eventslib.php

<?php
// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
//
// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

/**
 * Library of functions for events manipulation.
 *
 * The public API is all at the end of this file.
 *
 * @package core
 * @copyright 1999 onwards Martin Dougiamas  {@link http://moodle.com}
 * @license http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
 */

defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();

/**
 * Loads the events definitions for the component (from file). If no
 * events are defined for the component, we simply return an empty array.
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param string $component examples: 'moodle', 'mod_forum', 'block_quiz_results'
 * @return array Array of capabilities or empty array if not exists
 */
function events_load_def($component) {
    global $CFG;
    if ($component === 'unittest') {
        $defpath = $CFG->dirroot.'/lib/tests/fixtures/events.php';
    } else {
        $defpath = get_component_directory($component).'/db/events.php';
    }

    $handlers = array();

    if (file_exists($defpath)) {
        require($defpath);
    }

    // make sure the definitions are valid and complete; tell devs what is wrong
    foreach ($handlers as $eventname => $handler) {
        if ($eventname === 'reset') {
            debugging("'reset' can not be used as event name.");
            unset($handlers['reset']);
            continue;
        }
        if (!is_array($handler)) {
            debugging("Handler of '$eventname' must be specified as array'");
            unset($handlers[$eventname]);
            continue;
        }
        if (!isset($handler['handlerfile'])) {
            debugging("Handler of '$eventname' must include 'handlerfile' key'");
            unset($handlers[$eventname]);
            continue;
        }
        if (!isset($handler['handlerfunction'])) {
            debugging("Handler of '$eventname' must include 'handlerfunction' key'");
            unset($handlers[$eventname]);
            continue;
        }
        if (!isset($handler['schedule'])) {
            $handler['schedule'] = 'instant';
        }
        if ($handler['schedule'] !== 'instant' and $handler['schedule'] !== 'cron') {
            debugging("Handler of '$eventname' must include valid 'schedule' type (instant or cron)'");
            unset($handlers[$eventname]);
            continue;
        }
        if (!isset($handler['internal'])) {
            $handler['internal'] = 1;
        }
        $handlers[$eventname] = $handler;
    }

    return $handlers;
}

/**
 * Gets the capabilities that have been cached in the database for this
 * component.
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param string $component examples: 'moodle', 'mod_forum', 'block_quiz_results'
 * @return array of events
 */
function events_get_cached($component) {
    global $DB;

    $cachedhandlers = array();

    if ($storedhandlers = $DB->get_records('events_handlers', array('component'=>$component))) {
        foreach ($storedhandlers as $handler) {
            $cachedhandlers[$handler->eventname] = array (
                'id'              => $handler->id,
                'handlerfile'     => $handler->handlerfile,
                'handlerfunction' => $handler->handlerfunction,
                'schedule'        => $handler->schedule,
                'internal'        => $handler->internal);
        }
    }

    return $cachedhandlers;
}

/**
 * Updates all of the event definitions within the database.
 *
 * Unfortunately this isn't as simple as removing them all and then readding
 * the updated event definitions. Chances are queued items are referencing the
 * existing definitions.
 *
 * Note that the absence of the db/events.php event definition file
 * will cause any queued events for the component to be removed from
 * the database.
 *
 * @category event
 * @param string $component examples: 'moodle', 'mod_forum', 'block_quiz_results'
 * @return boolean always returns true
 */
function events_update_definition($component='moodle') {
    global $DB;

    // load event definition from events.php
    $filehandlers = events_load_def($component);

    // load event definitions from db tables
    // if we detect an event being already stored, we discard from this array later
    // the remaining needs to be removed
    $cachedhandlers = events_get_cached($component);

    foreach ($filehandlers as $eventname => $filehandler) {
        if (!empty($cachedhandlers[$eventname])) {
            if ($cachedhandlers[$eventname]['handlerfile'] === $filehandler['handlerfile'] &&
                $cachedhandlers[$eventname]['handlerfunction'] === serialize($filehandler['handlerfunction']) &&
                $cachedhandlers[$eventname]['schedule'] === $filehandler['schedule'] &&
                $cachedhandlers[$eventname]['internal'] == $filehandler['internal']) {
                // exact same event handler already present in db, ignore this entry

                unset($cachedhandlers[$eventname]);
                continue;

            } else {
                // same event name matches, this event has been updated, update the datebase
                $handler = new stdClass();
                $handler->id              = $cachedhandlers[$eventname]['id'];
                $handler->handlerfile     = $filehandler['handlerfile'];
                $handler->handlerfunction = serialize($filehandler['handlerfunction']); // static class methods stored as array
                $handler->schedule        = $filehandler['schedule'];
                $handler->internal        = $filehandler['internal'];

                $DB->update_record('events_handlers', $handler);

                unset($cachedhandlers[$eventname]);
                continue;
            }

        } else {
            // if we are here, this event handler is not present in db (new)
            // add it
            $handler = new stdClass();
            $handler->eventname       = $eventname;
            $handler->component       = $component;
            $handler->handlerfile     = $filehandler['handlerfile'];
            $handler->handlerfunction = serialize($filehandler['handlerfunction']); // static class methods stored as array
            $handler->schedule        = $filehandler['schedule'];
            $handler->status          = 0;
            $handler->internal        = $filehandler['internal'];

            $DB->insert_record('events_handlers', $handler);
        }
    }

    // clean up the left overs, the entries in cached events array at this points are deprecated event handlers
    // and should be removed, delete from db
    events_cleanup($component, $cachedhandlers);

    events_get_handlers('reset');

    return true;
}

/**
 * Remove all event handlers and queued events
 *
 * @category event
 * @param string $component examples: 'moodle', 'mod_forum', 'block_quiz_results'
 */
function events_uninstall($component) {
    $cachedhandlers = events_get_cached($component);
    events_cleanup($component, $cachedhandlers);

    events_get_handlers('reset');
}

/**
 * Deletes cached events that are no longer needed by the component.
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param string $component examples: 'moodle', 'mod_forum', 'block_quiz_results'
 * @param array $cachedhandlers array of the cached events definitions that will be
 * @return int number of unused handlers that have been removed
 */
function events_cleanup($component, $cachedhandlers) {
    global $DB;

    $deletecount = 0;
    foreach ($cachedhandlers as $eventname => $cachedhandler) {
        if ($qhandlers = $DB->get_records('events_queue_handlers', array('handlerid'=>$cachedhandler['id']))) {
            //debugging("Removing pending events from queue before deleting of event handler: $component - $eventname");
            foreach ($qhandlers as $qhandler) {
                events_dequeue($qhandler);
            }
        }
        $DB->delete_records('events_handlers', array('eventname'=>$eventname, 'component'=>$component));
        $deletecount++;
    }

    return $deletecount;
}

/****************** End of Events handler Definition code *******************/

/**
 * Puts a handler on queue
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param stdClass $handler event handler object from db
 * @param stdClass $event event data object
 * @param string $errormessage The error message indicating the problem
 * @return int id number of new queue handler
 */
function events_queue_handler($handler, $event, $errormessage) {
    global $DB;

    if ($qhandler = $DB->get_record('events_queue_handlers', array('queuedeventid'=>$event->id, 'handlerid'=>$handler->id))) {
        debugging("Please check code: Event id $event->id is already queued in handler id $qhandler->id");
        return $qhandler->id;
    }

    // make a new queue handler
    $qhandler = new stdClass();
    $qhandler->queuedeventid  = $event->id;
    $qhandler->handlerid      = $handler->id;
    $qhandler->errormessage   = $errormessage;
    $qhandler->timemodified   = time();
    if ($handler->schedule === 'instant' and $handler->status == 1) {
        $qhandler->status     = 1; //already one failed attempt to dispatch this event
    } else {
        $qhandler->status     = 0;
    }

    return $DB->insert_record('events_queue_handlers', $qhandler);
}

/**
 * trigger a single event with a specified handler
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param stdClass $handler This shoudl be a row from the events_handlers table.
 * @param stdClass $eventdata An object containing information about the event
 * @param string $errormessage error message indicating problem
 * @return bool|null True means event processed, false means retry event later; may throw exception, NULL means internal error
 */
function events_dispatch($handler, $eventdata, &$errormessage) {
    global $CFG;

    $function = unserialize($handler->handlerfunction);

    if (is_callable($function)) {
        // oki, no need for includes

    } else if (file_exists($CFG->dirroot.$handler->handlerfile)) {
        include_once($CFG->dirroot.$handler->handlerfile);

    } else {
        $errormessage = "Handler file of component $handler->component: $handler->handlerfile can not be found!";
        return null;
    }

    // checks for handler validity
    if (is_callable($function)) {
        $result = call_user_func($function, $eventdata);
        if ($result === false) {
            $errormessage = "Handler function of component $handler->component: $handler->handlerfunction requested resending of event!";
            return false;
        }
        return true;

    } else {
        $errormessage = "Handler function of component $handler->component: $handler->handlerfunction not callable function or class method!";
        return null;
    }
}

/**
 * given a queued handler, call the respective event handler to process the event
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param stdClass $qhandler events_queued_handler row from db
 * @return boolean true means event processed, false means retry later, NULL means fatal failure
 */
function events_process_queued_handler($qhandler) {
    global $DB;

    // get handler
    if (!$handler = $DB->get_record('events_handlers', array('id'=>$qhandler->handlerid))) {
        debugging("Error processing queue handler $qhandler->id, missing handler id: $qhandler->handlerid");
        //irrecoverable error, remove broken queue handler
        events_dequeue($qhandler);
        return NULL;
    }

    // get event object
    if (!$event = $DB->get_record('events_queue', array('id'=>$qhandler->queuedeventid))) {
        // can't proceed with no event object - might happen when two crons running at the same time
        debugging("Error processing queue handler $qhandler->id, missing event id: $qhandler->queuedeventid");
        //irrecoverable error, remove broken queue handler
        events_dequeue($qhandler);
        return NULL;
    }

    // call the function specified by the handler
    try {
        $errormessage = 'Unknown error';
        if (events_dispatch($handler, unserialize(base64_decode($event->eventdata)), $errormessage)) {
            //everything ok
            events_dequeue($qhandler);
            return true;
        }
    } catch (Exception $e) {
        // the problem here is that we do not want one broken handler to stop all others,
        // cron handlers are very tricky because the needed data might have been deleted before the cron execution
        $errormessage = "Handler function of component $handler->component: $handler->handlerfunction threw exception :" .
                $e->getMessage() . "\n" . format_backtrace($e->getTrace(), true);
        if (!empty($e->debuginfo)) {
            $errormessage .= $e->debuginfo;
        }
    }

    //dispatching failed
    $qh = new stdClass();
    $qh->id           = $qhandler->id;
    $qh->errormessage = $errormessage;
    $qh->timemodified = time();
    $qh->status       = $qhandler->status + 1;
    $DB->update_record('events_queue_handlers', $qh);

    return false;
}

/**
 * Removes this queued handler from the events_queued_handler table
 *
 * Removes events_queue record from events_queue if no more references to this event object exists
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @param stdClass $qhandler A row from the events_queued_handler table
 */
function events_dequeue($qhandler) {
    global $DB;

    // first delete the queue handler
    $DB->delete_records('events_queue_handlers', array('id'=>$qhandler->id));

    // if no more queued handler is pointing to the same event - delete the event too
    if (!$DB->record_exists('events_queue_handlers', array('queuedeventid'=>$qhandler->queuedeventid))) {
        $DB->delete_records('events_queue', array('id'=>$qhandler->queuedeventid));
    }
}

/**
 * Returns handlers for given event. Uses caching for better perf.
 *
 * @access protected To be used from eventslib only
 *
 * @staticvar array $handlers
 * @param string $eventname name of event or 'reset'
 * @return array|false array of handlers or false otherwise
 */
function events_get_handlers($eventname) {
    global $DB;
    static $handlers = array();

    if ($eventname === 'reset') {
        $handlers = array();
        return false;
    }

    if (!array_key_exists($eventname, $handlers)) {
        $handlers[$eventname] = $DB->get_records('events_handlers', array('eventname'=>$eventname));
    }

    return $handlers[$eventname];
}

/**
 * Events cron will try to empty the events queue by processing all the queued events handlers
 *
 * @access public Part of the public API
 * @category event
 * @param string $eventname empty means all
 * @return int number of dispatched events
 */
function events_cron($eventname='') {
    global $DB;

    $failed = array();
    $processed = 0;

    if ($eventname) {
        $sql = "SELECT qh.*
                  FROM {events_queue_handlers} qh, {events_handlers} h
                 WHERE qh.handlerid = h.id AND h.eventname=?
              ORDER BY qh.id";
        $params = array($eventname);
    } else {
        $sql = "SELECT *
                  FROM {events_queue_handlers}
              ORDER BY id";
        $params = array();
    }

    $rs = $DB->get_recordset_sql($sql, $params);
    foreach ($rs as $qhandler) {
        if (isset($failed[$qhandler->handlerid])) {
            // do not try to dispatch any later events when one already asked for retry or ended with exception
            continue;
        }
        $status = events_process_queued_handler($qhandler);
        if ($status === false) {
            // handler is asking for retry, do not send other events to this handler now
            $failed[$qhandler->handlerid] = $qhandler->handlerid;
        } else if ($status === NULL) {
            // means completely broken handler, event data was purged
            $failed[$qhandler->handlerid] = $qhandler->handlerid;
        } else {
            $processed++;
        }
    }
    $rs->close();

    // remove events that do not have any handlers waiting
    $sql = "SELECT eq.id
              FROM {events_queue} eq
              LEFT JOIN {events_queue_handlers} qh ON qh.queuedeventid = eq.id
             WHERE qh.id IS NULL";
    $rs = $DB->get_recordset_sql($sql);
    foreach ($rs as $event) {
        //debugging('Purging stale event '.$event->id);
        $DB->delete_records('events_queue', array('id'=>$event->id));
    }
    $rs->close();

    return $processed;
}


/**
 * Function to call all event handlers when triggering an event
 *
 * @access public Part of the public API.
 * @category event
 * @param string $eventname name of the event
 * @param string $eventdata event data object. This should contain any data the
 *     event wants to share and should really be documented by the event publisher
 * @return int number of failed events
 */
function events_trigger($eventname, $eventdata) {
    global $CFG, $USER, $DB;

    $failedcount = 0; // number of failed events.

    // pull out all registered event handlers
    if ($handlers = events_get_handlers($eventname)) {
        foreach ($handlers as $handler) {
            $errormessage = '';

            if ($handler->schedule === 'instant') {
                if ($handler->status) {
                    //check if previous pending events processed
                    if (!$DB->record_exists('events_queue_handlers', array('handlerid'=>$handler->id))) {
                        // ok, queue is empty, lets reset the status back to 0 == ok
                        $handler->status = 0;
                        $DB->set_field('events_handlers', 'status', 0, array('id'=>$handler->id));
                        // reset static handler cache
                        events_get_handlers('reset');
                    }
                }

                // dispatch the event only if instant schedule and status ok
                if ($handler->status or (!$handler->internal and $DB->is_transaction_started())) {
                    // increment the error status counter
                    $handler->status++;
                    $DB->set_field('events_handlers', 'status', $handler->status, array('id'=>$handler->id));
                    // reset static handler cache
                    events_get_handlers('reset');

                } else {
                    $errormessage = 'Unknown error';;
                    $result = events_dispatch($handler, $eventdata, $errormessage);
                    if ($result === true) {
                        // everything is fine - event dispatched
                        continue;
                    } else if ($result === false) {
                        // retry later - set error count to 1 == send next instant into cron queue
                        $DB->set_field('events_handlers', 'status', 1, array('id'=>$handler->id));
                        // reset static handler cache
                        events_get_handlers('reset');
                    } else {
                        // internal problem - ignore the event completely
                        $failedcount ++;
                        continue;
                    }
                }

                // update the failed counter
                $failedcount ++;

            } else if ($handler->schedule === 'cron') {
                //ok - use queueing of events only

            } else {
                // unknown schedule - ignore event completely
                debugging("Unknown handler schedule type: $handler->schedule");
                $failedcount ++;
                continue;
            }

            // if even type is not instant, or dispatch asked for retry, queue it
            $event = new stdClass();
            $event->userid      = $USER->id;
            $event->eventdata   = base64_encode(serialize($eventdata));
            $event->timecreated = time();
            if (debugging()) {
                $dump = '';
                $callers = debug_backtrace();
                foreach ($callers as $caller) {
                    if (!isset($caller['line'])) {
                        $caller['line'] = '?';
                    }
                    if (!isset($caller['file'])) {
                        $caller['file'] = '?';
                    }
                    $dump .= 'line ' . $caller['line'] . ' of ' . substr($caller['file'], strlen($CFG->dirroot) + 1);
                    if (isset($caller['function'])) {
                        $dump .= ': call to ';
                        if (isset($caller['class'])) {
                            $dump .= $caller['class'] . $caller['type'];
                        }
                        $dump .= $caller['function'] . '()';
                    }
                    $dump .= "\n";
                }
                $event->stackdump = $dump;
            } else {
                $event->stackdump = '';
            }
            $event->id = $DB->insert_record('events_queue', $event);
            events_queue_handler($handler, $event, $errormessage);
        }
    } else {
        // No handler found for this event name - this is ok!
    }

    return $failedcount;
}

/**
 * checks if an event is registered for this component
 *
 * @access public Part of the public API
 *
 * @param string $eventname name of the event
 * @param string $component component name, can be mod/data or moodle
 * @return bool
 */
function events_is_registered($eventname, $component) {
    global $DB;
    return $DB->record_exists('events_handlers', array('component'=>$component, 'eventname'=>$eventname));
}

/**
 * checks if an event is queued for processing - either cron handlers attached or failed instant handlers
 *
 * @access public Part of the public API
 *
 * @param string $eventname name of the event
 * @return int number of queued events
 */
function events_pending_count($eventname) {
    global $DB;

    $sql = "SELECT COUNT('x')
              FROM {events_queue_handlers} qh
              JOIN {events_handlers} h ON h.id = qh.handlerid
             WHERE h.eventname = ?";

    return $DB->count_records_sql($sql, array($eventname));
}