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marshal.c
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/**********************************************************************
marshal.c -
$Author$
$Date$
created at: Thu Apr 27 16:30:01 JST 1995
Copyright (C) 1993-2003 Yukihiro Matsumoto
**********************************************************************/
#include "ruby.h"
#include "rubyio.h"
#include "st.h"
#include "util.h"
#include <math.h>
#ifdef HAVE_FLOAT_H
#include <float.h>
#endif
#define BITSPERSHORT (2*CHAR_BIT)
#define SHORTMASK ((1<<BITSPERSHORT)-1)
#define SHORTDN(x) RSHIFT(x,BITSPERSHORT)
#if SIZEOF_SHORT == SIZEOF_BDIGITS
#define SHORTLEN(x) (x)
#else
static int
shortlen(len, ds)
long len;
BDIGIT *ds;
{
BDIGIT num;
int offset = 0;
num = ds[len-1];
while (num) {
num = SHORTDN(num);
offset++;
}
return (len - 1)*sizeof(BDIGIT)/2 + offset;
}
#define SHORTLEN(x) shortlen((x),d)
#endif
#define MARSHAL_MAJOR 4
#define MARSHAL_MINOR 8
#define TYPE_NIL '0'
#define TYPE_TRUE 'T'
#define TYPE_FALSE 'F'
#define TYPE_FIXNUM 'i'
#define TYPE_EXTENDED 'e'
#define TYPE_UCLASS 'C'
#define TYPE_OBJECT 'o'
#define TYPE_DATA 'd'
#define TYPE_USERDEF 'u'
#define TYPE_USRMARSHAL 'U'
#define TYPE_FLOAT 'f'
#define TYPE_BIGNUM 'l'
#define TYPE_STRING '"'
#define TYPE_REGEXP '/'
#define TYPE_ARRAY '['
#define TYPE_HASH '{'
#define TYPE_HASH_DEF '}'
#define TYPE_STRUCT 'S'
#define TYPE_MODULE_OLD 'M'
#define TYPE_CLASS 'c'
#define TYPE_MODULE 'm'
#define TYPE_SYMBOL ':'
#define TYPE_SYMLINK ';'
#define TYPE_IVAR 'I'
#define TYPE_LINK '@'
static ID s_dump, s_load, s_mdump, s_mload;
static ID s_dump_data, s_load_data, s_alloc;
static ID s_getc, s_read, s_write, s_binmode;
struct dump_arg {
VALUE obj;
VALUE str, dest;
st_table *symbol;
st_table *data;
int taint;
};
struct dump_call_arg {
VALUE obj;
struct dump_arg *arg;
int limit;
};
static void w_long _((long, struct dump_arg*));
static void
w_nbyte(s, n, arg)
char *s;
int n;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
VALUE buf = arg->str;
rb_str_buf_cat(buf, s, n);
if (arg->dest && RSTRING(buf)->len >= BUFSIZ) {
if (arg->taint) OBJ_TAINT(buf);
rb_io_write(arg->dest, buf);
rb_str_resize(buf, 0);
}
}
static void
w_byte(c, arg)
char c;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
w_nbyte(&c, 1, arg);
}
static void
w_bytes(s, n, arg)
char *s;
int n;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
w_long(n, arg);
w_nbyte(s, n, arg);
}
static void
w_short(x, arg)
int x;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
w_byte((x >> 0) & 0xff, arg);
w_byte((x >> 8) & 0xff, arg);
}
static void
w_long(x, arg)
long x;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
char buf[sizeof(long)+1];
int i, len = 0;
#if SIZEOF_LONG > 4
if (!(RSHIFT(x, 31) == 0 || RSHIFT(x, 31) == -1)) {
/* big long does not fit in 4 bytes */
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "long too big to dump");
}
#endif
if (x == 0) {
w_byte(0, arg);
return;
}
if (0 < x && x < 123) {
w_byte(x + 5, arg);
return;
}
if (-124 < x && x < 0) {
w_byte((x - 5)&0xff, arg);
return;
}
for (i=1;i<sizeof(long)+1;i++) {
buf[i] = x & 0xff;
x = RSHIFT(x,8);
if (x == 0) {
buf[0] = i;
break;
}
if (x == -1) {
buf[0] = -i;
break;
}
}
len = i;
for (i=0;i<=len;i++) {
w_byte(buf[i], arg);
}
}
#ifdef DBL_MANT_DIG
#define DECIMAL_MANT (53-16) /* from IEEE754 double precision */
#if DBL_MANT_DIG > 32
#define MANT_BITS 32
#elif DBL_MANT_DIG > 24
#define MANT_BITS 24
#elif DBL_MANT_DIG > 16
#define MANT_BITS 16
#else
#define MANT_BITS 8
#endif
static int
save_mantissa(d, buf)
double d;
char *buf;
{
int e, i = 0;
unsigned long m;
double n;
d = modf(ldexp(frexp(fabs(d), &e), DECIMAL_MANT), &d);
if (d > 0) {
buf[i++] = 0;
do {
d = modf(ldexp(d, MANT_BITS), &n);
m = (unsigned long)n;
#if MANT_BITS > 24
buf[i++] = m >> 24;
#endif
#if MANT_BITS > 16
buf[i++] = m >> 16;
#endif
#if MANT_BITS > 8
buf[i++] = m >> 8;
#endif
buf[i++] = m;
} while (d > 0);
while (!buf[i - 1]) --i;
}
return i;
}
static double
load_mantissa(d, buf, len)
double d;
const char *buf;
int len;
{
if (--len > 0 && !*buf++) { /* binary mantissa mark */
int e, s = d < 0, dig = 0;
unsigned long m;
modf(ldexp(frexp(fabs(d), &e), DECIMAL_MANT), &d);
do {
m = 0;
switch (len) {
default: m = *buf++ & 0xff;
#if MANT_BITS > 24
case 3: m = (m << 8) | (*buf++ & 0xff);
#endif
#if MANT_BITS > 16
case 2: m = (m << 8) | (*buf++ & 0xff);
#endif
#if MANT_BITS > 8
case 1: m = (m << 8) | (*buf++ & 0xff);
#endif
}
dig -= len < MANT_BITS / 8 ? 8 * (unsigned)len : MANT_BITS;
d += ldexp((double)m, dig);
} while ((len -= MANT_BITS / 8) > 0);
d = ldexp(d, e - DECIMAL_MANT);
if (s) d = -d;
}
return d;
}
#else
#define load_mantissa(d, buf, len) (d)
#define save_mantissa(d, buf) 0
#endif
#ifdef DBL_DIG
#define FLOAT_DIG (DBL_DIG+2)
#else
#define FLOAT_DIG 17
#endif
static void
w_float(d, arg)
double d;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
char buf[100];
if (isinf(d)) {
if (d < 0) strcpy(buf, "-inf");
else strcpy(buf, "inf");
}
else if (isnan(d)) {
strcpy(buf, "nan");
}
else if (d == 0.0) {
if (1.0/d < 0) strcpy(buf, "-0");
else strcpy(buf, "0");
}
else {
int len;
/* xxx: should not use system's sprintf(3) */
sprintf(buf, "%.*g", FLOAT_DIG, d);
len = strlen(buf);
w_bytes(buf, len + save_mantissa(d, buf + len), arg);
return;
}
w_bytes(buf, strlen(buf), arg);
}
static void
w_symbol(id, arg)
ID id;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
char *sym = rb_id2name(id);
long num;
if (st_lookup(arg->symbol, id, &num)) {
w_byte(TYPE_SYMLINK, arg);
w_long(num, arg);
}
else {
w_byte(TYPE_SYMBOL, arg);
w_bytes(sym, strlen(sym), arg);
st_add_direct(arg->symbol, id, arg->symbol->num_entries);
}
}
static void
w_unique(s, arg)
char *s;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
if (s[0] == '#') {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't dump anonymous class %s", s);
}
w_symbol(rb_intern(s), arg);
}
static void w_object _((VALUE,struct dump_arg*,int));
static int
hash_each(key, value, arg)
VALUE key, value;
struct dump_call_arg *arg;
{
w_object(key, arg->arg, arg->limit);
w_object(value, arg->arg, arg->limit);
return ST_CONTINUE;
}
static int
obj_each(id, value, arg)
ID id;
VALUE value;
struct dump_call_arg *arg;
{
w_symbol(id, arg->arg);
w_object(value, arg->arg, arg->limit);
return ST_CONTINUE;
}
static void
w_extended(klass, arg)
VALUE klass;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
char *path;
if (FL_TEST(klass, FL_SINGLETON)) {
if (RCLASS(klass)->m_tbl->num_entries ||
(RCLASS(klass)->iv_tbl && RCLASS(klass)->iv_tbl->num_entries > 1)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "singleton can't be dumped");
}
klass = RCLASS(klass)->super;
}
while (BUILTIN_TYPE(klass) == T_ICLASS) {
path = rb_class2name(RBASIC(klass)->klass);
w_byte(TYPE_EXTENDED, arg);
w_unique(path, arg);
klass = RCLASS(klass)->super;
}
}
static void
w_class(type, obj, arg)
int type;
VALUE obj;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
char *path;
VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(obj);
w_extended(klass, arg);
w_byte(type, arg);
path = rb_class2name(klass);
w_unique(path, arg);
}
static void
w_uclass(obj, base_klass, arg)
VALUE obj, base_klass;
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
VALUE klass = CLASS_OF(obj);
w_extended(klass, arg);
if (klass != base_klass) {
w_byte(TYPE_UCLASS, arg);
w_unique(rb_obj_classname(obj), arg);
}
}
static void
w_ivar(tbl, arg)
st_table *tbl;
struct dump_call_arg *arg;
{
if (tbl) {
w_long(tbl->num_entries, arg->arg);
st_foreach(tbl, obj_each, (st_data_t)arg);
}
else {
w_long(0, arg->arg);
}
}
static void
w_object(obj, arg, limit)
VALUE obj;
struct dump_arg *arg;
int limit;
{
struct dump_call_arg c_arg;
st_table *ivtbl = 0;
if (limit == 0) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "exceed depth limit");
}
if (obj == Qnil) {
w_byte(TYPE_NIL, arg);
}
else if (obj == Qtrue) {
w_byte(TYPE_TRUE, arg);
}
else if (obj == Qfalse) {
w_byte(TYPE_FALSE, arg);
}
else if (FIXNUM_P(obj)) {
#if SIZEOF_LONG <= 4
w_byte(TYPE_FIXNUM, arg);
w_long(FIX2INT(obj), arg);
#else
if (RSHIFT((long)obj, 31) == 0 || RSHIFT((long)obj, 31) == -1) {
w_byte(TYPE_FIXNUM, arg);
w_long(FIX2LONG(obj), arg);
}
else {
w_object(rb_int2big(FIX2LONG(obj)), arg, limit);
return;
}
#endif
}
else if (SYMBOL_P(obj)) {
w_symbol(SYM2ID(obj), arg);
return;
}
else {
long num;
limit--;
c_arg.limit = limit;
c_arg.arg = arg;
if (st_lookup(arg->data, obj, &num)) {
w_byte(TYPE_LINK, arg);
w_long(num, arg);
return;
}
if (OBJ_TAINTED(obj)) arg->taint = Qtrue;
if (ivtbl = rb_generic_ivar_table(obj)) {
w_byte(TYPE_IVAR, arg);
}
st_add_direct(arg->data, obj, arg->data->num_entries);
if (rb_respond_to(obj, s_mdump)) {
VALUE v;
v = rb_funcall(obj, s_mdump, 0, 0);
w_class(TYPE_USRMARSHAL, obj, arg);
w_object(v, arg, limit);
if (ivtbl) w_ivar(ivtbl, &c_arg);
return;
}
if (rb_respond_to(obj, s_dump)) {
VALUE v;
v = rb_funcall(obj, s_dump, 1, INT2NUM(limit));
if (TYPE(v) != T_STRING) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "_dump() must return string");
}
w_class(TYPE_USERDEF, obj, arg);
w_bytes(RSTRING(v)->ptr, RSTRING(v)->len, arg);
if (ivtbl) w_ivar(ivtbl, &c_arg);
return;
}
switch (BUILTIN_TYPE(obj)) {
case T_CLASS:
if (FL_TEST(obj, FL_SINGLETON)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "singleton class can't be dumped");
}
w_byte(TYPE_CLASS, arg);
{
VALUE path = rb_class_path(obj);
if (RSTRING(path)->ptr[0] == '#') {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't dump anonymous class %s",
RSTRING(path)->ptr);
}
w_bytes(RSTRING(path)->ptr, RSTRING(path)->len, arg);
}
break;
case T_MODULE:
w_byte(TYPE_MODULE, arg);
{
VALUE path = rb_class_path(obj);
if (RSTRING(path)->ptr[0] == '#') {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't dump anonymous module %s",
RSTRING(path)->ptr);
}
w_bytes(RSTRING(path)->ptr, RSTRING(path)->len, arg);
}
break;
case T_FLOAT:
w_byte(TYPE_FLOAT, arg);
w_float(RFLOAT(obj)->value, arg);
break;
case T_BIGNUM:
w_byte(TYPE_BIGNUM, arg);
{
char sign = RBIGNUM(obj)->sign ? '+' : '-';
long len = RBIGNUM(obj)->len;
BDIGIT *d = RBIGNUM(obj)->digits;
w_byte(sign, arg);
w_long(SHORTLEN(len), arg); /* w_short? */
while (len--) {
#if SIZEOF_BDIGITS > SIZEOF_SHORT
BDIGIT num = *d;
int i;
for (i=0; i<SIZEOF_BDIGITS; i+=SIZEOF_SHORT) {
w_short(num & SHORTMASK, arg);
num = SHORTDN(num);
if (len == 0 && num == 0) break;
}
#else
w_short(*d, arg);
#endif
d++;
}
}
break;
case T_STRING:
w_uclass(obj, rb_cString, arg);
w_byte(TYPE_STRING, arg);
w_bytes(RSTRING(obj)->ptr, RSTRING(obj)->len, arg);
break;
case T_REGEXP:
w_uclass(obj, rb_cRegexp, arg);
w_byte(TYPE_REGEXP, arg);
w_bytes(RREGEXP(obj)->str, RREGEXP(obj)->len, arg);
w_byte(rb_reg_options(obj), arg);
break;
case T_ARRAY:
w_uclass(obj, rb_cArray, arg);
w_byte(TYPE_ARRAY, arg);
{
long len = RARRAY(obj)->len;
VALUE *ptr = RARRAY(obj)->ptr;
w_long(len, arg);
while (len--) {
w_object(*ptr, arg, limit);
ptr++;
}
}
break;
case T_HASH:
w_uclass(obj, rb_cHash, arg);
if (NIL_P(RHASH(obj)->ifnone)) {
w_byte(TYPE_HASH, arg);
}
else if (FL_TEST(obj, FL_USER2)) {
/* FL_USER2 means HASH_PROC_DEFAULT (see hash.c) */
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "cannot dump hash with default proc");
}
else {
w_byte(TYPE_HASH_DEF, arg);
}
w_long(RHASH(obj)->tbl->num_entries, arg);
st_foreach(RHASH(obj)->tbl, hash_each, (st_data_t)&c_arg);
if (!NIL_P(RHASH(obj)->ifnone)) {
w_object(RHASH(obj)->ifnone, arg, limit);
}
break;
case T_STRUCT:
w_class(TYPE_STRUCT, obj, arg);
{
long len = RSTRUCT(obj)->len;
VALUE mem;
long i;
w_long(len, arg);
mem = rb_struct_iv_get(rb_obj_class(obj), "__member__");
if (mem == Qnil) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "uninitialized struct");
}
for (i=0; i<len; i++) {
w_symbol(SYM2ID(RARRAY(mem)->ptr[i]), arg);
w_object(RSTRUCT(obj)->ptr[i], arg, limit);
}
}
break;
case T_OBJECT:
w_class(TYPE_OBJECT, obj, arg);
w_ivar(ROBJECT(obj)->iv_tbl, &c_arg);
break;
case T_DATA:
{
VALUE v;
w_class(TYPE_DATA, obj, arg);
if (!rb_respond_to(obj, s_dump_data)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError,
"class %s needs to have instance method `_dump_data'",
rb_obj_classname(obj));
}
v = rb_funcall(obj, s_dump_data, 0);
w_object(v, arg, limit);
}
break;
default:
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "can't dump %s",
rb_obj_classname(obj));
break;
}
}
if (ivtbl) {
w_ivar(ivtbl, &c_arg);
}
}
static VALUE
dump(arg)
struct dump_call_arg *arg;
{
w_object(arg->obj, arg->arg, arg->limit);
if (arg->arg->dest) {
rb_io_write(arg->arg->dest, arg->arg->str);
rb_str_resize(arg->arg->str, 0);
}
return 0;
}
static VALUE
dump_ensure(arg)
struct dump_arg *arg;
{
st_free_table(arg->symbol);
st_free_table(arg->data);
if (arg->taint) {
OBJ_TAINT(arg->str);
}
return 0;
}
static VALUE
marshal_dump(argc, argv)
int argc;
VALUE* argv;
{
VALUE obj, port, a1, a2;
int limit = -1;
struct dump_arg arg;
struct dump_call_arg c_arg;
port = Qnil;
rb_scan_args(argc, argv, "12", &obj, &a1, &a2);
if (argc == 3) {
if (!NIL_P(a2)) limit = NUM2INT(a2);
if (NIL_P(a1)) goto type_error;
port = a1;
}
else if (argc == 2) {
if (FIXNUM_P(a1)) limit = FIX2INT(a1);
else if (NIL_P(a1)) goto type_error;
else port = a1;
}
arg.dest = 0;
if (!NIL_P(port)) {
if (!rb_respond_to(port, s_write)) {
type_error:
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "instance of IO needed");
}
arg.str = rb_str_buf_new(0);
arg.dest = port;
if (rb_respond_to(port, s_binmode)) {
rb_funcall2(port, s_binmode, 0, 0);
}
}
else {
port = rb_str_buf_new(0);
arg.str = port;
}
arg.symbol = st_init_numtable();
arg.data = st_init_numtable();
arg.taint = Qfalse;
c_arg.obj = obj;
c_arg.arg = &arg;
c_arg.limit = limit;
w_byte(MARSHAL_MAJOR, &arg);
w_byte(MARSHAL_MINOR, &arg);
rb_ensure(dump, (VALUE)&c_arg, dump_ensure, (VALUE)&arg);
return port;
}
struct load_arg {
char *ptr, *end;
st_table *symbol;
VALUE data;
VALUE proc;
int taint;
};
static VALUE r_object _((struct load_arg *arg));
static int
r_byte(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
int c;
if (!arg->end) {
VALUE src = (VALUE)arg->ptr;
VALUE v = rb_funcall2(src, s_getc, 0, 0);
if (NIL_P(v)) rb_eof_error();
c = (unsigned char)FIX2INT(v);
}
else if (arg->ptr < arg->end) {
c = *(unsigned char*)arg->ptr++;
}
else {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "marshal data too short");
}
return c;
}
static void
long_toobig(size)
int size;
{
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "long too big for this architecture (size %d, given %d)",
sizeof(long), size);
}
#undef SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR
#if __STDC__
# define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((signed char)(c))
#else /* not __STDC__ */
/* As in Harbison and Steele. */
# define SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(c) ((((unsigned char)(c)) ^ 128) - 128)
#endif
static long
r_long(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
register long x;
int c = SIGN_EXTEND_CHAR(r_byte(arg));
long i;
if (c == 0) return 0;
if (c > 0) {
if (4 < c && c < 128) {
return c - 5;
}
if (c > sizeof(long)) long_toobig(c);
x = 0;
for (i=0;i<c;i++) {
x |= (long)r_byte(arg) << (8*i);
}
}
else {
if (-129 < c && c < -4) {
return c + 5;
}
c = -c;
if (c > sizeof(long)) long_toobig(c);
x = -1;
for (i=0;i<c;i++) {
x &= ~((long)0xff << (8*i));
x |= (long)r_byte(arg) << (8*i);
}
}
return x;
}
#define r_bytes(arg) r_bytes0(r_long(arg), (arg))
static VALUE
r_bytes0(len, arg)
long len;
struct load_arg *arg;
{
VALUE str;
if (!arg->end) {
VALUE src = (VALUE)arg->ptr;
VALUE n = LONG2NUM(len);
str = rb_funcall2(src, s_read, 1, &n);
if (NIL_P(str)) goto too_short;
StringValue(str);
if (RSTRING(str)->len != len) goto too_short;
if (OBJ_TAINTED(str)) arg->taint = Qtrue;
}
else {
if (arg->ptr + len > arg->end) {
too_short:
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "marshal data too short");
}
str = rb_str_new(arg->ptr, len);
arg->ptr += len;
}
return str;
}
static ID
r_symlink(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
ID id;
long num = r_long(arg);
if (st_lookup(arg->symbol, num, &id)) {
return id;
}
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "bad symbol");
}
static ID
r_symreal(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
ID id;
id = rb_intern(RSTRING(r_bytes(arg))->ptr);
st_insert(arg->symbol, arg->symbol->num_entries, id);
return id;
}
static ID
r_symbol(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
if (r_byte(arg) == TYPE_SYMLINK) {
return r_symlink(arg);
}
return r_symreal(arg);
}
static char*
r_unique(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
return rb_id2name(r_symbol(arg));
}
static VALUE
r_string(arg)
struct load_arg *arg;
{
return r_bytes(arg);
}
static VALUE
r_regist(v, arg)
VALUE v;
struct load_arg *arg;
{
rb_hash_aset(arg->data, INT2FIX(RHASH(arg->data)->tbl->num_entries), v);
if (arg->taint) OBJ_TAINT(v);
return v;
}
static void
r_ivar(obj, arg)
VALUE obj;
struct load_arg *arg;
{
long len;
len = r_long(arg);
if (len > 0) {
while (len--) {
ID id = r_symbol(arg);
VALUE val = r_object(arg);
rb_ivar_set(obj, id, val);
}
}
}
static VALUE
path2class(path)
char *path;
{
VALUE v = rb_path2class(path);
if (TYPE(v) != T_CLASS) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%s does not refer class", path);
}
return v;
}
static VALUE
path2module(path)
char *path;
{
VALUE v = rb_path2class(path);
if (TYPE(v) != T_MODULE) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "%s does not refer module", path);
}
return v;
}
static VALUE
r_object0(arg, proc)
struct load_arg *arg;
VALUE proc;
{
VALUE v = Qnil;
int type = r_byte(arg);
long id;
switch (type) {
case TYPE_LINK:
id = r_long(arg);
v = rb_hash_aref(arg->data, LONG2FIX(id));
if (NIL_P(v)) {
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "dump format error (unlinked)");
}
return v;
case TYPE_IVAR:
v = r_object0(arg, 0);
r_ivar(v, arg);
break;
case TYPE_EXTENDED:
{
VALUE m = path2module(r_unique(arg));
v = r_object0(arg, 0);
rb_extend_object(v, m);
}
break;
case TYPE_UCLASS:
{
VALUE c = path2class(r_unique(arg));
if (FL_TEST(c, FL_SINGLETON)) {
rb_raise(rb_eTypeError, "singleton can't be loaded");
}
v = r_object0(arg, 0);
if (rb_special_const_p(v) || TYPE(v) == T_OBJECT || TYPE(v) == T_CLASS) {
format_error:
rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "dump format error (user class)");
}
if (TYPE(v) == T_MODULE || !RTEST(rb_funcall(c, '<', 1, RBASIC(v)->klass))) {
VALUE tmp = rb_obj_alloc(c);
if (TYPE(v) != TYPE(tmp)) goto format_error;
}
RBASIC(v)->klass = c;
}