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Building Swift on Windows

Visual Studio 2017 or newer is needed to build swift on Windows. The following must take place in the developer command prompt (provided by Visual Studio). This shows up as "x64 Native Tools Command Prompt for VS2017" (or VS2019, VS2019 Preview depending on the Visual Studio that you are using) in the Start Menu.

Install dependencies

  • Install the latest version of Visual Studio
  • Make sure to include "Programming Languages|Visual C++" and "Windows and Web Development|Universal Windows App Development|Windows SDK" in your installation. The following components are required:
  1. Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK
  2. Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.Windows10SDK.17763
  3. Microsoft.VisualStudio.Component.VC.Tools.x86.x64

Clone the repositories

  1. Clone apple/llvm-project into a directory for the toolchain
  2. Clone apple/swift-cmark, apple/swift, apple/swift-corelibs-libdispatch, apple/swift-corelibs-foundation, apple/swift-corelibs-xctest, apple/swift-llbuild, apple/swift-package-manager into the toolchain directory
  3. Clone compnerd/windows-swift as a peer of the toolchain directory
  • Currently, other repositories in the Swift project have not been tested and may not be supported.

This guide assumes your sources live at the root of S:. If your sources live elsewhere, you can create a substitution for this:

subst S: <path to sources>
S:
git clone https://github.com/apple/llvm-project --branch swift/master toolchain
git clone -c core.autocrlf=input -c core.symlinks=true https://github.com/apple/swift toolchain/swift
git clone https://github.com/apple/swift-cmark toolchain/cmark
git clone https://github.com/apple/swift-corelibs-libdispatch toolchain/swift-corelibs-libdispatch
git clone https://github.com/apple/swift-corelibs-foundation toolchain/swift-corelibs-foundation
git clone https://github.com/apple/swift-corelibs-xctest toolchain/swift-corelibs-xctest
git clone https://github.com/apple/swift-llbuild toolchain/llbuild
git clone -c core.autocrlf=input https://github.com/apple/swift-package-manager toolchain/swift-package-manager
git clone https://github.com/compnerd/windows-swift windows-swift

Acquire ICU, SQLite3, curl, libxml2, zlib

  1. Go to https://dev.azure.com/compnerd/windows-swift and scroll down to "Dependencies" where you'll see bots (hopefully green) for icu, SQLite, curl, and libxml2. Download each of the zip files and copy their contents into S:/Library. The directory structure should resemble:
/Library
  ┝ icu-64
  │   ┕ usr/...
  ├ libcurl-development
  │   ┕ usr/...
  ├ libxml2-development
  │   ┕ usr/...
  ├ sqlite-3.28.0
  │   ┕ usr/...
  ┕ zlib-1.2.11
      ┕ usr/...

One-time Setup (re-run on Visual Studio upgrades)

  • Set up the ucrt, visualc, and WinSDK modules by copying ucrt.modulemap located at swift/stdlib/public/Platform/ucrt.modulemap into ${UniversalCRTSdkDir}/Include/${UCRTVersion}/ucrt as module.modulemap, copying visualc.modulemap located at swift/stdlib/public/Platform/visualc.modulemap into ${VCToolsInstallDir}/include as module.modulemap, and copying winsdk.modulemap located at swift/stdlib/public/Platform/winsdk.modulemap into ${UniversalCRTSdkDir}/Include/${UCRTVersion}/um and setup the visualc.apinotes located at swift/stdlib/public/Platform/visualc.apinotes into ${VCToolsInstallDir}/include as visualc.apinotes
mklink "%UniversalCRTSdkDir%\Include\%UCRTVersion%\ucrt\module.modulemap" S:\toolchain\swift\stdlib\public\Platform\ucrt.modulemap
mklink "%UniversalCRTSdkDir%\Include\%UCRTVersion%\um\module.modulemap" S:\toolchain\swift\stdlib\public\Platform\winsdk.modulemap
mklink "%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\module.modulemap" S:\toolchain\swift\stdlib\public\Platform\visualc.modulemap
mklink "%VCToolsInstallDir%\include\visualc.apinotes" S:\toolchain\swift\stdlib\public\Platform\visualc.apinotes

Warning: Creating the above links usually requires administrator privileges. The quick and easy way to do this is to open a second developer prompt by right clicking whatever shortcut you used to open the first one, choosing Run As Administrator, and pasting the above commands into the resulting window. You can then close the privileged prompt; this is the only step which requires elevation.

Build the toolchain

md "S:\b\toolchain"
cmake -B "S:\b\toolchain" -G Ninja -S S:\toolchain\llvm -C S:\windows-swift\cmake\caches\Windows-x86_64.cmake -C S:\windows-swift\cmake\caches\org.compnerd.dt.cmake -DLLVM_ENABLE_ASSERTIONS=YES -DLLVM_ENABLE_PROJECTS="clang;clang-tools-extra;cmark;swift;lldb;lld" -DLLVM_EXTERNAL_PROJECTS="cmark;swift" -DSWIFT_PATH_TO_LIBDISPATCH_SOURCE=S:\toolchain\swift-corelibs-libdispatch -DLLVM_ENABLE_PDB=YES -DLLDB_DISABLE_PYTHON=YES -DSWIFT_WINDOWS_x86_64_ICU_UC_INCLUDE="S:/Library/icu-64/usr/include" -DSWIFT_WINDOWS_x86_64_ICU_UC="S:/Library/icu-64/usr/lib/icuuc64.lib" -DSWIFT_WINDOWS_x86_64_ICU_I18N_INCLUDE="S:/Library/icu-64/usr/include" -DSWIFT_WINDOWS_x86_64_ICU_I18N="S:/Library/icu-64/usr/lib/icuin64.lib" -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX="C:\Library\Developer\Toolchains\unknown-Asserts-development.xctoolchain\usr" -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Python27\python.exe -DSWIFT_BUILD_DYNAMIC_STDLIB=YES -DSWIFT_BUILD_DYNAMIC_SDK_OVERLAY=YES
ninja -C S:\b\toolchain

Running Swift tests on Windows

path S:\Library\icu-64\usr\bin;S:\b\toolchain\bin;S:\b\toolchain\libdispatch-prefix\bin;%PATH%;%ProgramFiles%\Git\usr\bin
ninja -C S:\b\toolchain check-swift

Build swift-corelibs-libdispatch

cmake -B S:\b\libdispatch -G Ninja -S S:\toolchain\swift-corelibs-libdispatch -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-cl -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=clang-cl -DCMAKE_Swift_COMPILER=S:/b/toolchain/bin/swiftc.exe -DENABLE_SWIFT=YES
ninja -C S:\b\libdispatch

Test swift-corelibs-libdispatch

ninja -C S:\b\libdispatch check

Build swift-corelibs-foundation

cmake -B S:\b\foundation -G Ninja -S S:\toolchain\swift-corelibs-foundation -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-cl -DCMAKE_Swift_COMPILER=S:\b\toolchain\bin\swiftc.exe -DCURL_LIBRARY="S:/Library/libcurl-development/usr/lib/libcurl.lib" -DCURL_INCLUDE_DIR="S:/Library/libcurl-development/usr/include" -DICU_ROOT="S:/Library/icu-64" -DLIBXML2_LIBRARY="S:/Library/libxml2-development/usr/lib/libxml2.lib" -DLIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR="S:/Library/libxml2-development/usr/include" -DENABLE_TESTING=NO -Ddisptch_DIR=S:/b/libdispatch/cmake/modules
ninja -C S:\b\foundation
  • Add Foundation to your path:
path S:\b\foundation\Foundation;%PATH%

Build swift-corelibs-xctest

cmake -B S:\b\xctest -G Ninja -S S:\toolchain\swift-corelibs-xctest -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DCMAKE_Swift_COMPILER=S:/b/toolchain/bin/swiftc.exe -Ddispatch_DIR=S:\b\dispatch\cmake\modules -DFoundation_DIR=S:\b\foundation\cmake\modules -DLIT_COMMAND=S:\toolchain\llvm\utils\lit\lit.py -DPYTHON_EXECUTABLE=C:\Python27\python.exe
ninja -C S:\b\xctest
  • Add XCTest to your path:
path S:\b\xctest;%PATH%

Test XCTest

ninja -C S:\b\xctest check-xctest

Rebuild Foundation

cmake -B S:\b\foundation -G Ninja -S S:\toolchain\swift-corelibs-foundation -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=clang-cl -DCMAKE_Swift_COMPILER=S:/b/toolchain/bin/swiftc.exe -DCURL_LIBRARY="S:/Library/libcurl-development/usr/lib/libcurl.lib" -DCURL_INCLUDE_DIR="S:/Library/libcurl-development/usr/include" -DICU_ROOT="S:/Library/icu-64" -DLIBXML2_LIBRARY="S:/Library/libxml2-development/usr/lib/libxml2.lib" -DLIBXML2_INCLUDE_DIR="S:/Library/libxml2-development/usr/include" -DENABLE_TESTING=YES -Ddisptch_DIR=S:/b/libdispatch/cmake/modules -DXCTest_DIR=S:/b/xctest/cmake/modules
ninja -C S:\b\foundation

Test Foundation

cmake --build S:\b\foundation
ninja -C S:\b\foundation test

Build llbuild

md S:\b\llbuild
cd S:\b\llbuild
set AR=llvm-ar
cmake -G Ninja^
  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RelWithDebInfo^
  -DCMAKE_C_COMPILER=cl^
  -DCMAKE_CXX_COMPILER=cl^
  -DFOUNDATION_BUILD_DIR=S:\b\foundation^
  -DLIBDISPATCH_BUILD_DIR=S:\b\libdispatch^
  -DLIBDISPATCH_SOURCE_DIR=S:\swift-corelibs-libdispatch^
  -DSQLite3_INCLUDE_DIR=S:\Library\sqlite-3.28.0\usr\include^
  -DSQLite3_LIBRARY=S:\Library\sqlite-3.28.0\usr\lib\sqlite3.lib^
  -DLLBUILD_SUPPORT_BINDINGS=Swift^
  S:\llbuild
ninja
  • Add llbuild to your path:
path S:\b\llbuild\bin;%PATH%

Build swift-package-manager

md S:\b\spm
cd S:\b\spm
C:\Python27\python.exe S:\swift-package-manager\Utilities\bootstrap --foundation S:\b\foundation --libdispatch-build-dir S:\b\libdispatch --libdispatch-source-dir S:\swift-corelibs-libdispatch --llbuild-build-dir S:\b\llbuild --llbuild-source-dir S:\llbuild --sqlite-build-dir S:\b\sqlite --sqlite-source-dir S:\sqlite-amalgamation-3270200

Install the Swift toolchain on Windows

  • Run ninja install:
ninja -C S:\b\toolchain install
  • Add the Swift on Windows binaries path (C:\Library\Developer\Toolchains\unknown-Asserts-development.xctoolchain\usr\bin) to the PATH environment variable.

Resuming Builds

If you resume development from a new shell, the path will need to be readjusted. The following will add the correct search order to the path:

path S:\Library\icu-64\bin;S:\b\llvm\bin;S:\b\swift\bin;S:\b\libdispatch;S:\b\libdispatch\src;S:\b\foundation;S:\b\xctest;S:\b\llbuild\bin;S:\b\sqlite;%PATH%;%ProgramFiles%\Git\usr\bin