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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<meta charset="utf-8" /><meta content="本 Linux 内核教学文档介绍了一系列与 Linux 内核相关的课程和实验。课程侧重于理论和内核探索，实验则着重于设备驱动程序的主题。本文档内容基于布加勒斯特理工大学的“操作系统 2”课程。文档可以通过 Docker 容器或直接在主机上构建。该文档包含入门介绍、系统调用、进程管理、中断机制、SMP、地址空间、内存管理、文件系统、调试、网络、体系结构、虚拟化等 Linux 内核相关的多个专题。" name="description" />
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Linux 系统内核
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/index.html">操作系统 2</a></li>
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<p class="caption"><span class="caption-text">课程</span></p>
<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/intro.html">介绍</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/syscalls.html">系统调用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/processes.html">进程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/interrupts.html">中断</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/smp.html">对称多处理</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/memory-management.html">内存管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/fs.html">文件系统管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/debugging.html">调试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/networking.html">网络管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/arch.html">体系结构层</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="lectures/virt.html">虚拟化</a></li>
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<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/infrastructure.html">基础设施</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/introduction.html">介绍</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/kernel_modules.html">内核模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/kernel_api.html">内核 API</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/device_drivers.html">字符设备驱动程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="labs/interrupts.html">I/O 访问和中断</a></li>
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<div class="section" id="linux">
<h1>Linux 内核教学<a class="headerlink" href="#linux" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
<p>本文档包含一系列 Linux 内核主题的课程和实验。课程侧重于理论和 Linux 内核探索。</p>
<p>实验侧重于设备驱动程序主题，文档风格类似“howto”。每个主题分两部分：</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>主题概述，包含概述、主要抽象概念、简单示例和对 API 的指引。</li>
<li>实践部分，包含几个应由学生解决的练习；为了使学生专注于当下的主题，学生会得到一个起始编码框架和深入的解决练习的技巧提示。</li>
</ul>
<p>本文档内容基于布加勒斯特理工大学自动控制与计算机学院计算机科学与工程系的 <a class="reference external" href="http://ocw.cs.pub.ro/courses/so2">“操作系统 2”</a> 课程。</p>
<p>你可以在 <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/linux-kernel-labs-zh">https://github.com/linux-kernel-labs-zh</a> 获取最新版本。</p>
<p>在你的主机上安装 docker-compose 后，可以从源代码构建文档：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span> tools/labs <span class="o">&&</span> make docker-docs
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>然后用你的浏览器中打开 <strong>Documentation/output/labs/index.html</strong>。</p>
<p>或者，你可以直接在主机上构建(参见 tools/labs/docs/Dockerfile 中的依赖项)：</p>
<div class="highlight-bash"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">cd</span> tools/labs <span class="o">&&</span> make docs
</pre></div>
</div>
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<ul>
<li class="toctree-l1"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/index.html">操作系统 2</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html">SO2——基本规则和评分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-1">基本规则</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-2">1. 实验室</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-3">2. 分配作业的最后期限</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-4">3. 作业演示</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-5">4. 作业规则</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-6">5. 抄袭作业的惩罚</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-7">6. 补考/提分</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-8">7. 重新上课</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-9">评分</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-10">1. 讲座（3 分）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-11">2. 实验（2分）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/grading.html#section-12">3. 作业（5 分 + 额外加分）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html">SO2 课程 01——课程概要以及 Linux 内核介绍</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-1">团队</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-2">课程定位</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-3">资源</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-4">社区</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-5">评分</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-6">课程目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-7">实验和作业目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-8">必修课程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-9">关于课程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-10">课程列表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-11">关于实验</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-12">关于主题</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-13">主题列表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-14">课程参考书目</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-15">实验参考书目</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-16">课程目标:</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-17">基本的操作系统名词和概念</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-18">用户与内核的比较</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-19">典型的操作系统架构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-20">单体内核</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-21">微内核</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-22">微内核与单体内核的比较</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-23">地址空间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-24">用户和内核共享虚拟地址空间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-25">执行上下文</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-26">多任务处理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-27">抢占式内核</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-28">可分页的内核内存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-29">内核堆栈</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-30">可移植性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#asmp">非对称多处理（ASMP）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#smp">对称多处理（SMP）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#cpu">CPU 可扩展性</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#linux">Linux 内核概述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#linux-1">Linux 开发模型</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-31">维护者层次结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#linux-2">Linux 源代码布局</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#linux-3">Linux 内核结构</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#arch">arch</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-32">设备驱动程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-33">进程管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-34">内存管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#i-o">块 I/O 管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-35">虚拟文件系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#section-36">网络堆栈</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec1-intro.html#linux-4">Linux 安全模块</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html">SO2 课程 02——系统调用</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#linux">Linux 系统调用实现</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#section-2">系统调用表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#section-3">系统调用参数处理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#vdso">虚拟动态共享对象 (VDSO)</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec2-syscalls.html#section-4">通过系统调用访问用户空间</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html">SO2 课程 03——进程</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-1">课程目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-2">进程和线程</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-3">进程资源概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#struct-task-struct"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">task_struct</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#task-struct">检查 task_struct</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-4">测验：查看任务以确定打开的文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-5">线程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-6">克隆系统调用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-7">命名空间和“容器”</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-8">访问当前进程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#current-x86">测验：current 宏的先前实现（x86）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-9">上下文切换</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-10">测验：上下文切换</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-11">阻塞和唤醒任务</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-12">任务状态</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-13">阻塞当前线程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-14">唤醒任务</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-15">任务抢占</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-16">非抢占式内核</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-17">抢占式内核</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-18">进程上下文</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#section-19">内核线程</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#gdb">使用 gdb 脚本进行内核检查</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec3-processes.html#gdb-1">测验：内核 gdb 脚本</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html">SO2 课程 04——中断</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-1">课堂目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-2">什么是中断？</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-3">异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-4">测验：中断术语</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-5">硬件概念</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-6">可编程中断控制器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#smp">在 SMP 系统中的中断控制器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-7">中断控制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-8">中断优先级</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-9">测验：硬件概念</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#x86">x86 架构上的中断处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-10">中断描述符表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-11">中断处理程序地址</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-12">中断处理程序的栈</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-13">处理中断请求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-14">从中断处理程序返回</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#x86-1">检查 x86 中断处理过程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#x86-2">测验：x86 中断处理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#linux">Linux 中的中断处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-15">嵌套中断和异常</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-16">中断上下文</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-17">可延迟操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#soft-irq">软中断（Soft IRQ）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-18">网络包泛洪示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#tasklet">任务（tasklet）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-19">工作队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-20">定时器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#section-21">可延迟操作摘要</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec4-interrupts.html#linux-1">测验：Linux 中断处理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html">SO2 课程 05——对称多处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-1">课堂目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-2">基本同步</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#linux">Linux 内核并发源</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-3">原子操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-4">禁用抢占（中断）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-5">自旋锁</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-6">多处理器系统中的缓存一致性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-7">优化的自旋锁</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-8">进程和中断上下文同步</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#mutexes">互斥锁（Mutexes）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#cpu">CPU 独占数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#section-9">内存顺序和屏障</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec5-smp.html#read-copy-update-rcu">读-复制-更新（Read Copy Update，RCU）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html">SO2 课程 06——地址空间</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#x86-mmu">x86 MMU</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-2">选择器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-3">段描述符</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#linux">Linux 中的分段</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-4">检查选择器和段</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#x86">x86 分页</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-5">页表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#linux-1">Linux 分页</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#tlb">转译后备缓冲区（TLB）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#linux-2">Linux 地址空间</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-6">32 位系统的地址空间选项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-7">线性映射</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-8">高内存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-9">固定映射的线性地址</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-10">临时映射</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec6-address-space.html#section-11">永久映射</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html">SO2 课程 07——内存管理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-2">物理内存管理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-3">内存区域</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-4">非均匀内存访问</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-5">页面分配</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#linux">Linux 的实现</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-6">小型分配</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#slab">SLAB 架构</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-7">虚拟内存管理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-8">地址空间描述符</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec7-memory-management.html#section-9">缺页处理</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html">SO2 课程 08——文件系统管理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-2">文件系统抽象</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-3">文件系统操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-4">挂载文件系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-5">打开文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-6">查询文件属性</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-7">从文件读取数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-8">向文件写入数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-9">关闭文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-10">目录</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-11">创建文件</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-12">删除文件</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#linux">Linux 虚拟文件系统</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-13">超级块操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#inode">Inode 操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#inode-1">Inode 缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-14">目录项缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec8-filesystems.html#section-15">页面缓存</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html">SO2 课程 09——内核调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#oops-panic">解码 oops/panic</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#oops">解码 oops</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#addr2line">addr2line</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#objdump">objdump</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#gdb">gdb</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#section-2">内核崩溃</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#section-3">列表调试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#section-4">内存调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#slab">SLAB 调试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#debug-pagealloc">DEBUG_PAGEALLOC</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#kasan">KASan</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#kasan-vs-debug-pagealloc">KASan vs DEBUG_PAGEALLOC</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#kasan-vs-slub-debug">KASan vs SLUB_DEBUG</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#kmemleak">Kmemleak</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#lockdep">Lockdep 检查器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#perf">perf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec9-debugging.html#section-5">其他工具</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html">SO2 课程 10——网络</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-2">网络管理概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#sockets">Sockets 实现概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#sockets-1">Sockets 系列和协议</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#udp">示例：UDP 发送</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-3">网络处理阶段</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-4">数据包路由</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-5">路由表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-6">路由策略数据库</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-7">路由表处理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-8">转发信息数据库</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#netfilter">Netfilter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#skb-sk-buff">网络数据包/skb（结构 sk_buff）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-9">网络设备</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec10-networking.html#section-10">硬件和软件加速技术</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html">SO2 课程 11——体系结构层</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-2">体系结构层概述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#boot">引导（boot）过程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-3">引导过程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-4">内存设置</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#mmu">MMU 管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-5">线程管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-6">时间管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-7">中断和异常管理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-8">系统调用</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-9">平台驱动程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-10">机器特定代码</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec11-arch.html#section-11">引导过程概述</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html">SO2 课程 12——虚拟化</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-1">课程目标：</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#emulation">模拟（emulation）基础知识</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#virtualization">虚拟化（virtualization）基础知识</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-2">经典虚拟化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-3">软件虚拟化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#mmu">MMU 虚拟化</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-4">影子页表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-5">延迟影子同步</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#i-o-emulation">I/O 仿真（emulation）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-6">部分虚拟化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#intel-vt-x">Intel VT-x</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-7">虚拟机控制结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-8">虚拟机进入和退出</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-9">虚拟机执行控制字段</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#section-10">扩展页表</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#vpid">VPID</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#i-o">I/O 虚拟化</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#qemu">qemu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#kvm">KVM</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#hypervisor">类型 1 和类型 2 的 Hypervisor</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lec12-virtualization.html#xen">Xen</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html">SO2 实验 01——介绍</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-2">关于本实验</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-3">参考资料</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-4">文档</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-5">内核模块概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-6">内核模块示例</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-7">编译内核模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-8">加载/卸载内核模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-9">内核模块调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#objdump">objdump</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#addr2line">addr2line</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#minicom">minicom</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#netconsole">netconsole</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#printk">Printk 调试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-10">动态调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#dyndbg-1">Dyndbg 选项</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#kdb">KDB：内核调试器</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-11">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-12">备注</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-13">1. 内核模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#printk-1">2. Printk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-14">3. 错误</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-15">4. 子模块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#oops-1">5. 内核 oops</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-16">6. 模块参数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-17">7. 进程信息</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-18">了解更多</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-19">源代码导航</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#cscope">cscope</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#clangd">clangd</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#kscope">Kscope</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#lxr-cross-reference">LXR Cross-Reference</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#sourceweb">SourceWeb</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-20">内核调试</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#gdb-linux">gdb（Linux）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab1-intro.html#section-21">获取堆栈跟踪</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html">SO2 实验 02——内核 API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-2">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-3">访问内存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-4">执行上下文</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-5">锁定</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#preemptivity">可抢占性（preemptivity）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#linux-api">Linux 内核 API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-6">表示错误的约定</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-7">字符串处理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#printk">printk</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-8">内存分配</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-9">列表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-10">自旋锁</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#mutex">互斥锁（Mutex）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-11">原子变量</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-12">原子变量的使用</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-13">原子位操作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-14">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-15">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#linux">1. Linux 内核中的内存分配</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-16">2. 在原子上下文中睡眠</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-17">3. 使用内核内存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-18">4. 使用内核列表</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-19">5. 使用内核列表进行进程处理</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-20">6. 同步列表工作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab2-kernel-api.html#section-21">7. 在我们的列表模块中测试模块调用</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html">SO2 实验 03——字符设备驱动</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-2">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-3">主设备号和次设备号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-4">字符设备的数据结构</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#struct-file-operations"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">file_operations</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#inode-file"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">inode</span></code> 和 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">file</span></code> 结构</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-5">实现操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-6">字符设备的注册和注销</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-7">访问进程地址空间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-8">打开和释放</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-9">读取和写入</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#ioctl-1">ioctl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-10">等待队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-11">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-12">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-13">1. 注册/注销</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-14">2. 注册一个已注册的主设备号</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-15">3. 打开和关闭</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-16">4. 访问限制</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-17">5. 读操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-18">6. 写操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#ioctl-2">7. ioctl 操作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#section-19">额外练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#ioctl-3">带消息的 ioctl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#ioctl-4">使用等待队列的 ioctl</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab3-device-drivers.html#o-nonblock">O_NONBLOCK 实现</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html">SO2 实验 04——I/O 访问和中断</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-2">背景信息</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-3">访问硬件</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#i-o">请求访问 I/O 端口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#i-o-1">访问 I/O 端口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#i-o-2">5. 从用户空间访问 I/O 端口</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-4">中断处理</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-5">请求中断</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-6">中断处理程序的实现</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-7">锁定</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-8">中断统计</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-9">进一步阅读</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-10">串口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-11">并行端口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-12">键盘控制器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#linux">Linux 设备驱动程序</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-13">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-14">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-15">键盘驱动程序</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#i-o-3">1. 请求 I/O 端口</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-16">2. 中断处理例程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#ascii">3. 将 ASCII 键存储到缓冲区</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-17">读取数据寄存器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-18">解释扫描码</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-19">将字符存储到缓冲区</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-20">4. 读取缓冲区</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-21">5. 重置缓冲区</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#section-22">额外练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab4-interrupts.html#kfifo">1. kfifo</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html">SO2 实验 05——延迟工作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-2">背景信息</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#softirqs">软中断（Softirqs）</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#tasklet">tasklet</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#timer">定时器（Timer）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#locking">锁定（Locking）</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-3">工作队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-4">内核线程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-5">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-6">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-7">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-8">1. 定时器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-9">2. 周期性定时器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#ioctl">3. 使用 ioctl 控制定时器</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-10">4. 阻塞操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-11">5. 工作队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-12">6. 内核线程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab5-deferred-work.html#section-13">7. 定时器和进程之间共享的缓冲区</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html">SO2 实验 06——内存映射</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-2">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-3">用于内存映射的结构</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#struct-page"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">page</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#struct-vm-area-struct"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">vm_area_struct</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#struct-mm-struct"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">mm_struct</span></code></a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-4">设备驱动程序的内存映射</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-5">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-6">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-7">1. 将连续的物理内存映射到用户空间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-8">2. 将非连续的物理内存映射到用户空间</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#section-9">3. 在映射内存中进行读写操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab6-memory-mapping.html#procfs">4. 在 procfs 中显示内存映射</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html">SO2 实验 07——块设备驱动</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-2">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#i-o">注册块 I/O 设备</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-3">注册磁盘</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-gendisk"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">gendisk</span></code> 结构体</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-block-device-operations"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">block_device_operations</span></code> 结构体</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-4">请求队列——多队列块层</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-5">软件分段队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-6">硬件调度队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-7">标签集</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-8">创建和删除请求队列</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-9">用于处理请求队列的有用函数</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-10">块设备的请求</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-11">创建请求</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-12">处理请求</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-1">创建 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-2">提交 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-3">等待 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构的完成</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-4">初始化 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-5">如何使用 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构的内容</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-6">释放 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-7">在 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 级别设置请求队列</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-13">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-14">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-15">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-16">1. 块设备</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-17">2. 磁盘注册</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#ram">3. RAM 磁盘</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-18">4. 从磁盘读取数据</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#section-19">5. 将数据写入磁盘</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab7-block-device-drivers.html#struct-bio-8">6. 在 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">bio</span></code> 级别处理请求队列中的请求</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html">SO2 实验 08——文件系统驱动（第一部分）</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#vfs">虚拟文件系统（VFS）</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-2">常见的文件系统模型</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-3">超级块</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-4">本地化：</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#inode">inode</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-5">本地化：</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#file">file</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-6">本地化：</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-7">目录项</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-8">注册和注销文件系统</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#mount-kill-sb">mount 和 kill_sb 函数</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#vfs-1">VFS 中的超级块</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-9">超级块操作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#fill-super"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">fill_super()</span></code> 函数</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-10">缓冲区缓存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-11">函数和有用的宏</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-12">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#section-13">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#myfs">myfs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#myfs-1">1. 注册和注销 myfs 文件系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#myfs-2">2. 完成 myfs 的超级块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#myfs-3">3. 初始化 myfs 根索引节点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#myfs-4">4. 测试 myfs 的挂载和卸载</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs">minfs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs-1">1. 注册和注销 minfs 文件系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs-2">2. 完善 minfs 超级块</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs-3">3. 创建和销毁 minfs 索引节点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs-4">4. 初始化 minfs 根索引节点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab8-filesystems-part1.html#minfs-5">5. minfs 挂载和卸载的测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html">SO2 实验 09——文件系统驱动程序（第二部分）</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#inode">Inode</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#inode-1">inode 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#inode-2">Inode 操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#inode-3">获取 inode</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-2">超级块操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#inode-operations">inode_operations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#file">file 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-3">常规文件索引节点</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-4">常规文件索引节点操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-5">地址空间操作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#dentry">Dentry 结构体</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#dentry-1">Dentry 操作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-6">目录索引节点操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-7">创建索引节点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-8">创建目录</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-9">创建链接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-10">创建符号链接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-11">删除链接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-12">删除目录</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-13">在目录中搜索索引节点</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-14">遍历目录中的条目</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-15">位图操作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-16">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-17">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#myfs">myfs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-18">1. 目录操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-19">测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-20">2. 文件操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-21">测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#minfs">minfs</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-22">1. 迭代操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-23">测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-24">2. 查找操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-25">测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-26">3. 创建操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab9-filesystems-part2.html#section-27">测试</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html">SO2 实验 10——网络</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-2">概述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-3">用户空间中的网络编程</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#linux">Linux 网络编程</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#struct-socket"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">socket</span></code> 结构</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#socket">对 socket 结构的操作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-4">创建</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-5">关闭连接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-6">发送/接收消息</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l5"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#struct-socket-1"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">socket</span></code> 字段</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l6"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#struct-proto-ops"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">proto_ops</span></code> 结构</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#struct-sock"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">sock</span></code> 结构</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#struct-sk-buff"><code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">struct</span> <span class="pre">sk_buff</span></code> 结构体</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-7">转换</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#netfilter-1">netfilter</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#netcat">netcat</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-8">进一步阅读</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-9">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-10">1. 在内核空间中显示数据包</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-11">2. 按目标地址进行过滤</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#tcp-socket">3. 监听 TCP socket</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#section-12">4. 在内核空间接受连接</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab10-networking.html#udp-1">5. UDP 套接字发送方</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html">SO2 实验 11——ARM 内核开发</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-2">片上系统</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-3">板级支持软件包</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-4">工具链</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#arm-linux">编译 ARM 版 Linux 内核</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#linux">Linux 内核镜像</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#rootfs">Rootfs</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-5">设备树</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#qemu">Qemu</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-6">练习</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-7">0. 简介</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-8">1. 启动</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#cpu">2. CPU 信息</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#i-o">3. I/O 内存</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#hello-world">4. Hello World</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab11-arm-kernel-development.html#section-9">5. 简单设备</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html">SO2 实验 12——内核分析</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-1">实验目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-2">概述</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-3">分析工具</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#perf">perf</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#ps">ps</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#time">time</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#top">top</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-4">性能分析方法论</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-5">练习</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#i-o">0. 演示：I/O 问题的性能分析</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-6">1. 调查降低响应性的问题</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#section-7">2. 启动新线程</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#cp">3. 调整 <code class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">cp</span></code></a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#i-o-1">4. I/O 延迟</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/lab12-kernel-profiling.html#elf">5. 错误的 ELF 文件</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html">合作</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#github-gitlab">1. 使用 Github / Gitlab</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#section-2">2. 从任务的骨架开始</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#section-3">3. 为每个单独的更改添加提交</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#section-4">4. 在团队内拆分工作</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#section-5">5. 进行代码审查</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign-collaboration.html#section-6">6. 合并工作</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html">作业 0——内核 API</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-1">作业目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-2">说明</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-3">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-4">快速开始</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-5">提示</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-6">扣分项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-7">提交作业</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-8">资源</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign0-kernel-api.html#section-9">问题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html">作业 1——基于 Kprobe 的跟踪器</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-1">作业目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-2">题目描述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-3">实现细节</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-4">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-5">快速开始</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-6">提示</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-7">扣分项</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-8">提交作业</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-9">资源</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign1-kprobe-based-tracer.html#section-10">问题</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l2"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html">作业 2——驱动 UART</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-1">作业目标</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-2">任务描述</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-3">缓冲区方案</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-4">实现细节</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-5">测试</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-6">快速开始</a><ul>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-7">提示</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-8">扣分规则</a></li>
<li class="toctree-l4"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-9">提交作业</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="so2/assign2-driver-uart.html#section-10">资源</a></li>