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                        <h2 id="miscellaneous-builtin-macros">Miscellaneous builtin macros</h2>
<p>&#xAE30;&#xBCF8;&#xC801;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC5D0; <code>()</code> &#xAC00; &#xC5C6;&#xC73C;&#xBA74; &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xB85C; &#xC778;&#xC2DD;&#xB418;&#xC9C0; &#xC54A;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
<h3 id="errprint">errprint</h3>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>errprint</strong> ( <em>String . . .</em> )<br>&#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC758; &#xD655;&#xC7A5; &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xB294; void &#xC785;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
</blockquote>
<p><code>format</code> &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC758; &#xACBD;&#xC6B0; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xC774; m4 &#xC785;&#xB825;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xB4E4;&#xC5B4;&#xAC00;&#xC11C; &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xAC00; &#xB2E4;&#xC2DC; &#xD655;&#xC7A5;&#xB418;&#xC9C0;&#xB9CC;
<code>errprint</code> &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xB294; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xC774; &#xC9C1;&#xC811; <code>stderr</code> &#xB85C; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xB418;&#xAE30; &#xB54C;&#xBB38;&#xC5D0;
&#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xC5D0; &#xD655;&#xC7A5;&#xC774; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD;&#xD558;&#xC9C0; &#xC54A;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.
&#xADF8;&#xB9AC;&#xACE0; &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C; &#xD655;&#xC7A5; &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xB3C4; void &#xAC00; &#xB418;&#xBBC0;&#xB85C; debugging &#xD560; &#xB54C; &#xD65C;&#xC6A9;&#xD560; &#xC218; &#xC788;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@                             $ m4 &lt;&lt;\@ 2&gt; /dev/null     # 2&gt; /dev/null &#xCD94;&#xAC00; 
define(`foo&apos;, 100)                    define(`foo&apos;, 100)
format(`format: foo&apos;)                 format(`format: foo&apos;)
errprint(`errprint: foo&apos;)             errprint(`errprint: foo&apos;)
@                                     @

format: 100                           format: 100
errprint: foo    # &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xC5D0; &#xD655;&#xC7A5;&#xC774; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD;&#xD558;&#xC9C0; &#xC54A;&#xB294;&#xB2E4;.
</code></pre><p><code>_foreach</code> &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC758; <code>ifelse</code> &#xC5D0;&#xC11C; <code>$2</code> &#xAC12;&#xC744; trace &#xD558;&#xAE30;&#xC704;&#xD574; &#xC55E;&#xC5D0; <code>errprint(`$2&apos;)</code> &#xB97C; &#xCD94;&#xAC00;</p>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@
define(`dquote&apos;, ``$@&apos;&apos;)
define(`dquote_elt&apos;, `ifelse(`$#&apos;, `0&apos;, `&apos;, `$#&apos;, `1&apos;, ```$1&apos;&apos;&apos;,
                             ```$1&apos;&apos;,$0(shift($@))&apos;)&apos;)

define(`foreach&apos;, `pushdef(`$1&apos;)_$0(`$1&apos;,
    (dquote(dquote_elt$2)), `$3&apos;)popdef(`$1&apos;)&apos;)
define(`_arg1&apos;, `$1&apos;)
define(`_foreach&apos;, `ifelse(errprint(`$2&apos;)`$2&apos;, `(`&apos;)&apos;, `&apos;,           # errprint &#xCD94;&#xAC00;
    `define(`$1&apos;, _arg1$2)$3`&apos;$0(`$1&apos;, (dquote(shift$2)), `$3&apos;)&apos;)&apos;)

foreach(`str&apos;, `(foo, bar, foobar)&apos;, `Word was: str
&apos;)
@

(``foo&apos;&apos;,``bar&apos;&apos;,``foobar&apos;&apos;)Word was: foo
(``bar&apos;&apos;,``foobar&apos;&apos;)Word was: bar
(``foobar&apos;&apos;)Word was: foobar
(`&apos;)
</code></pre><p>&#xC778;&#xC218;&#xB97C; &#xBCF5;&#xC218;&#xAC1C; &#xC774;&#xC0C1; &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9;&#xD558;&#xBA74; &#xAC01;&#xAC01; &#xACF5;&#xBC31;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xBD84;&#xB9AC;&#xB418;&#xC5B4; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xB429;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@ 
errprint(`111&apos;, `222&apos;, `333&apos;)errprint(`444&apos;)
@

111 222 333444                  # &#xC778;&#xC218;&#xB4E4;&#xC774; &#xACF5;&#xBC31;&#xC73C;&#xB85C; &#xBD84;&#xB9AC;&#xB41C;&#xB2E4;.
</code></pre><h3 id="file--line--program">__file__ , __line__ , __program__</h3>
<p>&#xC624;&#xB958;&#xAC00; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD;&#xD588;&#xC744; &#xB54C; &#xC704;&#xCE58;&#xC815;&#xBCF4;&#xB97C; &#xD45C;&#xC2DC;&#xD558;&#xAE30; &#xC704;&#xD574; &#xC81C;&#xACF5;&#xB418;&#xB294; &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xC785;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.
&#xD655;&#xC7A5; &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xB294; quote &#xB418;&#xC5B4; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xB429;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@                   $ m4 &lt;&lt;\@ 
__file__                    1111111111
__line__                    2222222222
__program__                 errprint(__program__:__file__:__line__: `input error
@                           &apos;)dnl
                            3333333333
stdin                       @
2                           
m4                          1111111111
                            2222222222
                            m4:stdin:3: input error
                            3333333333
</code></pre><pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@
define(`echo&apos;, `$@&apos;)dnl
define(`foo&apos;, ``foo :&apos; echo(__line__
__line__)&apos;)dnl
`echo&apos; : echo(__line__
__line__)
m4wrap(`m4wrap1 : foo
&apos;)dnl
foo(errprint(`errprint&apos; : __line__       # errprint &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;&#xB294; &#xD655;&#xC7A5; &#xACB0;&#xACFC;&#xAC00; void &#xC774;&#xBBC0;&#xB85C;
__line__                                 # &#xC774;&#xD6C4;&#xC5D0; foo() &#xAC00; &#xC2E4;&#xD589;&#xB41C;&#xB2E4;.
))   
`__line__&apos; : __line__
m4wrap(`m4wrap2 : __line__
&apos;)dnl
@

echo : 4
5
errprint : 8
9
foo : 8
8
__line__ : 11
m4wrap2 : 12
m4wrap1 : foo : 6
6
</code></pre><h3 id="m4exit">m4exit</h3>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>m4exit</strong> ( <em>exitcode</em> )</p>
</blockquote>
<p>M4 &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xADF8;&#xB7A8; &#xC2E4;&#xD589;&#xC744; &#xC885;&#xB8CC;&#xD560; &#xB54C; &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9;&#xD569;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.
&#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xADF8;&#xB7A8; &#xC2E4;&#xD589;&#xC774; &#xC815;&#xC0C1; &#xC885;&#xB8CC;&#xB418;&#xB294; &#xAC83;&#xC774; &#xC544;&#xB2C8;&#xBBC0;&#xB85C; m4wrap &#xACFC; divert &#xB41C; &#xB0B4;&#xC6A9;&#xC740; &#xBAA8;&#xB450; discard &#xB429;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.
<code>exitcode</code> &#xB294; shell &#xC758; &#xC885;&#xB8CC; &#xC0C1;&#xD0DC; &#xAC12;&#xC744; &#xC9C0;&#xC815;&#xD569;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.</p>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@
1111111111 
m4wrap(`cleanup&apos;)dnl
divert(1)dnl
2222222222
@

1111111111
2222222222           # &#xC815;&#xC0C1; &#xC885;&#xB8CC; &#xC2DC;&#xC5D0;&#xB294; divert &#xB41C; &#xB0B4;&#xC6A9;&#xACFC;
cleanup              # m4wrap &#xC2A4;&#xD2B8;&#xB9C1;&#xC774; &#xBAA8;&#xB450; &#xCD9C;&#xB825;&#xB41C;&#xB2E4;.
--------------------

$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@
1111111111 
m4wrap(`cleanup&apos;)dnl
divert(1)dnl
2222222222
m4exit(5)
@
                     # m4exit &#xC5D0; &#xC758;&#xD574; &#xD504;&#xB85C;&#xADF8;&#xB7A8; &#xC2E4;&#xD589;&#xC774; abort &#xB418;&#xC5B4;
1111111111           # m4wrap, divert &#xB41C; &#xB0B4;&#xC6A9;&#xC774; &#xBAA8;&#xB450; discard &#xB41C;&#xB2E4;.

$ echo $?            # shell &#xC885;&#xB8CC; &#xC0C1;&#xD0DC; &#xAC12;
5
</code></pre><h3 id="fatalerror-&#xC0AC;&#xC6A9;&#xC790;-&#xC815;&#xC758;-&#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;">fatal_error &#xC0AC;&#xC6A9;&#xC790; &#xC815;&#xC758; &#xB9E4;&#xD06C;&#xB85C;</h3>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>fatal_error</strong> ( <em>Message</em> )</p>
</blockquote>
<pre><code>$ m4 &lt;&lt;\@
define(`fatal_error&apos;,
       `errprint(__program__:__file__:__line__`: fatal error: $*
&apos;)m4exit(1)&apos;)dnl
1111111111
m4wrap(`cleanup&apos;)dnl
divert(1)dnl
2222222222
fatal_error(`divert(1) &#xC911;&#xC5D0; &#xC624;&#xB958;&#xAC00; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD;&#xD588;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.&apos;)
@

1111111111
m4:stdin:8: fatal error: divert(1) &#xC911;&#xC5D0; &#xC624;&#xB958;&#xAC00; &#xBC1C;&#xC0DD;&#xD588;&#xC2B5;&#xB2C8;&#xB2E4;.
</code></pre>
                    
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