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parse.y
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/*
** 2001 September 15
**
** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
**
** May you do good and not evil.
** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
** May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
**
*************************************************************************
** This file contains SQLite's grammar for SQL. Process this file
** using the lemon parser generator to generate C code that runs
** the parser. Lemon will also generate a header file containing
** numeric codes for all of the tokens.
*/
// All token codes are small integers with #defines that begin with "TK_"
%token_prefix TK_
// The type of the data attached to each token is Token. This is also the
// default type for non-terminals.
//
%token_type {Token}
%default_type {Token}
// The generated parser function takes a 4th argument as follows:
%extra_argument {Parse *pParse}
// This code runs whenever there is a syntax error
//
%syntax_error {
UNUSED_PARAMETER(yymajor); /* Silence some compiler warnings */
assert( TOKEN.z[0] ); /* The tokenizer always gives us a token */
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", &TOKEN);
}
%stack_overflow {
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "parser stack overflow");
}
// The name of the generated procedure that implements the parser
// is as follows:
%name sqlite3Parser
// The following text is included near the beginning of the C source
// code file that implements the parser.
//
%include {
#include "sqliteInt.h"
/*
** Disable all error recovery processing in the parser push-down
** automaton.
*/
#define YYNOERRORRECOVERY 1
/*
** Make yytestcase() the same as testcase()
*/
#define yytestcase(X) testcase(X)
/*
** Indicate that sqlite3ParserFree() will never be called with a null
** pointer.
*/
#define YYPARSEFREENEVERNULL 1
/*
** Alternative datatype for the argument to the malloc() routine passed
** into sqlite3ParserAlloc(). The default is size_t.
*/
#define YYMALLOCARGTYPE u64
/*
** An instance of this structure holds information about the
** LIMIT clause of a SELECT statement.
*/
struct LimitVal {
Expr *pLimit; /* The LIMIT expression. NULL if there is no limit */
Expr *pOffset; /* The OFFSET expression. NULL if there is none */
};
/*
** An instance of this structure is used to store the LIKE,
** GLOB, NOT LIKE, and NOT GLOB operators.
*/
struct LikeOp {
Token eOperator; /* "like" or "glob" or "regexp" */
int bNot; /* True if the NOT keyword is present */
};
/*
** An instance of the following structure describes the event of a
** TRIGGER. "a" is the event type, one of TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT,
** TK_DELETE, or TK_INSTEAD. If the event is of the form
**
** UPDATE ON (a,b,c)
**
** Then the "b" IdList records the list "a,b,c".
*/
struct TrigEvent { int a; IdList * b; };
/*
** An instance of this structure holds the ATTACH key and the key type.
*/
struct AttachKey { int type; Token key; };
/*
** Disable lookaside memory allocation for objects that might be
** shared across database connections.
*/
static void disableLookaside(Parse *pParse){
pParse->disableLookaside++;
pParse->db->lookaside.bDisable++;
}
} // end %include
// Input is a single SQL command
input ::= cmdlist.
cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd.
cmdlist ::= ecmd.
ecmd ::= SEMI.
ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI.
explain ::= .
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
explain ::= EXPLAIN. { pParse->explain = 1; }
explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN. { pParse->explain = 2; }
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_EXPLAIN
cmdx ::= cmd. { sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse); }
///////////////////// Begin and end transactions. ////////////////////////////
//
cmd ::= BEGIN transtype(Y) trans_opt. {sqlite3BeginTransaction(pParse, Y);}
trans_opt ::= .
trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION.
trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION nm.
%type transtype {int}
transtype(A) ::= . {A = TK_DEFERRED;}
transtype(A) ::= DEFERRED(X). {A = @X; /*A-overwrites-X*/}
transtype(A) ::= IMMEDIATE(X). {A = @X; /*A-overwrites-X*/}
transtype(A) ::= EXCLUSIVE(X). {A = @X; /*A-overwrites-X*/}
cmd ::= COMMIT trans_opt. {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
cmd ::= END trans_opt. {sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt. {sqlite3RollbackTransaction(pParse);}
savepoint_opt ::= SAVEPOINT.
savepoint_opt ::= .
cmd ::= SAVEPOINT nm(X). {
sqlite3Savepoint(pParse, SAVEPOINT_BEGIN, &X);
}
cmd ::= RELEASE savepoint_opt nm(X). {
sqlite3Savepoint(pParse, SAVEPOINT_RELEASE, &X);
}
cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt TO savepoint_opt nm(X). {
sqlite3Savepoint(pParse, SAVEPOINT_ROLLBACK, &X);
}
///////////////////// The CREATE TABLE statement ////////////////////////////
//
cmd ::= create_table create_table_args.
create_table ::= createkw temp(T) TABLE ifnotexists(E) nm(Y) dbnm(Z). {
sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&Y,&Z,T,0,0,E);
}
createkw(A) ::= CREATE(A). {disableLookaside(pParse);}
%type ifnotexists {int}
ifnotexists(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
ifnotexists(A) ::= IF NOT EXISTS. {A = 1;}
%type temp {int}
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
temp(A) ::= TEMP. {A = 1;}
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
temp(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt(X) RP(E) table_options(F). {
sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&X,&E,F,0);
}
create_table_args ::= AS select(S). {
sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,0,0,S);
sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, S);
}
%type table_options {int}
table_options(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
table_options(A) ::= WITHOUT nm(X). {
if( X.n==5 && sqlite3_strnicmp(X.z,"rowid",5)==0 ){
A = TF_WithoutRowid | TF_NoVisibleRowid;
}else{
A = 0;
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "unknown table option: %.*s", X.n, X.z);
}
}
columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA columnname carglist.
columnlist ::= columnname carglist.
columnname(A) ::= nm(A) typetoken(Y). {sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&A,&Y);}
// An IDENTIFIER can be a generic identifier, or one of several
// keywords. Any non-standard keyword can also be an identifier.
//
%token_class id ID|INDEXED.
// The following directive causes tokens ABORT, AFTER, ASC, etc. to
// fallback to ID if they will not parse as their original value.
// This obviates the need for the "id" nonterminal.
//
%fallback ID
ABORT ACTION AFTER ANALYZE ASC ATTACH BEFORE BEGIN BY CASCADE CAST COLUMNKW
CONFLICT DATABASE DEFERRED DESC DETACH EACH END EXCLUSIVE EXPLAIN FAIL FOR
IGNORE IMMEDIATE INITIALLY INSTEAD LIKE_KW MATCH NO PLAN
QUERY KEY OF OFFSET PRAGMA RAISE RECURSIVE RELEASE REPLACE RESTRICT ROW
ROLLBACK SAVEPOINT TEMP TRIGGER VACUUM VIEW VIRTUAL WITH WITHOUT
%ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
EXCEPT INTERSECT UNION
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
REINDEX RENAME CTIME_KW IF
.
%wildcard ANY.
// Define operator precedence early so that this is the first occurrence
// of the operator tokens in the grammer. Keeping the operators together
// causes them to be assigned integer values that are close together,
// which keeps parser tables smaller.
//
// The token values assigned to these symbols is determined by the order
// in which lemon first sees them. It must be the case that ISNULL/NOTNULL,
// NE/EQ, GT/LE, and GE/LT are separated by only a single value. See
// the sqlite3ExprIfFalse() routine for additional information on this
// constraint.
//
%left OR.
%left AND.
%right NOT.
%left IS MATCH LIKE_KW BETWEEN IN ISNULL NOTNULL NE EQ.
%left GT LE LT GE.
%right ESCAPE.
%left BITAND BITOR LSHIFT RSHIFT.
%left PLUS MINUS.
%left STAR SLASH REM.
%left CONCAT.
%left COLLATE.
%right BITNOT.
// And "ids" is an identifer-or-string.
//
%token_class ids ID|STRING.
// The name of a column or table can be any of the following:
//
%type nm {Token}
nm(A) ::= id(A).
nm(A) ::= STRING(A).
nm(A) ::= JOIN_KW(A).
// A typetoken is really zero or more tokens that form a type name such
// as can be found after the column name in a CREATE TABLE statement.
// Multiple tokens are concatenated to form the value of the typetoken.
//
%type typetoken {Token}
typetoken(A) ::= . {A.n = 0; A.z = 0;}
typetoken(A) ::= typename(A).
typetoken(A) ::= typename(A) LP signed RP(Y). {
A.n = (int)(&Y.z[Y.n] - A.z);
}
typetoken(A) ::= typename(A) LP signed COMMA signed RP(Y). {
A.n = (int)(&Y.z[Y.n] - A.z);
}
%type typename {Token}
typename(A) ::= ids(A).
typename(A) ::= typename(A) ids(Y). {A.n=Y.n+(int)(Y.z-A.z);}
signed ::= plus_num.
signed ::= minus_num.
// "carglist" is a list of additional constraints that come after the
// column name and column type in a CREATE TABLE statement.
//
carglist ::= carglist ccons.
carglist ::= .
ccons ::= CONSTRAINT nm(X). {pParse->constraintName = X;}
ccons ::= DEFAULT term(X). {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,&X);}
ccons ::= DEFAULT LP expr(X) RP. {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,&X);}
ccons ::= DEFAULT PLUS term(X). {sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,&X);}
ccons ::= DEFAULT MINUS(A) term(X). {
ExprSpan v;
v.pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UMINUS, X.pExpr, 0, 0);
v.zStart = A.z;
v.zEnd = X.zEnd;
sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,&v);
}
ccons ::= DEFAULT id(X). {
ExprSpan v;
spanExpr(&v, pParse, TK_STRING, X);
sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,&v);
}
// In addition to the type name, we also care about the primary key and
// UNIQUE constraints.
//
ccons ::= NULL onconf.
ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf(R). {sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, R);}
ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder(Z) onconf(R) autoinc(I).
{sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,R,I,Z);}
ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf(R). {sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,R,0,0,0,0);}
ccons ::= CHECK LP expr(X) RP. {sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,X.pExpr);}
ccons ::= REFERENCES nm(T) eidlist_opt(TA) refargs(R).
{sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&T,TA,R);}
ccons ::= defer_subclause(D). {sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,D);}
ccons ::= COLLATE ids(C). {sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, &C);}
// The optional AUTOINCREMENT keyword
%type autoinc {int}
autoinc(X) ::= . {X = 0;}
autoinc(X) ::= AUTOINCR. {X = 1;}
// The next group of rules parses the arguments to a REFERENCES clause
// that determine if the referential integrity checking is deferred or
// or immediate and which determine what action to take if a ref-integ
// check fails.
//
%type refargs {int}
refargs(A) ::= . { A = OE_None*0x0101; /* EV: R-19803-45884 */}
refargs(A) ::= refargs(A) refarg(Y). { A = (A & ~Y.mask) | Y.value; }
%type refarg {struct {int value; int mask;}}
refarg(A) ::= MATCH nm. { A.value = 0; A.mask = 0x000000; }
refarg(A) ::= ON INSERT refact. { A.value = 0; A.mask = 0x000000; }
refarg(A) ::= ON DELETE refact(X). { A.value = X; A.mask = 0x0000ff; }
refarg(A) ::= ON UPDATE refact(X). { A.value = X<<8; A.mask = 0x00ff00; }
%type refact {int}
refact(A) ::= SET NULL. { A = OE_SetNull; /* EV: R-33326-45252 */}
refact(A) ::= SET DEFAULT. { A = OE_SetDflt; /* EV: R-33326-45252 */}
refact(A) ::= CASCADE. { A = OE_Cascade; /* EV: R-33326-45252 */}
refact(A) ::= RESTRICT. { A = OE_Restrict; /* EV: R-33326-45252 */}
refact(A) ::= NO ACTION. { A = OE_None; /* EV: R-33326-45252 */}
%type defer_subclause {int}
defer_subclause(A) ::= NOT DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt. {A = 0;}
defer_subclause(A) ::= DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt(X). {A = X;}
%type init_deferred_pred_opt {int}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED. {A = 1;}
init_deferred_pred_opt(A) ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE. {A = 0;}
conslist_opt(A) ::= . {A.n = 0; A.z = 0;}
conslist_opt(A) ::= COMMA(A) conslist.
conslist ::= conslist tconscomma tcons.
conslist ::= tcons.
tconscomma ::= COMMA. {pParse->constraintName.n = 0;}
tconscomma ::= .
tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm(X). {pParse->constraintName = X;}
tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP sortlist(X) autoinc(I) RP onconf(R).
{sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,X,R,I,0);}
tcons ::= UNIQUE LP sortlist(X) RP onconf(R).
{sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,X,R,0,0,0,0);}
tcons ::= CHECK LP expr(E) RP onconf.
{sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,E.pExpr);}
tcons ::= FOREIGN KEY LP eidlist(FA) RP
REFERENCES nm(T) eidlist_opt(TA) refargs(R) defer_subclause_opt(D). {
sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse, FA, &T, TA, R);
sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse, D);
}
%type defer_subclause_opt {int}
defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
defer_subclause_opt(A) ::= defer_subclause(A).
// The following is a non-standard extension that allows us to declare the
// default behavior when there is a constraint conflict.
//
%type onconf {int}
%type orconf {int}
%type resolvetype {int}
onconf(A) ::= . {A = OE_Default;}
onconf(A) ::= ON CONFLICT resolvetype(X). {A = X;}
orconf(A) ::= . {A = OE_Default;}
orconf(A) ::= OR resolvetype(X). {A = X;}
resolvetype(A) ::= raisetype(A).
resolvetype(A) ::= IGNORE. {A = OE_Ignore;}
resolvetype(A) ::= REPLACE. {A = OE_Replace;}
////////////////////////// The DROP TABLE /////////////////////////////////////
//
cmd ::= DROP TABLE ifexists(E) fullname(X). {
sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 0, E);
}
%type ifexists {int}
ifexists(A) ::= IF EXISTS. {A = 1;}
ifexists(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
///////////////////// The CREATE VIEW statement /////////////////////////////
//
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
cmd ::= createkw(X) temp(T) VIEW ifnotexists(E) nm(Y) dbnm(Z) eidlist_opt(C)
AS select(S). {
sqlite3CreateView(pParse, &X, &Y, &Z, C, S, T, E);
}
cmd ::= DROP VIEW ifexists(E) fullname(X). {
sqlite3DropTable(pParse, X, 1, E);
}
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW
//////////////////////// The SELECT statement /////////////////////////////////
//
cmd ::= select(X). {
SelectDest dest = {SRT_Output, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0};
sqlite3Select(pParse, X, &dest);
sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, X);
}
%type select {Select*}
%destructor select {sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type selectnowith {Select*}
%destructor selectnowith {sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type oneselect {Select*}
%destructor oneselect {sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%include {
/*
** For a compound SELECT statement, make sure p->pPrior->pNext==p for
** all elements in the list. And make sure list length does not exceed
** SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT.
*/
static void parserDoubleLinkSelect(Parse *pParse, Select *p){
if( p->pPrior ){
Select *pNext = 0, *pLoop;
int mxSelect, cnt = 0;
for(pLoop=p; pLoop; pNext=pLoop, pLoop=pLoop->pPrior, cnt++){
pLoop->pNext = pNext;
pLoop->selFlags |= SF_Compound;
}
if( (p->selFlags & SF_MultiValue)==0 &&
(mxSelect = pParse->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT])>0 &&
cnt>mxSelect
){
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "too many terms in compound SELECT");
}
}
}
}
select(A) ::= with(W) selectnowith(X). {
Select *p = X;
if( p ){
p->pWith = W;
parserDoubleLinkSelect(pParse, p);
}else{
sqlite3WithDelete(pParse->db, W);
}
A = p; /*A-overwrites-W*/
}
selectnowith(A) ::= oneselect(A).
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
selectnowith(A) ::= selectnowith(A) multiselect_op(Y) oneselect(Z). {
Select *pRhs = Z;
Select *pLhs = A;
if( pRhs && pRhs->pPrior ){
SrcList *pFrom;
Token x;
x.n = 0;
parserDoubleLinkSelect(pParse, pRhs);
pFrom = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,0,0,0,&x,pRhs,0,0);
pRhs = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,0,pFrom,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
}
if( pRhs ){
pRhs->op = (u8)Y;
pRhs->pPrior = pLhs;
if( ALWAYS(pLhs) ) pLhs->selFlags &= ~SF_MultiValue;
pRhs->selFlags &= ~SF_MultiValue;
if( Y!=TK_ALL ) pParse->hasCompound = 1;
}else{
sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, pLhs);
}
A = pRhs;
}
%type multiselect_op {int}
multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION(OP). {A = @OP; /*A-overwrites-OP*/}
multiselect_op(A) ::= UNION ALL. {A = TK_ALL;}
multiselect_op(A) ::= EXCEPT|INTERSECT(OP). {A = @OP; /*A-overwrites-OP*/}
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT
oneselect(A) ::= SELECT(S) distinct(D) selcollist(W) from(X) where_opt(Y)
groupby_opt(P) having_opt(Q) orderby_opt(Z) limit_opt(L). {
#if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
Token s = S; /*A-overwrites-S*/
#endif
A = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,W,X,Y,P,Q,Z,D,L.pLimit,L.pOffset);
#if SELECTTRACE_ENABLED
/* Populate the Select.zSelName[] string that is used to help with
** query planner debugging, to differentiate between multiple Select
** objects in a complex query.
**
** If the SELECT keyword is immediately followed by a C-style comment
** then extract the first few alphanumeric characters from within that
** comment to be the zSelName value. Otherwise, the label is #N where
** is an integer that is incremented with each SELECT statement seen.
*/
if( A!=0 ){
const char *z = s.z+6;
int i;
sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(A->zSelName), A->zSelName, "#%d",
++pParse->nSelect);
while( z[0]==' ' ) z++;
if( z[0]=='/' && z[1]=='*' ){
z += 2;
while( z[0]==' ' ) z++;
for(i=0; sqlite3Isalnum(z[i]); i++){}
sqlite3_snprintf(sizeof(A->zSelName), A->zSelName, "%.*s", i, z);
}
}
#endif /* SELECTRACE_ENABLED */
}
oneselect(A) ::= values(A).
%type values {Select*}
%destructor values {sqlite3SelectDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
values(A) ::= VALUES LP nexprlist(X) RP. {
A = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,X,0,0,0,0,0,SF_Values,0,0);
}
values(A) ::= values(A) COMMA LP exprlist(Y) RP. {
Select *pRight, *pLeft = A;
pRight = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,Y,0,0,0,0,0,SF_Values|SF_MultiValue,0,0);
if( ALWAYS(pLeft) ) pLeft->selFlags &= ~SF_MultiValue;
if( pRight ){
pRight->op = TK_ALL;
pRight->pPrior = pLeft;
A = pRight;
}else{
A = pLeft;
}
}
// The "distinct" nonterminal is true (1) if the DISTINCT keyword is
// present and false (0) if it is not.
//
%type distinct {int}
distinct(A) ::= DISTINCT. {A = SF_Distinct;}
distinct(A) ::= ALL. {A = SF_All;}
distinct(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
// selcollist is a list of expressions that are to become the return
// values of the SELECT statement. The "*" in statements like
// "SELECT * FROM ..." is encoded as a special expression with an
// opcode of TK_ASTERISK.
//
%type selcollist {ExprList*}
%destructor selcollist {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type sclp {ExprList*}
%destructor sclp {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
sclp(A) ::= selcollist(A) COMMA.
sclp(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) expr(X) as(Y). {
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, A, X.pExpr);
if( Y.n>0 ) sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, A, &Y, 1);
sqlite3ExprListSetSpan(pParse,A,&X);
}
selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) STAR. {
Expr *p = sqlite3Expr(pParse->db, TK_ASTERISK, 0);
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, A, p);
}
selcollist(A) ::= sclp(A) nm(X) DOT STAR(Y). {
Expr *pRight = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ASTERISK, 0, 0, &Y);
Expr *pLeft = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
Expr *pDot = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight, 0);
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,A, pDot);
}
// An option "AS <id>" phrase that can follow one of the expressions that
// define the result set, or one of the tables in the FROM clause.
//
%type as {Token}
as(X) ::= AS nm(Y). {X = Y;}
as(X) ::= ids(X).
as(X) ::= . {X.n = 0; X.z = 0;}
%type seltablist {SrcList*}
%destructor seltablist {sqlite3SrcListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type stl_prefix {SrcList*}
%destructor stl_prefix {sqlite3SrcListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type from {SrcList*}
%destructor from {sqlite3SrcListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
// A complete FROM clause.
//
from(A) ::= . {A = sqlite3DbMallocZero(pParse->db, sizeof(*A));}
from(A) ::= FROM seltablist(X). {
A = X;
sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(A);
}
// "seltablist" is a "Select Table List" - the content of the FROM clause
// in a SELECT statement. "stl_prefix" is a prefix of this list.
//
stl_prefix(A) ::= seltablist(A) joinop(Y). {
if( ALWAYS(A && A->nSrc>0) ) A->a[A->nSrc-1].fg.jointype = (u8)Y;
}
stl_prefix(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(A) nm(Y) dbnm(D) as(Z) indexed_opt(I)
on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,A,&Y,&D,&Z,0,N,U);
sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(pParse, A, &I);
}
seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(A) nm(Y) dbnm(D) LP exprlist(E) RP as(Z)
on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,A,&Y,&D,&Z,0,N,U);
sqlite3SrcListFuncArgs(pParse, A, E);
}
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(A) LP select(S) RP
as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,A,0,0,&Z,S,N,U);
}
seltablist(A) ::= stl_prefix(A) LP seltablist(F) RP
as(Z) on_opt(N) using_opt(U). {
if( A==0 && Z.n==0 && N==0 && U==0 ){
A = F;
}else if( F->nSrc==1 ){
A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,A,0,0,&Z,0,N,U);
if( A ){
struct SrcList_item *pNew = &A->a[A->nSrc-1];
struct SrcList_item *pOld = F->a;
pNew->zName = pOld->zName;
pNew->zDatabase = pOld->zDatabase;
pNew->pSelect = pOld->pSelect;
pOld->zName = pOld->zDatabase = 0;
pOld->pSelect = 0;
}
sqlite3SrcListDelete(pParse->db, F);
}else{
Select *pSubquery;
sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(F);
pSubquery = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,0,F,0,0,0,0,SF_NestedFrom,0,0);
A = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,A,0,0,&Z,pSubquery,N,U);
}
}
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_SUBQUERY
%type dbnm {Token}
dbnm(A) ::= . {A.z=0; A.n=0;}
dbnm(A) ::= DOT nm(X). {A = X;}
%type fullname {SrcList*}
%destructor fullname {sqlite3SrcListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
fullname(A) ::= nm(X) dbnm(Y).
{A = sqlite3SrcListAppend(pParse->db,0,&X,&Y); /*A-overwrites-X*/}
%type joinop {int}
joinop(X) ::= COMMA|JOIN. { X = JT_INNER; }
joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) JOIN.
{X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,0,0); /*X-overwrites-A*/}
joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) JOIN.
{X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,0); /*X-overwrites-A*/}
joinop(X) ::= JOIN_KW(A) nm(B) nm(C) JOIN.
{X = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&A,&B,&C);/*X-overwrites-A*/}
%type on_opt {Expr*}
%destructor on_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
on_opt(N) ::= ON expr(E). {N = E.pExpr;}
on_opt(N) ::= . {N = 0;}
// Note that this block abuses the Token type just a little. If there is
// no "INDEXED BY" clause, the returned token is empty (z==0 && n==0). If
// there is an INDEXED BY clause, then the token is populated as per normal,
// with z pointing to the token data and n containing the number of bytes
// in the token.
//
// If there is a "NOT INDEXED" clause, then (z==0 && n==1), which is
// normally illegal. The sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy() function
// recognizes and interprets this as a special case.
//
%type indexed_opt {Token}
indexed_opt(A) ::= . {A.z=0; A.n=0;}
indexed_opt(A) ::= INDEXED BY nm(X). {A = X;}
indexed_opt(A) ::= NOT INDEXED. {A.z=0; A.n=1;}
%type using_opt {IdList*}
%destructor using_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
using_opt(U) ::= USING LP idlist(L) RP. {U = L;}
using_opt(U) ::= . {U = 0;}
%type orderby_opt {ExprList*}
%destructor orderby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
// the sortlist non-terminal stores a list of expression where each
// expression is optionally followed by ASC or DESC to indicate the
// sort order.
//
%type sortlist {ExprList*}
%destructor sortlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
orderby_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
orderby_opt(A) ::= ORDER BY sortlist(X). {A = X;}
sortlist(A) ::= sortlist(A) COMMA expr(Y) sortorder(Z). {
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,A,Y.pExpr);
sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z);
}
sortlist(A) ::= expr(Y) sortorder(Z). {
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,Y.pExpr); /*A-overwrites-Y*/
sqlite3ExprListSetSortOrder(A,Z);
}
%type sortorder {int}
sortorder(A) ::= ASC. {A = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
sortorder(A) ::= DESC. {A = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
sortorder(A) ::= . {A = SQLITE_SO_UNDEFINED;}
%type groupby_opt {ExprList*}
%destructor groupby_opt {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
groupby_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
groupby_opt(A) ::= GROUP BY nexprlist(X). {A = X;}
%type having_opt {Expr*}
%destructor having_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
having_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
having_opt(A) ::= HAVING expr(X). {A = X.pExpr;}
%type limit_opt {struct LimitVal}
// The destructor for limit_opt will never fire in the current grammar.
// The limit_opt non-terminal only occurs at the end of a single production
// rule for SELECT statements. As soon as the rule that create the
// limit_opt non-terminal reduces, the SELECT statement rule will also
// reduce. So there is never a limit_opt non-terminal on the stack
// except as a transient. So there is never anything to destroy.
//
//%destructor limit_opt {
// sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$.pLimit);
// sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$.pOffset);
//}
limit_opt(A) ::= . {A.pLimit = 0; A.pOffset = 0;}
limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X). {A.pLimit = X.pExpr; A.pOffset = 0;}
limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) OFFSET expr(Y).
{A.pLimit = X.pExpr; A.pOffset = Y.pExpr;}
limit_opt(A) ::= LIMIT expr(X) COMMA expr(Y).
{A.pOffset = X.pExpr; A.pLimit = Y.pExpr;}
/////////////////////////// The DELETE statement /////////////////////////////
//
%ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT
cmd ::= with(C) DELETE FROM fullname(X) indexed_opt(I) where_opt(W)
orderby_opt(O) limit_opt(L). {
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, C, 1);
sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(pParse, X, &I);
W = sqlite3LimitWhere(pParse, X, W, O, L.pLimit, L.pOffset, "DELETE");
sqlite3DeleteFrom(pParse,X,W);
}
%endif
%ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT
cmd ::= with(C) DELETE FROM fullname(X) indexed_opt(I) where_opt(W). {
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, C, 1);
sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(pParse, X, &I);
sqlite3DeleteFrom(pParse,X,W);
}
%endif
%type where_opt {Expr*}
%destructor where_opt {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
where_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
where_opt(A) ::= WHERE expr(X). {A = X.pExpr;}
////////////////////////// The UPDATE command ////////////////////////////////
//
%ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT
cmd ::= with(C) UPDATE orconf(R) fullname(X) indexed_opt(I) SET setlist(Y)
where_opt(W) orderby_opt(O) limit_opt(L). {
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, C, 1);
sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(pParse, X, &I);
sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse,Y,"set list");
W = sqlite3LimitWhere(pParse, X, W, O, L.pLimit, L.pOffset, "UPDATE");
sqlite3Update(pParse,X,Y,W,R);
}
%endif
%ifndef SQLITE_ENABLE_UPDATE_DELETE_LIMIT
cmd ::= with(C) UPDATE orconf(R) fullname(X) indexed_opt(I) SET setlist(Y)
where_opt(W). {
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, C, 1);
sqlite3SrcListIndexedBy(pParse, X, &I);
sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse,Y,"set list");
sqlite3Update(pParse,X,Y,W,R);
}
%endif
%type setlist {ExprList*}
%destructor setlist {sqlite3ExprListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
setlist(A) ::= setlist(A) COMMA nm(X) EQ expr(Y). {
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, A, Y.pExpr);
sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, A, &X, 1);
}
setlist(A) ::= nm(X) EQ expr(Y). {
A = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, 0, Y.pExpr);
sqlite3ExprListSetName(pParse, A, &X, 1);
}
////////////////////////// The INSERT command /////////////////////////////////
//
cmd ::= with(W) insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) idlist_opt(F) select(S). {
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, W, 1);
sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, S, F, R);
}
cmd ::= with(W) insert_cmd(R) INTO fullname(X) idlist_opt(F) DEFAULT VALUES.
{
sqlite3WithPush(pParse, W, 1);
sqlite3Insert(pParse, X, 0, F, R);
}
%type insert_cmd {int}
insert_cmd(A) ::= INSERT orconf(R). {A = R;}
insert_cmd(A) ::= REPLACE. {A = OE_Replace;}
%type idlist_opt {IdList*}
%destructor idlist_opt {sqlite3IdListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
%type idlist {IdList*}
%destructor idlist {sqlite3IdListDelete(pParse->db, $$);}
idlist_opt(A) ::= . {A = 0;}
idlist_opt(A) ::= LP idlist(X) RP. {A = X;}
idlist(A) ::= idlist(A) COMMA nm(Y).
{A = sqlite3IdListAppend(pParse->db,A,&Y);}
idlist(A) ::= nm(Y).
{A = sqlite3IdListAppend(pParse->db,0,&Y); /*A-overwrites-Y*/}
/////////////////////////// Expression Processing /////////////////////////////
//
%type expr {ExprSpan}
%destructor expr {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$.pExpr);}
%type term {ExprSpan}
%destructor term {sqlite3ExprDelete(pParse->db, $$.pExpr);}
%include {
/* This is a utility routine used to set the ExprSpan.zStart and
** ExprSpan.zEnd values of pOut so that the span covers the complete
** range of text beginning with pStart and going to the end of pEnd.
*/
static void spanSet(ExprSpan *pOut, Token *pStart, Token *pEnd){
pOut->zStart = pStart->z;
pOut->zEnd = &pEnd->z[pEnd->n];
}
/* Construct a new Expr object from a single identifier. Use the
** new Expr to populate pOut. Set the span of pOut to be the identifier
** that created the expression.
*/
static void spanExpr(ExprSpan *pOut, Parse *pParse, int op, Token t){
pOut->pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, op, 0, 0, &t);
pOut->zStart = t.z;
pOut->zEnd = &t.z[t.n];
}
}
expr(A) ::= term(A).
expr(A) ::= LP(B) expr(X) RP(E).
{spanSet(&A,&B,&E); /*A-overwrites-B*/ A.pExpr = X.pExpr;}
term(A) ::= NULL(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,@X,X);/*A-overwrites-X*/}
expr(A) ::= id(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,TK_ID,X); /*A-overwrites-X*/}
expr(A) ::= JOIN_KW(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,TK_ID,X); /*A-overwrites-X*/}
expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y). {
Expr *temp1 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
Expr *temp2 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
spanSet(&A,&X,&Y); /*A-overwrites-X*/
A.pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp1, temp2, 0);
}
expr(A) ::= nm(X) DOT nm(Y) DOT nm(Z). {
Expr *temp1 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &X);
Expr *temp2 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &Y);
Expr *temp3 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &Z);
Expr *temp4 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp2, temp3, 0);
spanSet(&A,&X,&Z); /*A-overwrites-X*/
A.pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp1, temp4, 0);
}
term(A) ::= INTEGER|FLOAT|BLOB(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,@X,X);/*A-overwrites-X*/}
term(A) ::= STRING(X). {spanExpr(&A,pParse,@X,X);/*A-overwrites-X*/}
expr(A) ::= VARIABLE(X). {
Token t = X; /*A-overwrites-X*/
if( t.n>=2 && t.z[0]=='#' && sqlite3Isdigit(t.z[1]) ){
/* When doing a nested parse, one can include terms in an expression
** that look like this: #1 #2 ... These terms refer to registers
** in the virtual machine. #N is the N-th register. */
spanSet(&A, &t, &t);
if( pParse->nested==0 ){
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", &t);
A.pExpr = 0;
}else{
A.pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_REGISTER, 0, 0, &t);
if( A.pExpr ) sqlite3GetInt32(&t.z[1], &A.pExpr->iTable);
}
}else{
spanExpr(&A, pParse, TK_VARIABLE, t);
sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(pParse, A.pExpr);
}
}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) COLLATE ids(C). {
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprAddCollateToken(pParse, A.pExpr, &C, 1);
A.zEnd = &C.z[C.n];
}
%ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
expr(A) ::= CAST(X) LP expr(E) AS typetoken(T) RP(Y). {
spanSet(&A,&X,&Y); /*A-overwrites-X*/
A.pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_CAST, E.pExpr, 0, &T);
}
%endif SQLITE_OMIT_CAST
expr(A) ::= id(X) LP distinct(D) exprlist(Y) RP(E). {
if( Y && Y->nExpr>pParse->db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG] ){
sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "too many arguments on function %T", &X);
}
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, Y, &X);
spanSet(&A,&X,&E);
if( D==SF_Distinct && A.pExpr ){
A.pExpr->flags |= EP_Distinct;
}
}
expr(A) ::= id(X) LP STAR RP(E). {
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0, &X);
spanSet(&A,&X,&E);
}
term(A) ::= CTIME_KW(OP). {
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0, &OP);
spanSet(&A, &OP, &OP);
}
%include {
/* This routine constructs a binary expression node out of two ExprSpan
** objects and uses the result to populate a new ExprSpan object.
*/
static void spanBinaryExpr(
Parse *pParse, /* The parsing context. Errors accumulate here */
int op, /* The binary operation */
ExprSpan *pLeft, /* The left operand, and output */
ExprSpan *pRight /* The right operand */
){
pLeft->pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, op, pLeft->pExpr, pRight->pExpr, 0);
pLeft->zEnd = pRight->zEnd;
}
/* If doNot is true, then add a TK_NOT Expr-node wrapper around the
** outside of *ppExpr.
*/
static void exprNot(Parse *pParse, int doNot, ExprSpan *pSpan){
if( doNot ){
pSpan->pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, pSpan->pExpr, 0, 0);
}
}
}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) AND(OP) expr(Y). {spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) OR(OP) expr(Y). {spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) LT|GT|GE|LE(OP) expr(Y).
{spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) EQ|NE(OP) expr(Y). {spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) BITAND|BITOR|LSHIFT|RSHIFT(OP) expr(Y).
{spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) PLUS|MINUS(OP) expr(Y).
{spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) STAR|SLASH|REM(OP) expr(Y).
{spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) CONCAT(OP) expr(Y). {spanBinaryExpr(pParse,@OP,&A,&Y);}
%type likeop {struct LikeOp}
likeop(A) ::= LIKE_KW|MATCH(X). {A.eOperator = X; A.bNot = 0;/*A-overwrites-X*/}
likeop(A) ::= NOT LIKE_KW|MATCH(X). {A.eOperator = X; A.bNot = 1;}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) likeop(OP) expr(Y). [LIKE_KW] {
ExprList *pList;
pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, Y.pExpr);
pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, A.pExpr);
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, pList, &OP.eOperator);
exprNot(pParse, OP.bNot, &A);
A.zEnd = Y.zEnd;
if( A.pExpr ) A.pExpr->flags |= EP_InfixFunc;
}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) likeop(OP) expr(Y) ESCAPE expr(E). [LIKE_KW] {
ExprList *pList;
pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, Y.pExpr);
pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, A.pExpr);
pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, E.pExpr);
A.pExpr = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, pList, &OP.eOperator);
exprNot(pParse, OP.bNot, &A);
A.zEnd = E.zEnd;
if( A.pExpr ) A.pExpr->flags |= EP_InfixFunc;
}
%include {
/* Construct an expression node for a unary postfix operator
*/
static void spanUnaryPostfix(
Parse *pParse, /* Parsing context to record errors */
int op, /* The operator */
ExprSpan *pOperand, /* The operand, and output */
Token *pPostOp /* The operand token for setting the span */
){
pOperand->pExpr = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, op, pOperand->pExpr, 0, 0);
pOperand->zEnd = &pPostOp->z[pPostOp->n];
}
}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) ISNULL|NOTNULL(E). {spanUnaryPostfix(pParse,@E,&A,&E);}
expr(A) ::= expr(A) NOT NULL(E). {spanUnaryPostfix(pParse,TK_NOTNULL,&A,&E);}
%include {
/* A routine to convert a binary TK_IS or TK_ISNOT expression into a
** unary TK_ISNULL or TK_NOTNULL expression. */
static void binaryToUnaryIfNull(Parse *pParse, Expr *pY, Expr *pA, int op){