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UPDATING
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Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <[email protected]>.
See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
handbook:
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
/usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 10.x IS SLOW:
FreeBSD 10.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
debugging, define MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/make.conf, or to merely
disable the most expensive debugging functionality run
"ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
20130118:
The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
and the command line contained at least two files and a target
directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
option served little practical purpose in the last decade so it's
used expected to be extremely rare.
20121223:
After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
20121222:
GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
'%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
be updated.
20121217:
By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
savecore_flags=""
20121201:
With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
depended on during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add
the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
20121117:
The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
20121105:
On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC.
20121102:
The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
functionality now turned on by default.
20121023:
The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
of the two kernel options.
20121023:
The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
20121022:
Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
recompiled.
20121018:
All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
20121016:
The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
20121015:
The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
20121014:
Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
20121013:
The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
knob has also gone.
20121006:
The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
with new kernel.
20121001:
The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
recompiled to work with the new kernel.
20120913:
The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
Add the PADLOCK_RNG option in the custom kernel config if
needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
option, so the change only affects the custom kernel
configurations.
20120908:
The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
20120828:
A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
manual page.
20120727:
The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
20120712:
The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
20120712:
The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
with other variables:
kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
20120628:
The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
installed as "bsdsort".
20120611:
A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
20120417:
The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
/etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
(specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
NAMESPACE section).
20120328:
Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
settings are unchanged.
20120306:
Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
platforms.
20120229:
Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
20120211:
The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
comes from 20111215.
20120114:
The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
20120109:
panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
tunable/sysctl.
The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
20111215:
The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
not supported anymore.
Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
need to be recompiled.
20111122:
The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
/dev/wmistat0.
20111108:
The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
time.
20111101:
The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
20110930:
sysinstall has been removed
20110923:
The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
20110913:
This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
The first time a system is booted after this change, the
vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
20110828:
Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
20110815:
During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
__FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
20110628:
The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
20110608:
The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
machdep.hlt_cpus
machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
The following sysctl is retired:
machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
a default scheduler.
20110607:
cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
a mask of CPUs.
20110531:
Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
world.
20110513:
Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
20110503:
Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
drivers need to be recompiled.
Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
branches.
20110430:
Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
20110427:
The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
a diskless root fs use the old client.
20110424:
The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
them are parts of the cam module.
ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
options ATA_CAM
device ahci
device mvs
device siis
, and instead add back:
device atadisk # ATA disk drives
device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
20110423:
The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
20110418:
The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
related components have been removed from the base system. If you
require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
20110331:
ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
in order to use ath on everything else.
TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
20110314:
As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
20110218:
GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
20110218:
IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
authentication).
The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
20110207:
Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
The function remains undocumented.
20110112:
A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
systems where the define is not present can check against
__FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
20110103:
If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
the following warning:
"Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
unknown. config(8) likely too old."
or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
install it on your system.
Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
20101228:
The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
be recompiled.
20101114:
Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
it, for example via:
ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
drivers supporting 1000baseT.
20101111:
The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
sockstat) need to be recompiled.
20101002:
The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
migrate local entries to the new format.
20100928:
The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
upstream sshd.
20100915:
A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
20100913:
The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
$ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
"ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
default is "AUTO".
The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
20100913:
DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
now i386 and amd64 only.
dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
20100725:
The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
20100722:
BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
20100713:
Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
machine powerpc powerpc
In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
after this change.
20100713:
A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
For full functionality of these commands the following port must
be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
20100429:
'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
20100402:
WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
WITH_CTF=yes").
When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
to unwanted behavior.
20100311:
The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
be modified accordingly.
20100113:
The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
use of utmpx.
After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
20100108:
Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
20091202:
The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
20091125:
8.0-RELEASE.
20091113:
The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
operation of applications on the console.
The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
cons25.
To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
performed by syscons(4).
20091109:
The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
from net80211 need to be recompiled.
Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
new structure.
20091025:
The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
iwn5150fw.
20090926:
The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
$ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
they are obsolete.
2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
"inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
$ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
$ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
using ifconfig(8) like:
ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
IPv6-preferred.
The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
(State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
20090922:
802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
previous code, which was based on D3.0.
20090912:
A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
20090910:
ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
20090825:
The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
is 1000.
20090813:
Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
20090803:
The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
20090719:
Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
__FreeBSD_version to 800105.
20090714:
Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
20090713:
The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
20090712:
Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
<netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
__FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
20090630:
The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
may need to be adjusted.
20090629:
The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
with routing sockets.
20090628:
The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
20090624:
The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
800100.
20090622:
Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
__FreeBSD_version to 800099.
20090619:
NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
authentication method is used.
20090616:
The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
spinning when both held in write and read mode.
20090613:
The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
20090611:
The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
be rebuilt.
20090608:
The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
20090602:
window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
20090601:
The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
re-compiled.
20090601:
A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
rebuilt.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
20090530:
Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
more valid.
20090530:
Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
20090529:
Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
rebuilt.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
20090528:
The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
20090527:
Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
20090523:
The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
need to be rebuilt.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
20090523:
The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
20090520:
The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
20090520:
802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
20090430:
The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
correctly checking networking state from userland.
Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
20090429:
MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
follows the IPv4 implementation.
For kernel developers:
* The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
* As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
* The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
* im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
* The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
* IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
* IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
multicast membership on-link.
* This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
* The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
stack.
Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
semantics.
* There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
For application developers:
* The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
stack.
* The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
* There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
* The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
Multicast Source Filters'.
* Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.