01_DataScientistToolbox/02_03_commandLineInterface/index.html

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  <hgroup class="auto-fadein">
    <h1>Introduction to the Command Line Interface</h1>
    <h2></h2>
    <p>Jeffrey Leek<br/>Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health</p>
  </hgroup>
  <article></article>  
</slide>
    

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    <slide class="" id="slide-1" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>What is the Command Line Interface?</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <p>Nearly ever computer comes with a CLI</p>

<ul>
<li>Windows: Git Bash (See &quot;Introduction to Git&quot;)</li>
<li>Mac/Linux: Terminal</li>
</ul>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
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<slide class="" id="slide-2" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>What can the CLI do?</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <p>The CLI can help you:</p>

<ul>
<li>Navigate folders</li>
<li>Create files, folders, and programs</li>
<li>Edit files, folders, and programs</li>
<li>Run computer programs</li>
</ul>

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  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
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<slide class="" id="slide-3" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Basics of Directories</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>&quot;Directory&quot; is just another name for folder</li>
<li>Directories on your computer are organized like a tree</li>
<li>Directories can be inside other directories</li>
<li>We can navigate directories using the CLI</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/musictree1.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-4" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Basics of Directories</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>My &quot;Debussy&quot; directory is contained inside of my &quot;Music&quot; directory</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/musictree2.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-5" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Basics of Directories</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>One directory &quot;up&quot; from my Debussy directory is my Music directory</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/musictree3.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
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<slide class="" id="slide-6" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Your computer&#39;s directory structure</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>The directory structure on your computer looks something like this</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/bigtree1.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-7" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Special directories: root</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>The directory at the top of the tree is called the root directory</li>
<li>The root directory contains all other directories</li>
<li>The name of this directory is represented by a slash: <code>/</code></li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/bigtree2.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-8" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Special directories: home</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>Your home directory is represented by a tilde: <code>~</code></li>
<li>Your home directory usually contains most of your personal files, pictures, music, etc.</li>
<li>The name of your home directory is usually the name you use to log into your computer</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/bigtree3.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-9" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Navigating directories with the CLI</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <p>Windows users:</p>

<ul>
<li>Open the start menu</li>
<li>Search for Git Bash</li>
<li>Open Git Bash</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/startmenu.png height='250'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-10" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Navigating directories with the CLI</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <p>Mac users:</p>

<ul>
<li>Open Spotlight</li>
<li>Search Terminal</li>
<li>Open Terminal</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/spotlight.png height='250'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-11" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Basics</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>When you open your CLI you will see your prompt, which will looks something like the name of your computer, followed by your username, followed by a <code>$</code></li>
<li>When you open your CLI you start in your home directory.</li>
<li>Whatever directory you&#39;re currently working with in your CLI is called the &quot;working directory&quot;</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/bash1.png height=100%/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-12" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Basics</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>You can imagine tracing all of the directories from your root directory to the directory you&#39;re currently in. </li>
<li>This is called the &quot;path&quot; to your working directory. </li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/redtree.png height='350'/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-13" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Basics</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>In your CLI prompt, type <code>pwd</code> and press enter.</li>
<li>This will display the path to your working directory.</li>
<li>As you can see we get the prompt back after entering a command.</li>
</ul>

<p><img class=center src=../../assets/img/IntroToCLI/pwd.png height=100%/></p>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-14" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>You use the CLI prompt by typing in a command and pressing enter.</li>
<li><code>pwd</code> can be used at any time to display the path to your working directory (<code>pwd</code> is an abbreviation for &quot;print working directory&quot;)</li>
</ul>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-15" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>CLI commands follow this recipe: <strong><em>command flags arguments</em></strong></li>
<li><strong><em>command</em></strong> is the CLI command which does a specific task</li>
<li><strong><em>flags</em></strong> are options we give to the <strong><em>command</em></strong> to trigger certain behaviors, preceded by a <code>-</code></li>
<li><strong><em>arguments</em></strong> can be what the <strong><em>command</em></strong> is going to modify, or other options for the <strong><em>command</em></strong></li>
<li>Depending on the <strong><em>command</em></strong>, there can be zero or more <strong><em>flags</em></strong> and <strong><em>arguments</em></strong></li>
<li>For example <code>pwd</code> is a <strong><em>command</em></strong> that requires no <strong><em>flags</em></strong> or <strong><em>arguments</em></strong></li>
</ul>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-16" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>pwd</code> displays the path to the current working directory</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff
jeff$ 
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-17" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>clear</code> will clear out the commands in your current CLI window</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff
jeff$ clear
</code></pre>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-18" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>ls</code> lists files and folders in the current directory</li>
<li><code>ls -a</code> lists hidden and unhidden files and folders</li>
<li><code>ls -al</code> lists details for hidden and unhidden files and folders</li>
<li>Notice that <code>-a</code> and <code>-l</code> are flags (they&#39;re preceded by a <code>-</code>)</li>
<li>They can be combined into the flag: <code>-al</code></li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos   Music    
jeff$ ls -a
Desktop   Photos   Music  .Trash  .DS_Store
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-19" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>cd</code> stands for &quot;change directory&quot;</li>
<li><code>cd</code> takes as an argument the directory you want to visit</li>
<li><code>cd</code> with no argument takes you to your home directory</li>
<li><code>cd ..</code> allows you to change directory to one level above your current directory</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ cd Music/Debussy
jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff/Music/Debussy
jeff$ cd ..
jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff/Music
jeff$ cd
jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-20" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>mkdir</code> stands for &quot;make directory&quot;</li>
<li>Just like: right click -&gt; create new folder</li>
<li><code>mkdir</code> takes as an argument the name of the directory you&#39;re creating </li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ mkdir Documents
jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents
jeff$ cd Documents
jeff$ pwd
/Users/jeff/Documents
jeff$ cd
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-21" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>touch</code> creates an empty file</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ touch test_file
jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents   test_file
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-22" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>cp</code> stands for &quot;copy&quot;</li>
<li><code>cp</code> takes as its first argument a file, and as its second argument the path to where you want the file to be copied</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ cp test_file Documents
jeff$ cd Documents
jeff$ ls 
test_file
jeff$ cd ..
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-23" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>cp</code> can also be used for copying the contents of directories, but you must use the <code>-r</code> flag</li>
<li>The line: <code>cp -r Documents More_docs</code> copies the contents of <code>Documents</code> into <code>More_docs</code></li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ mkdir More_docs
jeff$ cp -r Documents More_docs
jeff$ cd More_docs
jeff$ ls 
test_file
jeff$ cd ..
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-24" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>rm</code> stands for &quot;remove&quot;</li>
<li><code>rm</code> takes the name of a file you wish to remove as its argument</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents   More_docs   test_file
jeff$ rm test_file
jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents   More_docs
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-25" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>You can also use <code>rm</code> to delete entire directories and their contents by using the <code>-r</code> flag</li>
<li><strong>Be very careful when you do this, there is no way to undo an <code>rm</code></strong></li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents   More_docs
jeff$ rm -r More_docs
jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-26" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>mv</code> stands for &quot;move&quot;</li>
<li>With <code>mv</code> you can move files between directories</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ touch new_file
jeff$ mv new_file Documents
jeff$ ls
Desktop   Photos  Music   Documents
jeff$ cd Documents
jeff$ ls
test_file   new_file
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-27" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li>You can also use <code>mv</code> to rename files</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ ls
test_file   new_file
jeff$ mv new_file renamed_file
jeff$ ls
test_file renamed_file
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-28" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>echo</code> will print whatever arguments you provide</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ echo Hello World!
Hello World!
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-29" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>CLI Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>date</code> will print today&#39;s date</li>
</ul>

<pre><code class="bash">jeff$ date
Mon Nov  4 20:48:03 EST 2013
jeff$
</code></pre>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

<slide class="" id="slide-30" style="background:;">
  <hgroup>
    <h2>Summary of Commands</h2>
  </hgroup>
  <article data-timings="">
    <ul>
<li><code>pwd</code></li>
<li><code>clear</code></li>
<li><code>ls</code></li>
<li><code>cd</code></li>
<li><code>mkdir</code></li>
<li><code>touch</code></li>
<li><code>cp</code></li>
<li><code>rm</code></li>
<li><code>mv</code></li>
<li><code>date</code></li>
<li><code>echo</code></li>
</ul>

  </article>
  <!-- Presenter Notes -->
</slide>

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        data-slide=1 title='What is the Command Line Interface?'>
         1
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        data-slide=2 title='What can the CLI do?'>
         2
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        data-slide=3 title='Basics of Directories'>
         3
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        data-slide=7 title='Special directories: root'>
         7
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        data-slide=8 title='Special directories: home'>
         8
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        data-slide=9 title='Navigating directories with the CLI'>
         9
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        data-slide=10 title='Navigating directories with the CLI'>
         10
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