Merge pull request giantray#36 from AutumnLight/patch-1

添加翻译与格式修改

Author: giantray

README.md

@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ stackoverflow-Java-top-qa
 
 * [Java += 操作符实质](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/java-operator.md)
 * [将InputStream转换为String](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/read-convert-an-inputstream-to-a-string.md)
-* [将数组转换为List](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/create-arraylist-arraylistt-from-array-t.md)
+* [将数组转换为List](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/create-arraylist-from-array.md)
 * [如何遍历map对象](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/iterate-through-a-hashmap.md)
 * [public，protected，private，不加修饰符。有什么区别呢？](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/in-java-whats-the-difference-between-public-default-protected-and-private.md)
-* [如何测试一个数组是否包含指定的值？](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/How-can-I-test-if-an-array-contains-a-certain-value.md)
+* [如何测试一个数组是否包含指定的值？](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-can-i-test-if-an-array-contains-a-certain-value.md)
 * [重写（Override）equlas和hashCode方法时应考虑的问题](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/what-issues-should-be-considered-when-overriding-equals-and-hashcode-in-java.md)
 * [从一个多层嵌套循环中直接跳出](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/breaking-out-of-nested-loops-in-java.md)
 * [如何将String转换为Int](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/converting-string-to-int-in-java.md)
@@ -40,33 +40,34 @@ stackoverflow-Java-top-qa
 * [`Map<Key,Value>`基于Value值排序](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-sort-a-mapkey-value-on-the-values-in-java.md)
 * [`HashMap和Hashtable的区别](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/differences-between-hashmap-and-hashtable.md)
 * [如何便捷地将两个数组合到一起](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-concatenate-two-arrays-in-java.md)
-* [Java 是否支持默认的参数值](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Does-Java-support-default-parameter-values.md)
+* [Java 是否支持默认的参数值](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/does-java-support-default-parameter-values.md)
 * [Java 产生指定范围的随机数](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/generating-random-integers-in-a-range-with-Java.md)
 * [JavaBean 到底是什么](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/what-is-a-javabean-exactly.md)
 * [wait()和sleep()的区别](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/difference-between-wait-and-sleep.md)
-* [能否在一个构造器( `constructor` )中调用另一个构造器](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/How-do-i-call-one-constructor-from-another-in-java.md)
-* [ `finally` 代码块总会被执行么](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Does-finally-always-execute-in-Java.md)
+* [能否在一个构造器( `constructor` )中调用另一个构造器](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-do-i-call-one-constructor-from-another-in-java.md)
+* [ `finally` 代码块总会被执行么](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/does-finally-always-execute-in-java.md)
 * [如何将String转换为enum](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/convert-a-string-to-an-enum-in-java.md)
-* [在Java中声明数组](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Declare-array-in-Java.md)
-* [反射是什么及其用途](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/What-is-reflection-and-why-is-it-useful.md)
-* [为什么不能用string类型进行switch判断](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Why-can't-I-switch-on-a-String.md)
+* [在Java中声明数组](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/declare-array-in-java.md)
+* [反射是什么及其用途](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/what-is-reflection-and-why-is-it-useful.md)
+* [为什么不能用string类型进行switch判断](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/why-cant-i-switch-on-a-string.md)
 * [比较java枚举成员使用equal还是==](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/comparing-java-enum-members-or-equals.md)
 * [用java怎么创建一个文件并向该文件写文本内容](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-create-a-file-and-write-to-a-file-in-java.md)
+* [serialVersionUID 有什么作用？该如何使用？](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/what-is-a-serialversionuid-and-why-should-i-use-it.md)
 
 > 编程技巧
 
 * [去掉烦人的“!=null"(判空语句](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/avoiding-null-statements-in-java.md)
 * [获取完整的堆栈信息](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/get-current-stack-trace-in-java.md)
 * [如何用一行代码初始化一个ArrayList](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/initialization-of-an-arraylist-in-one-line.md)
-* [初始化静态map](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/How-can-I-Initialize-a-static-Map.md)
-* [给3个布尔变量，当其中有2个或者2个以上为true才返回true](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Check-if-at-least-two-out-of-three-booleans-are-true.md)
-* [输出 Java 数组最简单的方式](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/What's-the-simplest-way-to-print-a-Java-array.md)
+* [初始化静态map](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-can-i-initialize-a-static-map.md)
+* [给3个布尔变量，当其中有2个或者2个以上为true才返回true](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/check-if-at-least-two-out-of-three-booleans-are-true.md)
+* [输出 Java 数组最简单的方式](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/whats-the-simplest-way-to-print-a-java-array.md)
 * [为什么以下用随机生成的文字会得出 “hello world”?](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/why-does-this-code-using-random-strings-print-hello-world.md)
-* [什么在java中存放密码更倾向于char[]而不是String](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/why-is-cha[]-preferred-over-String-for-passwords-in-java.md)
+* [什么在java中存放密码更倾向于char[]而不是String](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/why-is-char-preferred-over-string-for-passwords-in-java.md)
 * [如何避免在JSP文件中使用Java代码](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-avoid-java-code-in-jsp-files.md)
-* [Java 源码里的设计模式](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Examples_of_GoF_Design_Patterns_in_Java's_core_libraries.md)
-* [如何产生一个随机的字母数字串作为 session 的唯一标识符](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/How_to_generate_a_random_alpha-numeric_string.md)
-* [如何创建单例](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/What_is_an_efficient_way_to_implement_a_singleton_in_Java.md)
+* [Java 源码里的设计模式](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/examples-of-gof-design-patterns-in-javas-core-libraries.md)
+* [如何产生一个随机的字母数字串作为 session 的唯一标识符](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-generate-a-random-alpha-numeric-string.md)
+* [如何创建单例](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/what-is-an-efficient-way-to-implement-a-singleton-in-java.md)
 * [实现Runnable接口  VS. 继承Thread类](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/implements-runnable-vs-extends-thread.md)
 * [我应该用哪一个@NotNull注解](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/which-notnull-java-annotation-should-i-use.md)
 * [怎样将堆栈追踪信息转换为字符串](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-can-i-convert-a-stack-trace-to-a-string.md)
@@ -81,15 +82,15 @@ stackoverflow-Java-top-qa
 
 * [LinkedList、ArrayList各自的使用场景，如何确认应该用哪一个呢？](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/when-to-use-linkedlist-over-arraylist.md)
 * [StringBuilder和StringBuffer有哪些区别呢](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/stringbuilder-and-stringbuffer.md)
-* [为什么处理排序的数组要比非排序的快](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Why-is-processing-a-sorted-array-faster-than-an-unsorted-array.md)
+* [为什么处理排序的数组要比非排序的快](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/why-is-processing-a-sorted-array-faster-than-an-unsorted-array.md)
 
 > 测试
 
-* [如何测试 private 方法，变量或者内部类](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/How_to_test_a_class_that_has_private_methods,_fields_or_inner_classes.md)
+* [如何测试 private 方法，变量或者内部类](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/how-to-test-a-class-that-has-private-methods-fields-or-inner-classes.md)
 
 > Android
 
-* [在Android里面下载文件，并在ProgressDialog显示进度](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/Download_a_file_with_Android_and_showing_the_progress_in_a_ProgressDialog.md)
+* [在Android里面下载文件，并在ProgressDialog显示进度](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/download-a-file-with-android-and-showing-the-progress-in-a-progressdialog.md)
 * [如何获取Android设备唯一ID](https://github.com/giantray/stackoverflow-java-top-qa/blob/master/contents/is-there-a-unique-android-device-id.md)
 
 ### 待翻译问题链接(还剩x问题)

contents/Check-if-at-least-two-out-of-three-booleans-are-true.md contents/check-if-at-least-two-out-of-three-booleans-are-true.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+# 如何使用Java创建一个内存泄漏的程序
+
+## 问题：
+我在一个面试的过程中被问到如何使用Java创建一个内存泄漏的程序。毫无疑问地说，我当时哑口无言，根本不知道如何开始编码。
+
+## 解答
+在Java下有一个很好的方法来创建内存泄漏程序--通过使得对象不可访问但任然存储在内存中。
+
+1. 应用程序创建一个长期运行的线程A 或者 使用一个线程池来加快泄漏的速度。
+
+2. 线程A使用ClassLoader（用户可以自定义）加载一个类 B。
+
+3. 在类B申请一块很大的连续内存（例如：new byte[1000000]），
+并使用一个静态成员变量保存该空间的一个强引用，之后在一个ThreadLocal对象中存储类B对象的引用。
+虽然泄漏这个类的一个实例就足够了，但是也可以通过申请多个实例的方法来加快内存泄漏的速度。
+
+4. 线程A清理所有指向自定义类或者通过ClassLoadeer加载的引用。
+
+5. 重复上述步骤
+
+上述方式可以达到内存泄漏的目的，因为 ThreadLocal 存储了一个指向类B对象的引用，
+而该对象又保存了一个指向其类的引用，这个类又保存了一个指向其ClassLoader的引用，
+而ClassLoader又保存了一个通过它加载的所有类的引用。
+这种方法在许多的JVM的实现中表现更糟糕，因为Classes和ClassLoader被直接存储在老年代（permgen）并且永远都不会被GC处理。
+
+******************************下方为个人理解************************************
+
+通过一个简单的图来描述上述关系：<br>
+ThreadLocal.obj ---> B.obj ---> B.class <--> ClassLoader.obj<br>
+注：上图的\*.obj表示\*类的一个实例对象，B.class表示类B的Class对象
+
+******************************上方为个人理解************************************
+
+这个模式的一个变形：如果频繁的重新部署那些可能使用ThreadLocals的应用，应用容器（例如Tomcat）就会像筛子一样泄漏内存。
+因为应用容器使用上述所说的线程，每次重新部署应用时，应用容器都会使用一个新的ClassLoader。
+
+具体代码可以参考：https://gist.github.com/dpryden/b2bb29ee2d146901b4ae
+
+参考：http://frankkieviet.blogspot.com/2006/10/classloader-leaks-dreaded-permgen-space.html
+
+stackoverflow原址：http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6470651/creating-a-memory-leak-with-java

contents/create-arraylist-arraylistt-from-array-t.md contents/create-arraylist-from-array.md

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-# serialVersionUID 有什么作用？该如何使用？
+# serialVersionUID 有什么作用？该如何使用？
+##问题
 
 当一个对象实现 Serializable 接口时，多数 ide 会提示声明一个静态常量 serialVersionUID(版本标识），那 serialVersionUID 到底有什么作用呢？应该如何使用 serialVersionUID ？
 
+##回答
 serialVersionUID 是实现 Serializable 接口而来的，而 Serializable 则是应用于Java 对象序列化/反序列化。对象的序列化主要有两种用途:
 
 - 把对象序列化成字节码，保存到指定介质上(如磁盘等)