read_compressed.cc

#include "util/read_compressed.hh"

#include "util/file.hh"
#include "util/have.hh"
#include "util/scoped.hh"

#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>

#include <assert.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#ifdef HAVE_ZLIB
#include <zlib.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_BZLIB
#include <bzlib.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_XZLIB
#include <lzma.h>
#endif

namespace util {

CompressedException::CompressedException() throw() {}
CompressedException::~CompressedException() throw() {}

GZException::GZException() throw() {}
GZException::~GZException() throw() {}

BZException::BZException() throw() {}
BZException::~BZException() throw() {}

XZException::XZException() throw() {}
XZException::~XZException() throw() {}

class ReadBase {
  public:
    virtual ~ReadBase() {}

    virtual std::size_t Read(void *to, std::size_t amount, ReadCompressed &thunk) = 0;

  protected:
    static void ReplaceThis(ReadBase *with, ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      thunk.internal_.reset(with);
    }

    ReadBase *Current(ReadCompressed &thunk) { return thunk.internal_.get(); }

    static uint64_t &ReadCount(ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      return thunk.raw_amount_;
    }
};

namespace {

ReadBase *ReadFactory(int fd, uint64_t &raw_amount, const void *already_data, std::size_t already_size);

// Completed file that other classes can thunk to.  
class Complete : public ReadBase {
  public:
    std::size_t Read(void *, std::size_t, ReadCompressed &) {
      return 0;
    }
};

class Uncompressed : public ReadBase {
  public:
    explicit Uncompressed(int fd) : fd_(fd) {}

    std::size_t Read(void *to, std::size_t amount, ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      std::size_t got = PartialRead(fd_.get(), to, amount);
      ReadCount(thunk) += got;
      return got;
    }

  private:
    scoped_fd fd_;
};

class UncompressedWithHeader : public ReadBase {
  public:
    UncompressedWithHeader(int fd, const void *already_data, std::size_t already_size) : fd_(fd) {
      assert(already_size);
      buf_.reset(malloc(already_size));
      if (!buf_.get()) throw std::bad_alloc();
      memcpy(buf_.get(), already_data, already_size);
      remain_ = static_cast<uint8_t*>(buf_.get());
      end_ = remain_ + already_size;
    }

    std::size_t Read(void *to, std::size_t amount, ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      assert(buf_.get());
      assert(remain_ != end_);
      std::size_t sending = std::min<std::size_t>(amount, end_ - remain_);
      memcpy(to, remain_, sending);
      remain_ += sending;
      if (remain_ == end_) {
        ReplaceThis(new Uncompressed(fd_.release()), thunk);
      }
      return sending;
    }

  private:
    scoped_malloc buf_;
    uint8_t *remain_;
    uint8_t *end_;

    scoped_fd fd_;
};

static const std::size_t kInputBuffer = 16384;

template <class Compression> class StreamCompressed : public ReadBase {
  public:
    StreamCompressed(int fd, const void *already_data, std::size_t already_size)
      : file_(fd),
        in_buffer_(MallocOrThrow(kInputBuffer)),
        back_(memcpy(in_buffer_.get(), already_data, already_size), already_size) {}
    
    std::size_t Read(void *to, std::size_t amount, ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      if (amount == 0) return 0;
      back_.SetOutput(to, amount);
      do {
        if (!back_.Stream().avail_in) ReadInput(thunk);
        if (!back_.Process()) {
          // reached end, at least for the compressed portion.
          std::size_t ret = static_cast<const uint8_t *>(static_cast<void*>(back_.Stream().next_out)) - static_cast<const uint8_t*>(to);
          ReplaceThis(ReadFactory(file_.release(), ReadCount(thunk), back_.Stream().next_in, back_.Stream().avail_in), thunk);
          if (ret) return ret;
          // We did not read anything this round, so clients might think EOF.  Transfer responsibility to the next reader.
          return Current(thunk)->Read(to, amount, thunk);
        }
      } while (back_.Stream().next_out == to);
      return static_cast<const uint8_t*>(static_cast<void*>(back_.Stream().next_out)) - static_cast<const uint8_t*>(to);
    }

  private:
    void ReadInput(ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      assert(!back_.Stream().avail_in);
      std::size_t got = ReadOrEOF(file_.get(), in_buffer_.get(), kInputBuffer);
      back_.SetInput(in_buffer_.get(), got);
      ReadCount(thunk) += got;
    }

    scoped_fd file_;
    scoped_malloc in_buffer_;

    Compression back_;
};

#ifdef HAVE_ZLIB
class GZip {
  public:
    GZip(const void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      SetInput(base, amount);
      stream_.zalloc = Z_NULL;
      stream_.zfree = Z_NULL;
      stream_.opaque = Z_NULL;
      stream_.msg = NULL;
      // 32 for zlib and gzip decoding with automatic header detection.  
      // 15 for maximum window size.  
      UTIL_THROW_IF(Z_OK != inflateInit2(&stream_, 32 + 15), GZException, "Failed to initialize zlib.");
    }

    ~GZip() {
      if (Z_OK != inflateEnd(&stream_)) {
        std::cerr << "zlib could not close properly." << std::endl;
        abort();
      }
    }

    void SetOutput(void *to, std::size_t amount) {
      stream_.next_out = static_cast<Bytef*>(to);
      stream_.avail_out = std::min<std::size_t>(std::numeric_limits<uInt>::max(), amount);
    }

    void SetInput(const void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      assert(amount < static_cast<std::size_t>(std::numeric_limits<uInt>::max()));
      stream_.next_in = const_cast<Bytef*>(static_cast<const Bytef*>(base));
      stream_.avail_in = amount;
    }

    const z_stream &Stream() const { return stream_; }

    bool Process() {
      int result = inflate(&stream_, 0);
      switch (result) {
        case Z_OK:
          return true;
        case Z_STREAM_END:
          return false;
        case Z_ERRNO:
          UTIL_THROW(ErrnoException, "zlib error");
        default:
          UTIL_THROW(GZException, "zlib encountered " << (stream_.msg ? stream_.msg : "an error ") << " code " << result);
      }
    }

  private:
    z_stream stream_;
};
#endif // HAVE_ZLIB

const uint8_t kBZMagic[3] = {'B', 'Z', 'h'};

#ifdef HAVE_BZLIB
class BZip {
  public:
    BZip(const void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      memset(&stream_, 0, sizeof(stream_));
      SetInput(base, amount);
      HandleError(BZ2_bzDecompressInit(&stream_, 0, 0));
    }

    ~BZip() {
      try {
        HandleError(BZ2_bzDecompressEnd(&stream_));
      } catch (const std::exception &e) {
        std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
        abort();
      }
    }

    bool Process() {
      int ret = BZ2_bzDecompress(&stream_);
      if (ret == BZ_STREAM_END) return false;
      HandleError(ret);
      return true;
    }

    void SetOutput(void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      stream_.next_out = static_cast<char*>(base);
      stream_.avail_out = std::min<std::size_t>(std::numeric_limits<unsigned int>::max(), amount);
    }

    void SetInput(const void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      stream_.next_in = const_cast<char*>(static_cast<const char*>(base));
      stream_.avail_in = amount;
    }

    const bz_stream &Stream() const { return stream_; }

  private:
    void HandleError(int value) {
      switch(value) {
        case BZ_OK:
          return;
        case BZ_CONFIG_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(BZException, "bzip2 seems to be miscompiled.");
        case BZ_PARAM_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(BZException, "bzip2 Parameter error");
        case BZ_DATA_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(BZException, "bzip2 detected a corrupt file");
        case BZ_DATA_ERROR_MAGIC:
          UTIL_THROW(BZException, "bzip2 detected bad magic bytes.  Perhaps this was not a bzip2 file after all?");
        case BZ_MEM_ERROR:
          throw std::bad_alloc();
        default:
          UTIL_THROW(BZException, "Unknown bzip2 error code " << value);
      }
    }

    bz_stream stream_;
};
#endif // HAVE_BZLIB

#ifdef HAVE_XZLIB
class XZip {
  public:
    XZip(const void *base, std::size_t amount)
      : stream_(), action_(LZMA_RUN) {
      memset(&stream_, 0, sizeof(stream_));
      SetInput(base, amount);
      HandleError(lzma_stream_decoder(&stream_, UINT64_MAX, 0));
    }

    ~XZip() {
      lzma_end(&stream_);
    }

    void SetOutput(void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      stream_.next_out = static_cast<uint8_t*>(base);
      stream_.avail_out = amount;
    }

    void SetInput(const void *base, std::size_t amount) {
      stream_.next_in = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(base);
      stream_.avail_in = amount;
      if (!amount) action_ = LZMA_FINISH;
    }

    const lzma_stream &Stream() const { return stream_; }

    bool Process() {
      lzma_ret status = lzma_code(&stream_, action_);
      if (status == LZMA_STREAM_END) return false;
      HandleError(status);
      return true;
    }

  private:
    void HandleError(lzma_ret value) {
      switch (value) {
        case LZMA_OK:
          return;
        case LZMA_MEM_ERROR:
          throw std::bad_alloc();
        case LZMA_FORMAT_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(XZException, "xzlib says file format not recognized");
        case LZMA_OPTIONS_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(XZException, "xzlib says unsupported compression options");
        case LZMA_DATA_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(XZException, "xzlib says this file is corrupt");
        case LZMA_BUF_ERROR:
          UTIL_THROW(XZException, "xzlib says unexpected end of input");
        default:
          UTIL_THROW(XZException, "unrecognized xzlib error " << value);
      }
    }

    lzma_stream stream_;
    lzma_action action_;
};
#endif // HAVE_XZLIB

class IStreamReader : public ReadBase {
  public:
    explicit IStreamReader(std::istream &stream) : stream_(stream) {}

    std::size_t Read(void *to, std::size_t amount, ReadCompressed &thunk) {
      if (!stream_.read(static_cast<char*>(to), amount)) {
        UTIL_THROW_IF(!stream_.eof(), ErrnoException, "istream error");
        amount = stream_.gcount();
      }
      ReadCount(thunk) += amount;
      return amount;
    }

  private:
    std::istream &stream_;
};

enum MagicResult {
  UNKNOWN, GZIP, BZIP, XZIP
};

MagicResult DetectMagic(const void *from_void) {
  const uint8_t *header = static_cast<const uint8_t*>(from_void);
  if (header[0] == 0x1f && header[1] == 0x8b) {
    return GZIP;
  }
  if (!memcmp(header, kBZMagic, sizeof(kBZMagic))) {
    return BZIP;
  }
  const uint8_t kXZMagic[6] = { 0xFD, '7', 'z', 'X', 'Z', 0x00 };
  if (!memcmp(header, kXZMagic, sizeof(kXZMagic))) {
    return XZIP;
  }
  return UNKNOWN;
}

ReadBase *ReadFactory(int fd, uint64_t &raw_amount, const void *already_data, std::size_t already_size) {
  scoped_fd hold(fd);
  std::string header(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(already_data), already_size);
  if (header.size() < ReadCompressed::kMagicSize) {
    std::size_t original = header.size();
    header.resize(ReadCompressed::kMagicSize);
    std::size_t got = ReadOrEOF(fd, &header[original], ReadCompressed::kMagicSize - original);
    raw_amount += got;
    header.resize(original + got);
  }
  if (header.empty()) {
    hold.release();
    return new Complete();
  }
  // Assumption: it's impossible to have a gzip/bzip2 file smaller than xz's 6-byte header.
  if (header.size() < ReadCompressed::kMagicSize)
    return new UncompressedWithHeader(hold.release(), header.data(), header.size());
  switch (DetectMagic(&header[0])) {
    case GZIP:
#ifdef HAVE_ZLIB
      return new StreamCompressed<GZip>(hold.release(), header.data(), header.size());
#else
      UTIL_THROW(CompressedException, "This looks like a gzip file but gzip support was not compiled in.");
#endif
    case BZIP:
#ifdef HAVE_BZLIB
      return new StreamCompressed<BZip>(hold.release(), &header[0], header.size());
#else
      UTIL_THROW(CompressedException, "This looks like a bzip file (it begins with BZ), but bzip support was not compiled in.");
#endif
    case XZIP:
#ifdef HAVE_XZLIB
      return new StreamCompressed<XZip>(hold.release(), header.data(), header.size());
#else
      UTIL_THROW(CompressedException, "This looks like an xz file, but xz support was not compiled in.");
#endif
    case UNKNOWN:
      break;
  }
  return new UncompressedWithHeader(hold.release(), header.data(), header.size());
}

} // namespace

bool ReadCompressed::DetectCompressedMagic(const void *from_void) {
  return DetectMagic(from_void) != UNKNOWN;
}

ReadCompressed::ReadCompressed(int fd) {
  Reset(fd);
}

ReadCompressed::ReadCompressed(std::istream &in) {
  Reset(in);
}

ReadCompressed::ReadCompressed() {}

ReadCompressed::~ReadCompressed() {}

void ReadCompressed::Reset(int fd) {
  internal_.reset();
  internal_.reset(ReadFactory(fd, raw_amount_, NULL, 0));
}

void ReadCompressed::Reset(std::istream &in) {
  internal_.reset();
  internal_.reset(new IStreamReader(in));
}

std::size_t ReadCompressed::Read(void *to, std::size_t amount) {
  return internal_->Read(to, amount, *this);
}

} // namespace util