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Puppeteer API v0.9.0

Table of Contents

Puppeteer

Puppeteer is a Node library which provides a high-level API to control Chromium over the DevTools Protocol.

class: Puppeteer

Puppeteer module provides a method to launch a Chromium instance. The following is a typical example of using a Puppeteer to drive automation:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://www.google.com');
  // other actions...
  browser.close();
});

puppeteer.connect(options)

This methods attaches Puppeteer to an existing Chromium instance.

puppeteer.launch([options])

  • options <Object> Set of configurable options to set on the browser. Can have the following fields:
    • ignoreHTTPSErrors <boolean> Whether to ignore HTTPS errors during navigation. Defaults to false.
    • headless <boolean> Whether to run Chromium in headless mode. Defaults to true.
    • executablePath <string> Path to a Chromium executable to run instead of bundled Chromium. If executablePath is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.
    • slowMo <number> Slows down Puppeteer operations by the specified amount of milliseconds. Useful so that you can see what is going on.
    • args <Array<string>> Additional arguments to pass to the Chromium instance. List of Chromium flags can be found here.
    • dumpio <boolean> Whether to pipe browser process stdout and stderr into process.stdout and process.stderr. Defaults to false.
  • returns: <Promise<Browser>> Promise which resolves to browser instance.

The method launches a browser instance with given arguments. The browser will be closed when the parent node.js process is closed.

NOTE Puppeteer works best with the version of Chromium it is bundled with. There is no guarantee it will work with any other version. Use executablePath option with extreme caution. If Google Chrome (rather than Chromium) is preferred, a Chrome Canary or Dev Channel build is suggested.

class: Browser

A Browser is created when Puppeteer connects to a Chromium instance, either through puppeteer.launch or puppeteer.connect.

An example of using a Browser to create a Page:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://example.com');
  browser.close();
});

browser.close()

Closes browser with all the pages (if any were opened). The browser object itself is considered to be disposed and could not be used anymore.

browser.newPage()

browser.version()

  • returns: <Promise<string>> For headless Chromium, this is similar to HeadlessChrome/61.0.3153.0. For non-headless, this is similar to Chrome/61.0.3153.0.

NOTE the format of browser.version() might change with future releases of Chromium.

browser.wsEndpoint()

  • returns: <string> Browser websocket url.

Browser websocket endpoint which could be used as an argument to puppeteer.connect.

class: Page

Page provides methods to interact with a single tab in Chromium. One Browser instance might have multiple Page instances.

This example creates a page, navigates it to a URL, and then saves a screenshot:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://example.com');
  await page.screenshot({path: 'screenshot.png'});
  browser.close();
});

event: 'console'

Emitted when JavaScript within the page calls one of console API methods, e.g. console.log or console.dir. Also emitted if the page throws an error or a warning.

The arguments passed into console.log appear as arguments on the event handler.

An example of handling console event:

page.on('console', (...args) => {
  for (let i = 0; i < args.length; ++i)
    console.log(`${i}: ${args[i]}`);
});
page.evaluate(() => console.log(5, 'hello', {foo: 'bar'}));

event: 'dialog'

Emitted when a JavaScript dialog appears, such as alert, prompt, confirm or beforeunload. Puppeteer can respond to the dialog via Dialog's accept or dismiss methods.

event: 'error'

Emitted when the page crashes.

NOTE error event has a special meaning in Node, see error events for details.

event: 'frameattached'

Emitted when a frame is attached.

event: 'framedetached'

Emitted when a frame is detached.

event: 'framenavigated'

Emitted when a frame is navigated to a new url.

event: 'load'

Emitted when the JavaScript load event is dispatched.

event: 'pageerror'

  • <string> The exception message

Emitted when an uncaught exception happens within the page.

event: 'request'

Emitted when a page issues a request. The request object is read-only. In order to intercept and mutate requests, see page.setRequestInterceptionEnabled.

event: 'requestfailed'

Emitted when a request fails, for example by timing out.

event: 'requestfinished'

Emitted when a request finishes successfully.

event: 'response'

Emitted when a response is received.

page.$(selector)

The method runs document.querySelector within the page. If no element matches the selector, the return value resolve to null.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().$(selector).

page.addScriptTag(url)

  • url <string> Url of the <script> tag
  • returns: <Promise> which resolves when the script's onload fires.

Adds a <script> tag into the page with the desired url. Alternatively, a local JavaScript file could be injected via page.injectFile method.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().addScriptTag(url).

page.click(selector[, options])

  • selector <string> A selector to search for element to click. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be clicked.
  • options <Object>
    • button <string> left, right, or middle, defaults to left.
    • clickCount <number> defaults to 1. See UIEvent.detail.
    • delay <number> Time to wait between mousedown and mouseup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element matching selector is successfully clicked. The Promise will be rejected if there is no element matching selector.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().click(selector[, options]).

page.close()

page.emulate(options)

  • options <Object>
    • viewport <Object>
      • width <number> page width in pixels.
      • height <number> page height in pixels.
      • deviceScaleFactor <number> Specify device scale factor (could be thought of as dpr). Defaults to 1.
      • isMobile <boolean> Whether the meta viewport tag is taken into account. Defaults to false.
      • hasTouch<boolean> Specifies if viewport supports touch events. Defaults to false
      • isLandscape <boolean> Specifies if viewport is in landscape mode. Defaults to false.
    • userAgent <string>
  • returns: <Promise>

Emulates given device metrics and user agent. This method is a shortcut for calling two methods:

To aid emulation, puppeteer provides a list of device descriptors which could be obtained via the require('puppeteer/DeviceDescriptors') command. Below is an example of emulating an iPhone 6 in puppeteer:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
const devices = require('puppeteer/DeviceDescriptors');
const iPhone = devices['iPhone 6'];

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.emulate(iPhone);
  await page.goto('https://www.google.com');
  // other actions...
  browser.close();
});

List of all available devices is available in the source code: DeviceDescriptors.js.

page.emulateMedia(mediaType)

  • mediaType <string> Changes the CSS media type of the page. The only allowed values are 'screen', 'media' and null. Passing null disables media emulation.
  • returns: <Promise>

page.evaluate(pageFunction, ...args)

If the function, passed to the page.evaluate, returns a Promise, then page.evaluate would wait for the promise to resolve and return it's value.

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  const result = await page.evaluate(() => {
    return Promise.resolve(8 * 7);
  });
  console.log(result); // prints "56"
  browser.close();
});

A string can also be passed in instead of a function.

console.log(await page.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().evaluate(pageFunction, ...args).

page.evaluateOnNewDocument(pageFunction, ...args)

Adds a function which would be invoked in one of the following scenarios:

  • whenever the page is navigated
  • whenever the child frame is attached or navigated. In this case, the function is invoked in the context of the newly attached frame

The function is invoked after the document was created but before any of its scripts were run. This is useful to amend JavaScript environment, e.g. to seed Math.random.

page.exposeFunction(name, puppeteerFunction)

  • name <string> Name of the function on the window object
  • puppeteerFunction <function> Callback function which will be called in Puppeteer's context.
  • returns: <Promise>

The method adds a function called name on the page's window object. When called, the function executes puppeteerFunction in node.js and returns a Promise which resolves to the return value of puppeteerFunction.

If the puppeteerFunction returns a Promise, it will be awaited.

NOTE Functions installed via page.exposeFunction survive navigations.

An example of adding an md5 function into the page:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
const crypto = require('crypto');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  page.on('console', console.log);
  await page.exposeFunction('md5', text =>
    crypto.createHash('md5').update(text).digest('hex')
  );
  await page.evaluate(async () => {
    // use window.md5 to compute hashes
    let myString = 'PUPPETEER';
    let myHash = await window.md5(myString);
    console.log(`md5 of ${myString} is ${myHash}`);
  });
  browser.close();
});

An example of adding a window.readfile function into the page:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
const fs = require('fs');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  page.on('console', console.log);
  await page.exposeFunction('readfile', async filePath => {
    return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
      fs.readFile(filePath, 'utf8', (err, text) => {
        if (err)
          reject(err);
        else
          resolve(text);
      });
    });
  });
  await page.evaluate(async () => {
    // use window.readfile to read contents of a file
    let content = await window.readfile('/etc/hosts');
    console.log(content);
  });
  browser.close();
});

page.focus(selector)

  • selector <string> A selector of an element to focus. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be focused.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element matching selector is successfully focused. The promise will be rejected if there is no element matching selector.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().focus(selector).

page.frames()

  • returns: <Array<Frame>> An array of all frames attached to the page.

page.goBack(options)

  • options <Object> Navigation parameters which might have the following properties:
    • timeout <number> Maximum navigation time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds.
    • waitUntil <string> When to consider a navigation finished, defaults to load. Could be either:
      • load - consider navigation to be finished when the load event is fired.
      • networkidle - consider navigation to be finished when the network activity stays "idle" for at least networkIdleTimeout ms.
    • networkIdleInflight <number> Maximum amount of inflight requests which are considered "idle". Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
    • networkIdleTimeout <number> A timeout to wait before completing navigation. Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
  • returns: <Promise<Response>> Promise which resolves to the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. If can not go back, resolves to null.

Navigate to the previous page in history.

page.goForward(options)

  • options <Object> Navigation parameters which might have the following properties:
    • timeout <number> Maximum navigation time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds.
    • waitUntil <string> When to consider navigation succeeded, defaults to load. Could be either:
      • load - consider navigation to be finished when the load event is fired.
      • networkidle - consider navigation to be finished when the network activity stays "idle" for at least networkIdleTimeout ms.
    • networkIdleInflight <number> Maximum amount of inflight requests which are considered "idle". Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
    • networkIdleTimeout <number> A timeout to wait before completing navigation. Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
  • returns: <Promise<Response>> Promise which resolves to the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect. If can not go back, resolves to null.

Navigate to the next page in history.

page.goto(url, options)

  • url <string> URL to navigate page to
  • options <Object> Navigation parameters which might have the following properties:
    • timeout <number> Maximum navigation time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds.
    • waitUntil <string> When to consider navigation succeeded, defaults to load. Could be either:
      • load - consider navigation to be finished when the load event is fired.
      • networkidle - consider navigation to be finished when the network activity stays "idle" for at least networkIdleTimeout ms.
    • networkIdleInflight <number> Maximum amount of inflight requests which are considered "idle". Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
    • networkIdleTimeout <number> A timeout to wait before completing navigation. Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter. Defaults to 1000 ms.
  • returns: <Promise<Response>> Promise which resolves to the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.

The page.goto will throw an error if:

  • there's an SSL error (e.g. in case of self-signed certificates).
  • target URL is invalid.
  • the timeout is exceeded during navigation.
  • the main resource failed to load.

NOTE page.goto either throw or return a main resource response. The only exception is navigation to about:blank, which would succeed and return null.

page.hover(selector)

  • selector <string> A selector to search for element to hover. If there are multiple elements satisfying the selector, the first will be hovered.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element matching selector is successfully hovered. Promise gets rejected if there's no element matching selector.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().hover(selector).

page.injectFile(filePath)

  • filePath <string> Path to the JavaScript file to be injected into frame. If filePath is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when file gets successfully evaluated in frame.

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().injectFile(filePath).

page.keyboard

page.mainFrame()

  • returns: <Frame> returns page's main frame.

Page is guaranteed to have a main frame which persists during navigations.

page.mouse

page.pdf(options)

  • options <Object> Options object which might have the following properties:
    • path <string> The file path to save the PDF to. If path is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory. If no path is provided, the PDF won't be saved to the disk.
    • scale <number> Scale of the webpage rendering. Defaults to 1.
    • displayHeaderFooter <boolean> Display header and footer. Defaults to false.
    • printBackground <boolean> Print background graphics. Defaults to false.
    • landscape <boolean> Paper orientation. Defaults to false.
    • pageRanges <string> Paper ranges to print, e.g., '1-5, 8, 11-13'. Defaults to the empty string, which means print all pages.
    • format <string> Paper format. If set, takes priority over width or height options. Defaults to 'Letter'.
    • width <string> Paper width, accepts values labeled with units.
    • height <string> Paper height, accepts values labeled with units.
    • margin <Object> Paper margins, defaults to none.
      • top <string> Top margin, accepts values labeled with units.
      • right <string> Right margin, accepts values labeled with units.
      • bottom <string> Bottom margin, accepts values labeled with units.
      • left <string> Left margin, accepts values labeled with units.
  • returns: <Promise<Buffer>> Promise which resolves with PDF buffer.

page.pdf() generates a pdf of the page with print css media. To generate a pdf with screen media, call page.emulateMedia('screen') before calling page.pdf():

// Generates a PDF with 'screen' media type.
await page.emulateMedia('screen');
await page.pdf({path: 'page.pdf'});

The width, height, and margin options accept values labeled with units. Unlabeled values are treated as pixels.

A few examples:

  • page.pdf({width: 100}) - prints with width set to 100 pixels
  • page.pdf({width: '100px'}) - prints with width set to 100 pixels
  • page.pdf({width: '10cm'}) - prints with width set to 10 centimeters.

All possible units are:

  • px - pixel
  • in - inch
  • cm - centimeter
  • mm - millimeter

The format options are:

  • Letter: 8.5in x 11in
  • Legal: 8.5in x 14in
  • Tabloid: 11in x 17in
  • Ledger: 17in x 11in
  • A0: 33.1in x 46.8in
  • A1: 23.4in x 33.1in
  • A2: 16.5in x 23.4in
  • A3: 11.7in x 16.5in
  • A4: 8.27in x 11.7in
  • A5: 5.83in x 8.27in

NOTE Generating a pdf is currently only supported in Chrome headless.

page.plainText()

page.press(key[, options])

  • key <string> Name of key to press, such as ArrowLeft. See KeyboardEvent.key
  • options <Object>
    • text <string> If specified, generates an input event with this text.
    • delay <number> Time to wait between keydown and keyup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
  • returns: <Promise>

Shortcut for keyboard.down and keyboard.up.

page.reload(options)

  • options <Object> Navigation parameters which might have the following properties:
    • timeout <number> Maximum navigation time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds.
    • waitUntil <string> When to consider navigation succeeded, defaults to load. Could be either:
      • load - consider navigation to be finished when the load event is fired.
      • networkidle - consider navigation to be finished when the network activity stays "idle" for at least networkIdleTimeout ms.
    • networkIdleInflight <number> Maximum amount of inflight requests which are considered "idle". Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
    • networkIdleTimeout <number> A timeout to wait before completing navigation. Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
  • returns: <Promise<Response>> Promise which resolves to the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.

page.screenshot([options])

  • options <Object> Options object which might have the following properties:
    • path <string> The file path to save the image to. The screenshot type will be inferred from file extension. If path is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory. If no path is provided, the image won't be saved to the disk.
    • type <string> Specify screenshot type, could be either jpeg or png. Defaults to 'png'.
    • quality <number> The quality of the image, between 0-100. Not applicable to png images.
    • fullPage <boolean> When true, takes a screenshot of the full scrollable page. Defaults to false.
    • clip <Object> An object which specifies clipping region of the page. Should have the following fields:
      • x <number> x-coordinate of top-left corner of clip area
      • y <number> y-coordinate of top-left corner of clip area
      • width <number> width of clipping area
      • height <number> height of clipping area
    • omitBackground <boolean> Hides default white background and allows capturing screenshots with transparency. Defaults to false.
  • returns: <Promise<Buffer>> Promise which resolves to buffer with captured screenshot

page.setContent(html)

  • html <string> HTML markup to assign to the page.
  • returns: <Promise>

page.setExtraHTTPHeaders(headers)

  • headers <Map> A map of additional http headers to be sent with every request.
  • returns: <Promise>

The extra HTTP headers will be sent with every request the page initiates.

NOTE page.setExtraHTTPHeaders does not guarantee the order of headers in the outgoing requests.

page.setRequestInterceptionEnabled(value)

  • value <boolean> Whether to enable request interception.
  • returns: <Promise>

Activating request interception enables request.abort and request.continue.

An example of a naïve request interceptor which aborts all image requests:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.setRequestInterceptionEnabled(true);
  page.on('request', interceptedRequest => {
    if (interceptedRequest.url.endsWith('.png') || interceptedRequest.url.endsWith('.jpg'))
      interceptedRequest.abort();
    else
      interceptedRequest.continue();
  });
  await page.goto('https://example.com');
  browser.close();
});

page.setUserAgent(userAgent)

  • userAgent <string> Specific user agent to use in this page
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the user agent is set.

page.setViewport(viewport)

  • viewport <Object>
    • width <number> page width in pixels.
    • height <number> page height in pixels.
    • deviceScaleFactor <number> Specify device scale factor (could be thought of as dpr). Defaults to 1.
    • isMobile <boolean> Whether the meta viewport tag is taken into account. Defaults to false.
    • hasTouch<boolean> Specifies if viewport supports touch events. Defaults to false
    • isLandscape <boolean> Specifies if viewport is in landscape mode. Defaults to false.
  • returns: <Promise>

NOTE in certain cases, setting viewport will reload the page in order to set the isMobile or hasTouch properties.

In the case of multiple pages in a single browser, each page can have its own viewport size.

page.title()

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().title().

page.tracing

page.type(text, options)

  • text <string> A text to type into a focused element.
  • options <Object>
    • delay <number> Time to wait between key presses in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
  • returns: <Promise>

Sends a keydown, keypress/input, and keyup event for each character in the text.

To press a special key, use page.press.

page.type('Hello'); // Types instantly
page.type('World', {delay: 100}); // Types slower, like a user

page.url()

This is a shortcut for page.mainFrame().url()

page.viewport()

  • returns: <Object>
    • width <number> page width in pixels.
    • height <number> page height in pixels.
    • deviceScaleFactor <number> Specify device scale factor (could be though of as dpr). Defaults to 1.
    • isMobile <boolean> Whether the meta viewport tag is taken into account. Defaults to false.
    • hasTouch<boolean> Specifies if viewport supports touch events. Defaults to false
    • isLandscape <boolean> Specifies if viewport is in landscape mode. Defaults to false.

page.waitFor(selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout[, options])

This method behaves differently with respect to the type of the first parameter:

  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a string, than the first argument is treated as a selector to wait for and the method is a shortcut for frame.waitForSelector
  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a function, than the first argument is treated as a predicate to wait for and the method is a shortcut for frame.waitForFunction().
  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a number, than the first argument is treated as a timeout in milliseconds and the method returns a promise which resolves after the timeout
  • otherwise, an exception is thrown

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().waitFor(selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout[, options]).

page.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, options, ...args])

  • pageFunction <function|string> Function to be evaluated in browser context
  • options <Object> Optional waiting parameters
    • polling <string|number> An interval at which the pageFunction is executed, defaults to raf. If polling is a number, then it is treated as an interval in milliseconds at which the function would be executed. If polling is a string, then it could be one of the following values:
      • raf - to constantly execute pageFunction in requestAnimationFrame callback. This is the tightest polling mode which is suitable to observe styling changes.
      • mutation - to execute pageFunction on every DOM mutation.
    • timeout <number> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to 30000 (30 seconds).
  • ...args <...Serializable> Arguments to pass to pageFunction
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the pageFunction returns a truthy value.

The waitForFunction could be used to observe viewport size change:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  const watchDog = page.waitForFunction('window.innerWidth < 100');
  page.setViewport({width: 50, height: 50});
  await watchDog;
  browser.close();
});

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().waitForFunction(pageFunction[, options, ...args]).

page.waitForNavigation(options)

  • options <Object> Navigation parameters which might have the following properties:
    • timeout <number> Maximum navigation time in milliseconds, defaults to 30 seconds.
    • waitUntil <string> When to consider navigation succeeded, defaults to load. Could be either:
      • load - consider navigation to be finished when the load event is fired.
      • networkidle - consider navigation to be finished when the network activity stays "idle" for at least networkIdleTimeout ms.
    • networkIdleInflight <number> Maximum amount of inflight requests which are considered "idle". Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
    • networkIdleTimeout <number> A timeout to wait before completing navigation. Takes effect only with waitUntil: 'networkidle' parameter.
  • returns: <Promise<Response>> Promise which resolves to the main resource response. In case of multiple redirects, the navigation will resolve with the response of the last redirect.

page.waitForSelector(selector[, options])

  • selector <string> A selector of an element to wait for,
  • options <Object> Optional waiting parameters
    • visible <boolean> wait for element to be present in DOM and to be visible, i.e. to not have display: none or visibility: hidden CSS properties. Defaults to false.
    • timeout <number> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to 30000 (30 seconds).
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when element specified by selector string is added to DOM.

Wait for the selector to appear in page. If at the moment of calling the method the selector already exists, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't appear after the timeout milliseconds of waiting, the function will throw.

This method works across navigations:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  let currentURL;
  page
    .waitForSelector('img')
    .then(() => console.log('First URL with image: ' + currentURL));
  for (currentURL of ['https://example.com', 'https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com'])
    await page.goto(currentURL);
  browser.close();
});

Shortcut for page.mainFrame().waitForSelector(selector[, options]).

class: Keyboard

Keyboard provides an api for managing a virtual keyboard. The high level api is page.type, which takes raw characters and generates proper keydown, keypress/input, and keyup events on your page.

For finer control, you can use keyboard.down, keyboard.up, and keyboard.sendCharacter to manually fire events as if they were generated from a real keyboard.

An example of holding down Shift in order to select and delete some text:

page.type('Hello World!');
page.press('ArrowLeft');

page.keyboard.down('Shift');
for (let i = 0; i < ' World'.length; i++)
  page.press('ArrowLeft');
page.keyboard.up('Shift');

page.press('Backspace');
// Result text will end up saying 'Hello!'

keyboard.down(key[, options])

Dispatches a keydown event.

This will not send input events unless text is specified.

If key is a modifier key, Shift, Meta, Control, or Alt, subsequent key presses will be sent with that modifier active. To release the modifier key, use keyboard.up.

After the key is pressed once, subsequent calls to keyboard.down will have repeat set to true. To release the key, use keyboard.up.

keyboard.sendCharacter(char)

  • char <string> Character to send into the page.
  • returns: <Promise>

Dispatches a keypress and input event. This does not send a keydown or keyup event.

page.keyboard.sendCharacter('嗨');

keyboard.up(key)

Dispatches a keyup event.

class: Mouse

mouse.click(x, y, [options])

Shortcut for mouse.move, mouse.down and mouse.up.

mouse.down([options])

Dispatches a mousedown event.

mouse.move(x, y)

Dispatches a mousemove event.

mouse.up([options])

Dispatches a mouseup event.

class: Tracing

You can use tracing.start and tracing.stop to create a trace file which can be opened in Chrome DevTools or timeline viewer.

await page.tracing.start({path: 'trace.json'});
await page.goto('https://www.google.com');
await page.tracing.stop();

tracing.start(options)

  • options <Object>
    • path <string> A path to write the trace file to. required
    • screenshots <boolean> captures screenshots in the trace.
  • returns: <Promise>

Only one trace can be active at a time per browser.

tracing.stop()

class: Dialog

Dialog objects are dispatched by page via the 'dialog' event.

An example of using Dialog class:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  page.on('dialog', dialog => {
    console.log(dialog.message());
    dialog.dismiss();
    browser.close();
  });
  page.evaluate(() => alert('1'));
});

dialog.accept([promptText])

  • promptText <string> A text to enter in prompt. Does not cause any effects if the dialog's type is not prompt.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the dialog has being accepted.

dialog.defaultValue()

  • returns: <string> If dialog is prompt, returns default prompt value. Otherwise, returns empty string.

dialog.dismiss()

  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the dialog has being dismissed.

dialog.message()

  • returns: <string> A message displayed in the dialog.

dialog.type

Dialog's type, could be one of the alert, beforeunload, confirm and prompt.

class: Frame

At every point of time, page exposes its current frame tree via the page.mainFrame() and frame.childFrames() methods.

Frame object's lifecycle is controlled by three events, dispatched on the page object:

  • 'frameattached' - fired when the frame gets attached to the page. Frame could be attached to the page only once.
  • 'framenavigated' - fired when the frame commits navigation to a different URL.
  • 'framedetached' - fired when the frame gets detached from the page. Frame could be detached from the page only once.

An example of dumping frame tree:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://www.google.com/chrome/browser/canary.html');
  dumpFrameTree(page.mainFrame(), '');
  browser.close();

  function dumpFrameTree(frame, indent) {
    console.log(indent + frame.url());
    for (let child of frame.childFrames())
      dumpFrameTree(child, indent + '  ');
  }
});

frame.$(selector)

  • selector <string> Selector to query page for
  • returns: <Promise<ElementHandle>> Promise which resolves to ElementHandle pointing to the page element.

The method queries page for the selector. If there's no such element within the page, the method will resolve to null.

frame.addScriptTag(url)

  • url <string> Url of a script to be added
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves as the script gets added and loads.

Adds a <script> tag to the frame with the desired url. Alternatively, JavaScript could be injected to the frame via frame.injectFile method.

frame.childFrames()

frame.evaluate(pageFunction, ...args)

If the function, passed to the page.evaluate, returns a Promise, then page.evaluate would wait for the promise to resolve and return it's value.

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  const result = await page.evaluate(() => {
    return Promise.resolve(8 * 7);
  });
  console.log(result); // prints "56"
  browser.close();
});

A string can also be passed in instead of a function.

console.log(await page.evaluate('1 + 2')); // prints "3"

frame.injectFile(filePath)

  • filePath <string> Path to the JavaScript file to be injected into frame. If filePath is a relative path, then it is resolved relative to current working directory.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when file gets successfully evaluated in frame.

frame.isDetached()

Returns true if the frame has being detached, or false otherwise.

frame.name()

Returns frame's name attribute as specified in the tag.

If the name is empty, returns the id attribute instead.

NOTE This value is calculated once when the frame is created, and will not update if the attribute is changed later.

frame.parentFrame()

  • returns: <Frame> Returns parent frame, if any. Detached frames and main frames return null.

frame.title()

frame.url()

Returns frame's url.

frame.waitFor(selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout[, options])

This method behaves differently with respect to the type of the first parameter:

  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a string, than the first argument is treated as a selector to wait for and the method is a shortcut for frame.waitForSelector
  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a function, than the first argument is treated as a predicate to wait for and the method is a shortcut for frame.waitForFunction().
  • if selectorOrFunctionOrTimeout is a number, than the first argument is treated as a timeout in milliseconds and the method returns a promise which resolves after the timeout
  • otherwise, an exception is thrown

frame.waitForFunction(pageFunction[, options, ...args])

  • pageFunction <function|string> Function to be evaluated in browser context
  • options <Object> Optional waiting parameters
    • polling <string|number> An interval at which the pageFunction is executed, defaults to raf. If polling is a number, then it is treated as an interval in milliseconds at which the function would be executed. If polling is a string, then it could be one of the following values:
      • raf - to constantly execute pageFunction in requestAnimationFrame callback. This is the tightest polling mode which is suitable to observe styling changes.
      • mutation - to execute pageFunction on every DOM mutation.
    • timeout <number> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to 30000 (30 seconds).
  • ...args <...Serializable> Arguments to pass to pageFunction
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the pageFunction returns a truthy value.

The waitForFunction could be used to observe viewport size change:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  const watchDog = page.waitForFunction('window.innerWidth < 100');
  page.setViewport({width: 50, height: 50});
  await watchDog;
  browser.close();
});

frame.waitForSelector(selector[, options])

  • selector <string> A selector of an element to wait for,
  • options <Object> Optional waiting parameters
    • visible <boolean> wait for element to be present in DOM and to be visible, i.e. to not have display: none or visibility: hidden CSS properties. Defaults to false.
    • timeout <number> maximum time to wait for in milliseconds. Defaults to 30000 (30 seconds).
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when element specified by selector string is added to DOM.

Wait for the selector to appear in page. If at the moment of calling the method the selector already exists, the method will return immediately. If the selector doesn't appear after the timeout milliseconds of waiting, the function will throw.

This method works across navigations:

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');

puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  let currentURL;
  page
    .waitForSelector('img')
    .then(() => console.log('First URL with image: ' + currentURL));
  for (currentURL of ['https://example.com', 'https://google.com', 'https://bbc.com'])
    await page.goto(currentURL);
  browser.close();
});

class: ElementHandle

ElementHandle represents an in-page DOM element. ElementHandles could be created with the page.$ method.

const puppeteer = require('puppeteer');
puppeteer.launch().then(async browser => {
  let page = await browser.newPage();
  await page.goto('https://google.com');
  let inputElement = await page.$('input[type=submit]');
  await inputElement.click();
  // ...
});

ElementHandle prevents DOM element from garbage collection unless the handle is disposed. ElementHandles are auto-disposed when their origin frame gets navigated.

elementHandle.click([options])

  • options <Object>
    • button <string> left, right, or middle, defaults to left.
    • clickCount <number> defaults to 1. See UIEvent.detail.
    • delay <number> Time to wait between mousedown and mouseup in milliseconds. Defaults to 0.
  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element is successfully clicked. Promise gets rejected if the element is detached from DOM.

This method scrolls element into view if needed, and then uses page.mouse to click in the center of the element. If the element is detached from DOM, the method throws an error.

elementHandle.dispose()

  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element handle is successfully disposed.

The elementHandle.dispose method stops referencing the element handle.

elementHandle.evaluate(pageFunction, ...args)

  • pageFunction <function> Function to be evaluated in browser context
  • ...args <...Serializable> Arguments to pass to pageFunction
  • returns: <Promise<Serializable>> Promise which resolves to function return value

If the function, passed to the elementHandle.evaluate, returns a Promise, then elementHandle.evaluate would wait for the promise to resolve and return it's value. The function will be passed in the element ifself as a first argument.

elementHandle.hover()

  • returns: <Promise> Promise which resolves when the element is successfully hovered.

This method scrolls element into view if needed, and then uses page.mouse to hover over the center of the element. If the element is detached from DOM, the method throws an error.

elementHandle.uploadFile(...filePaths)

  • ...filePaths <...string> Sets the value of the file input these paths. If some of the filePaths are relative paths, then they are resolved relative to current working directory.
  • returns: <Promise>

This method expects elementHandle to point to an input element.

class: Request

Whenever the page sends a request, the following events are emitted by puppeteer's page:

  • 'request' emitted when the request is issued by the page.
  • 'response' emitted when/if the response is received for the request.
  • 'requestfinished' emitted when the response body is downloaded and the request is complete.

If request fails at some point, then instead of 'requestfinished' event (and possibly instead of 'response' event), the 'requestfailed' event is emitted.

If request gets a 'redirect' response, the request is successfully finished with the 'requestfinished' event, and a new request is issued to a redirected url.

Request class represents requests which are sent by page. Request implements Body mixin, which in case of HTTP POST requests allows clients to call request.json() or request.text() to get different representations of request's body.

request.abort()

Aborts request. To use this, request interception should be enabled with page.setRequestInterceptionEnabled. Exception is immediately thrown if the request interception is not enabled.

request.continue([overrides])

  • overrides <Object> Optional request overwrites, which could be one of the following:
    • url <string> If set, the request url will be changed
    • method <string> If set changes the request method (e.g. GET or POST)
    • postData <string> If set changes the post data of request
    • headers <Map> If set changes the request HTTP headers

Continues request with optional request overrides. To use this, request interception should be enabled with page.setRequestInterceptionEnabled. Exception is immediately thrown if the request interception is not enabled.

request.headers

  • <Map> A map of HTTP headers associated with the request.

request.method

Contains the request's method (GET, POST, etc.)

request.postData

Contains the request's post body, if any.

request.response()

  • returns: <Response> A matching Response object, or null if the response has not been received yet.

request.url

Contains the URL of the request.

class: Response

Response class represents responses which are received by page. Response implements Body mixin, which allows clients to call response.json() or response.text() to get different representations of response body.

response.buffer()

  • returns: <Promise<Buffer>> Promise which resolves to a buffer with response body.

response.headers

  • <Map> A map of HTTP headers associated with the response.

response.json()

  • returns: <Promise<Object>> Promise which resolves to a JSON representation of response body.

This method will throw if the response body is not parsable via JSON.parse.

response.ok

Contains a boolean stating whether the response was successful (status in the range 200-299) or not.

response.request()

response.status

Contains the status code of the response (e.g., 200 for a success).

response.text()

  • returns: <Promise<[text]>> Promise which resolves to a text representation of response body.

response.url

Contains the URL of the response.