------------------------------------*/

	/* devices that start up using the EZ-USB default device and
	 * which we can use after loading simple firmware.  hotplug
	 * can fxload it, and then run this test driver.
	 *
	 * we return false positives in two cases:
	 * - the device has a "real" driver (maybe usb-serial) that
	 *   renumerates.  the device should vanish quickly.
	 * - the device doesn't have the test firmware installed.
	 */

	/* generic EZ-USB FX controller */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x2235)
		return 0;

	/* generic EZ-USB FX2 controller */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x04b4 && dev.idProduct == 0x8613)
		return 0;

	/* CY3671 development board with EZ-USB FX */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x0080)
		return 0;

	/* Keyspan 19Qi uses an21xx (original EZ-USB) */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x06cd && dev.idProduct == 0x010b)
		return 0;

	/*----------------------------------------------------*/

	/* "gadget zero", Linux-USB test software */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a0)
		return 0;

	/* user mode subset of that */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a4)
		return testdev_ffs_ifnum(fd);
		/* return 0; */

	/* iso version of usermode code */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a3)
		return 0;

	/* some GPL'd test firmware uses these IDs */

	if (dev.idVendor == 0xfff0 && dev.idProduct == 0xfff0)
		return 0;

	/*----------------------------------------------------*/

	/* iBOT2 high speed webcam */
	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0b62 && dev.idProduct == 0x0059)
		return 0;

	/*----------------------------------------------------*/

	/* the FunctionFS gadget can have the source/sink interface
	 * anywhere.  We look for an interface descriptor that match
	 * what we expect.  We ignore configuratiens thou. */

	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4ac
	 && (dev.bDeviceClass == USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE
	  || dev.bDeviceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC))
		return testdev_ffs_ifnum(fd);

	return -1;
}

static int find_testdev(const char *name, const struct stat *sb, int flag)
{
	FILE				*fd;
	int				ifnum;
	struct testdev			*entry;

	(void)sb; /* unused */

	if (flag != FTW_F)
		return 0;

	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
	if (!fd) {
		perror(name);
		return 0;
	}

	ifnum = testdev_ifnum(fd);
	fclose(fd);
	if (ifnum < 0)
		return 0;

	entry = calloc(1, sizeof *entry);
	if (!entry)
		goto nomem;

	entry->name = strdup(name);
	if (!entry->name) {
		free(entry);
nomem:
		perror("malloc");
		return 0;
	}

	entry->ifnum = ifnum;

	/* FIXME update USBDEVFS_CONNECTINFO so it tells about high speed etc */

	fprintf(stderr, "%s speed\t%s\t%u\n",
		speed(entry->speed), entry->name, entry->ifnum);

	entry->next = testdevs;
	testdevs = entry;
	return 0;
}

static int
usbdev_ioctl (int fd, int ifno, unsigned request, void *param)
{
	struct usbdevfs_ioctl	wrapper;

	wrapper.ifno = ifno;
	wrapper.ioctl_code = request;
	wrapper.data = param;

	return ioctl (fd, USBDEVFS_IOCTL, &wrapper);
}

static void *handle_testdev (void *arg)
{
	struct testdev		*dev = arg;
	int			fd, i;
	int			status;

	if ((fd = open (dev->name, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
		perror ("can't open dev file r/w");
		return 0;
	}

restart:
	for (i = 0; i < TEST_CASES; i++) {
		if (dev->test != -1 && dev->test != i)
			continue;
		dev->param.test_num = i;

		status = usbdev_ioctl (fd, dev->ifnum,
				USBTEST_REQUEST, &dev->param);
		if (status < 0 && errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
			continue;

		/* FIXME need a "syslog it" option for background testing */

		/* NOTE: each thread emits complete lines; no fragments! */
		if (status < 0) {
			char	buf [80];
			int	err = errno;

			if (strerror_r (errno, buf, sizeof buf)) {
				snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "error %d", err);
				errno = err;
			}
			printf ("%s test %d --> %d (%s)\n",
				dev->name, i, errno, buf);
		} else
			printf ("%s test %d, %4d.%.06d secs\n", dev->name, i,
				(int) dev->param.duration.tv_sec,
				(int) dev->param.duration.tv_usec);

		fflush (stdout);
	}
	if (dev->forever)
		goto restart;

	close (fd);
	return arg;
}

static const char *usb_dir_find(void)
{
	static char udev_usb_path[] = "/dev/bus/usb";

	if (access(udev_usb_path, F_OK) == 0)
		return udev_usb_path;

	return NULL;
}

static int parse_num(unsigned *num, const char *str)
{
	unsigned long val;
	char *end;

	errno = 0;
	val = strtoul(str, &end, 0);
	if (errno || *end || val > UINT_MAX)
		return -1;
	*num = val;
	return 0;
}

int main (int argc, char **argv)
{

	int			c;
	struct testdev		*entry;
	char			*device;
	const char		*usb_dir = NULL;
	int			all = 0, forever = 0, not = 0;
	int			test = -1 /* all */;
	struct usbtest_param	param;

	/* pick defaults that works with all speeds, without short packets.
	 *
	 * Best per-frame data rates:
	 *     super speed,bulk      1024 * 16 * 8 = 131072
	 *                 interrupt 1024 *  3 * 8 =  24576
	 *     high speed, bulk       512 * 13 * 8 =  53248
	 *                 interrupt 1024 *  3 * 8 =  24576
	 *     full speed, bulk/intr   64 * 19     =   1216
	 *                 interrupt   64 *  1     =     64
	 *      low speed, interrupt    8 *  1     =      8
	 */
	param.iterations = 1000;
	param.length = 1024;
	param.vary = 1024;
	param.sglen = 32;

	/* for easy use when hotplugging */
	device = getenv ("DEVICE");

	while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "D:aA:c:g:hlns:t:v:")) != EOF)
	switch (c) {
	case 'D':	/* device, if only one */
		device = optarg;
		continue;
	case 'A':	/* use all devices with specified USB dir */
		usb_dir = optarg;
		/* FALL THROUGH */
	case 'a':	/* use all devices */
		device = NULL;
		all = 1;
		continue;
	case 'c':	/* count iterations */
		if (parse_num(&param.iterations, optarg))
			goto usage;
		continue;
	case 'g':	/* scatter/gather entries */
		if (parse_num(&param.sglen, optarg))
			goto usage;
		continue;
	case 'l':	/* loop forever */
		forever = 1;
		continue;
	case 'n':	/* no test running! */
		not = 1;
		continue;
	case 's':	/* size of packet */
		if (parse_num(&param.length, optarg))
			goto usage;
		continue;
	case 't':	/* run just one test */
		test = atoi (optarg);
		if (test < 0)
			goto usage;
		continue;
	case 'v':	/* vary packet size by ... */
		if (parse_num(&param.vary, optarg))
			goto usage;
		continue;
	case '?':
	case 'h':
	default:
usage:
		fprintf (stderr,
			"usage: %s [options]\n"
			"Options:\n"
			"\t-D dev		only test specific device\n"
			"\t-A usb-dir\n"
			"\t-a		test all recognized devices\n"
			"\t-l		loop forever(for stress test)\n"
			"\t-t testnum	only run specified case\n"
			"\t-n		no test running, show devices to be tested\n"
			"Case arguments:\n"
			"\t-c iterations		default 1000\n"
			"\t-s transfer length	default 1024\n"
			"\t-g sglen		default 32\n"
			"\t-v vary			default 1024\n",
			argv[0]);
		return 1;
	}
	if (optind != argc)
		goto usage;
	if (!all && !device) {
		fprintf (stderr, "must specify '-a' or '-D dev', "
			"or DEVICE=/dev/bus/usb/BBB/DDD in env\n");
		goto usage;
	}

	/* Find usb device subdirectory */
	if (!usb_dir) {
		usb_dir = usb_dir_find();
		if (!usb_dir) {
			fputs ("USB device files are missing\n", stderr);
			return -1;
		}
	}

	/* collect and list the test devices */
	if (ftw (usb_dir, find_testdev, 3) != 0) {
		fputs ("ftw failed; are USB device files missing?\n", stderr);
		return -1;
	}

	/* quit, run single test, or create test threads */
	if (!testdevs && !device) {
		fputs ("no test devices recognized\n", stderr);
		return -1;
	}
	if (not)
		return 0;
	if (testdevs && testdevs->next == 0 && !device)
		device = testdevs->name;
	for (entry = testdevs; entry; entry = entry->next) {
		int	status;

		entry->param = param;
		entry->forever = forever;
		entry->test = test;

		if (device) {
			if (strcmp (entry->name, device))
				continue;
			return handle_testdev (entry) != entry;
		}
		status = pthread_create (&entry->thread, 0, handle_testdev, entry);
		if (status)
			perror ("pthread_create");
	}
	if (device) {
		struct testdev		dev;

		/* kernel can recognize test devices we don't */
		fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s may see only control tests\n",
				argv [0], device);

		memset (&dev, 0, sizeof dev);
		dev.name = device;
		dev.param = param;
		dev.forever = forever;
		dev.test = test;
		return handle_testdev (&dev) != &dev;
	}

	/* wait for tests to complete */
	for (entry = testdevs; entry; entry = entry->next) {
		void	*retval;

		if (pthread_join (entry->thread, &retval))
			perror ("pthread_join");
		/* testing errors discarded! */
	}

	return 0;
}