Remove devices on home page and replace with platforms (esphome#2393)

_redirects

@@ -4,3 +4,5 @@
 # e.g: /components/sensors/abc.html /components/sensors/xyz.html 301
 /components/sensor/sgp40.html /components/sensor/sgp4x.html 301
 /components/binary_sensor/xpt2046.html /components/touchscreen/xpt2046.html 301
+/devices/esp8266.html /components/esp8266.html
+/devices/esp32.html /components/esp32.html

components/esp32.rst

@@ -27,8 +27,38 @@ Configuration variables:
   ``esp32s2``, ``esp32s3``, ``esp32c3`` and ``esp32h2``. Defaults to the variant that is detected from the board, if
   a board that's unknown to ESPHome is used, this option is mandatory.
 
+.. note::
+
+    Support for the ESP32-S2 and ESP32-C3 is still in development and there could be issues.
+
 .. _esp32-arduino_framework:
 
+GPIO Pin Numbering
+------------------
+
+The ESP32 boards often use the internal GPIO pin numbering on the board, this means that
+you don't have to worry about other kinds of pin numberings, yay!
+
+Some notes about the pins on the ESP32:
+
+- ``GPIO0`` is used to determine the boot mode on startup. It should therefore not be pulled LOW
+  on startup to avoid booting into flash mode. You can, however, still use this as an output pin.
+- ``GPIO34``-``GPIO39`` can not be used as outputs (even though GPIO stands for "general purpose input
+  **output**"...).
+- ``GPIO32``-``GPIO39``: These pins can be used with the :doc:`/components/sensor/adc` to measure
+  voltages.
+- ``GPIO2``: This pin is connected to the blue LED on the board. It also supports
+  the :doc:`touch pad binary sensor </components/binary_sensor/esp32_touch>` like some other
+  pins.
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    binary_sensor:
+      - platform: gpio
+        name: "Pin GPIO23"
+        pin: GPIO23
+
 Arduino framework
 -----------------
 

components/esp8266.rst

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ Configuration variables:
 
 - **board** (**Required**, string): The PlatformIO board ID that should
   be used. Choose the appropriate board from
-  `this list <https://registry.platformio.org/platforms/platformio/espressif8266/boards>`__ (the icon next to the 
+  `this list <https://registry.platformio.org/platforms/platformio/espressif8266/boards>`__ (the icon next to the
   name can be used to copy the board ID). *This only affects pin aliases, flash size and some internal settings*, if unsure
   choose a generic board from Espressif such as ``esp01_1m``.
 - **framework** (*Optional*): Options for the underlying framework used by ESPHome.
@@ -39,6 +39,181 @@ Configuration variables:
 - **board_flash_mode** (*Optional*, string): The SPI mode of the flash chip. One of ``qio``, ``qout``, ``dio`` and ``dout``. Defaults to ``dout`` for compatibility with all chips. Note: on the next OTA update the actual flash mode is automatically detected and changed to the appropriate one.
 - **early_pin_init** (*Optional*, boolean): Specifies whether pins should be initialised as early as possible to known values. Recommended value is ``false`` where switches are involved, as these will toggle when updating the firmware or when restarting the device. Defaults to ``true``.
 
+GPIO Pin Numbering
+------------------
+
+Many boards have a pin numbering for the exposed pins that is different from the internally used
+ones. ESPHome tries to map the silk-screen pin numbers into the internal pin numbers with a few
+boards, but for generic ESP8266 boards it is often required to just use the internal pin numbers.
+To do this, just prefix all pins with ``GPIO``, for example ``GPIO0`` for the pin with the internal pin
+number 0.
+
+Some notes on the pins:
+
+- ``GPIO6`` - ``GPIO11``, ``GPIO0``, ``GPIO2`` and ``GPIO15`` are often already used by the internal
+  flash interface and boot mode detection. So it's best to avoid using these pins.
+- ``GPIO17`` additionally has an ADC connected to it. See the :doc:`/components/sensor/adc`
+  to read voltages (in the range from 0 to 1.0V) on this pin.
+
+
+.. code-block:: yaml
+
+    # Example configuration entry
+    esphome:
+      name: livingroom
+
+    esp8266:
+      board: nodemcuv2
+
+    binary_sensor:
+      - platform: gpio
+        name: "Pin GPIO17"
+        pin: GPIO17
+
+
+Special Pins
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+=================== =============================================
+``GPIO0``           Controls Boot Mode
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO1``           UART TX pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO2``           Controls Boot Mode
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO3``           UART RX pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO6``           SDIO/Flash CLK pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO7``           SDIO/Flash Data 0 pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO8``           SDIO/Flash Data 1 pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO9``           SDIO/Flash Data 2 pin (qio/qout only)
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO10``          SDIO/Flash Data 3 pin (qio/qout only)
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO11``          SDIO/Flash CMD pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO12``          Attached to Hardware SPI controller MISO
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO13``          Attached to Hardware SPI controller MOSI
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO14``          Attached to Hardware SPI controller CLK
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO15``          Controls Boot Mode; Attached to Hardware SPI
+                    controller CS
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+``GPIO16``          Special pin that can be accessed from RTC,
+                    and is Deep-Sleep wakeup pin
+------------------- ---------------------------------------------
+TOUT aka ``GPIO17`` ADC pin for measuring voltages, can only be
+                    used as analog input pin
+=================== =============================================
+
+This means effectively only the following pins can be used as general purpose GPIO:
+
+========== ============================== ==============================
+**Pin**    **Restrictions**               **State after Reset**
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO0``  If HIGH on boot                Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO2``  If HIGH on boot                Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO4``                                 High Impedance
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO5``                                 High Impedance
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO6``                                 Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO12``                                Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO13``                                Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO14``                                Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO15`` If LOW on boot                 Weak Pull Up
+---------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------
+``GPIO16`` Has pull-down (but no pull-up) Weak Pull Down
+           resistor
+========== ============================== ==============================
+
+
+Boot Modes
+----------
+
+On each boot, the ESP8266 will check three pins to determine in which boot mode to enter.
+There are three boot modes:
+
+========================= ========= ========= ========== ==============
+**Mode**                  ``GPIO0`` ``GPIO2`` ``GPIO15`` ``boot mode:``
+------------------------- --------- --------- ---------- --------------
+Boot from Flash (normal)  HIGH      HIGH      LOW        3
+------------------------- --------- --------- ---------- --------------
+Download Code from UART   LOW       HIGH      LOW        1
+------------------------- --------- --------- ---------- --------------
+Boot from SD-Card         ANY       ANY       HIGH       4-7
+========================= ========= ========= ========== ==============
+
+You can identify these on boot-up by looking at the UART output, the first number
+in the ``boot mode:`` line tells you what mode was selected
+
+.. code-block:: text
+
+    ets Jan  8 2013,rst cause:4, boot mode:(3,6)
+
+The first lines when viewing the UART logs might have unrecognized characters. This is
+because the effective baudrate of the ESP8266 bootloader is 74800, whereas the program uses 115200.
+
+Reset Causes
+------------
+
+Additionally, the first line also contains the **reset cause**.
+These reset causes `are documented
+<https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/esp8266_reset_causes_and_common_fatal_exception_causes_en.pdf>`__:
+
+== ===================================
+0  Undefined
+-- -----------------------------------
+1  Power On Reboot
+-- -----------------------------------
+2  External reset or deep-sleep wakeup
+-- -----------------------------------
+4  Hardware WDT reset
+== ===================================
+
+After a software reset, the reset cause will not change.
+
+Electrical Characteristics
+--------------------------
+
+=========================================================== =========== =========== =========== ===========
+**Parameter**                                               **Min.**    **Typical** **Max.**    **Unit**
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+Operating Temperature                                       -40                     125         °C
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+Working Voltage ``V_IO``                                    2.5         3.3         3.6         V
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+``V_IL`` - INPUT voltage level to be considered LOW         -0.3                    0.25*V_IO   V
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+``V_IH`` - INPUT voltage level to be considered HIGH        0.75*V_IO               3.6         V
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+``V_OL`` - OUTPUT voltage level for LOW                                             0.1*V_IO    V
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+``V_OH`` - OUTPUT voltage level for HIGH                    0.8*V_IO                            V
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+``I_MAX`` - Maximum current for GPIO                                                12          mA
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+Power Consumption in Deep Sleep                                         20                      µA
+----------------------------------------------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
+Power Consumption in Active Mode                                        120                     mA
+=========================================================== =========== =========== =========== ===========
+
+Source: `ESP8266EX datasheet <https://www.espressif.com/sites/default/files/documentation/0a-esp8266ex_datasheet_en.pdf>`__
+
+The internal pull up/down resistors have values of 30kΩ to 100kΩ
+(`source <https://bbs.espressif.com/viewtopic.php?t=1079>`__).
+
 See Also
 --------
 

components/rp2040.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,11 @@ RP2040 Platform
 
 This component contains platform-specific options for the RP2040 platform.
 
+.. note::
+
+    Support for all aspects of ESPHome on the RP2040 is still in development.
+    Please search for or create an `issue <https://github.com/esphome/issues/issues/new?assignees=&labels=&template=bug_report.yml>`__ if you encounter an unknown problem.
+
 .. code-block:: yaml
 
     # Example configuration entry

components/sensor/esp32_hall.rst

@@ -50,6 +50,6 @@ See Also
 
 - :ref:`sensor-filters`
 - :doc:`adc`
-- :doc:`/devices/esp32`
+- :doc:`/components/esp32`
 - :apiref:`esp32_hall/esp32_hall.h`
 - :ghedit:`Edit`