llvm-ptls.cpp

// This file is a part of Julia. License is MIT: https://julialang.org/license

#define DEBUG_TYPE "lower_ptls"
#undef DEBUG

// LLVM pass to lower TLS access and remove references to julia intrinsics

#include "llvm-version.h"
#include "support/dtypes.h"
#include <sstream>

#include <llvm/Pass.h>
#include <llvm/IR/Module.h>
#include <llvm/IR/Function.h>
#include <llvm/IR/Instructions.h>
#include <llvm/IR/Constants.h>
#include <llvm/IR/LLVMContext.h>
#include <llvm/IR/MDBuilder.h>

#if defined(JULIA_ENABLE_THREADING)
#  include <llvm/IR/InlineAsm.h>
#  include <llvm/Transforms/Utils/BasicBlockUtils.h>
#endif

#include "julia.h"
#include "julia_internal.h"
#include "codegen_shared.h"
#include "julia_assert.h"

using namespace llvm;

std::pair<MDNode*,MDNode*> tbaa_make_child(const char *name, MDNode *parent=nullptr,
                                           bool isConstant=false);

namespace {

struct LowerPTLS: public ModulePass {
    static char ID;
    LowerPTLS(bool imaging_mode=false)
        : ModulePass(ID),
          imaging_mode(imaging_mode)
    {}

private:
    const bool imaging_mode;
    Module *M;
    Function *ptls_getter;
    LLVMContext *ctx;
    MDNode *tbaa_const;
    PointerType *T_ptls_getter;
    PointerType *T_ppjlvalue;
    PointerType *T_pppjlvalue;
    Type *T_int8;
    Type *T_size;
    PointerType *T_pint8;
#ifdef JULIA_ENABLE_THREADING
    GlobalVariable *ptls_slot{nullptr};
    GlobalVariable *ptls_offset{nullptr};
    void set_ptls_attrs(CallInst *ptlsStates) const;
    Instruction *emit_ptls_tp(Value *offset, Instruction *insertBefore) const;
    template<typename T> T *add_comdat(T *G) const;
    GlobalVariable *create_aliased_global(Type *T, StringRef name) const;
#else
    GlobalVariable *static_tls;
#endif
    void fix_ptls_use(CallInst *ptlsStates);
    bool runOnModule(Module &M) override;
};

#ifdef JULIA_ENABLE_THREADING
void LowerPTLS::set_ptls_attrs(CallInst *ptlsStates) const
{
    ptlsStates->addAttribute(AttributeList::FunctionIndex, Attribute::ReadNone);
    ptlsStates->addAttribute(AttributeList::FunctionIndex, Attribute::NoUnwind);
}

Instruction *LowerPTLS::emit_ptls_tp(Value *offset, Instruction *insertBefore) const
{
#if defined(_CPU_X86_64_) || defined(_CPU_X86_)
    if (insertBefore->getFunction()->callsFunctionThatReturnsTwice()) {
        // Workaround LLVM bug by hiding the offset computation
        // (and therefore the optimization opportunity) from LLVM.
        // Ref https://github.com/JuliaLang/julia/issues/17288
        static const std::string const_asm_str = [&] () {
            std::stringstream stm;
#  if defined(_CPU_X86_64_)
            stm << "movq %fs:0, $0;\naddq $$" << jl_tls_offset << ", $0";
#  else
            stm << "movl %gs:0, $0;\naddl $$" << jl_tls_offset << ", $0";
#  endif
            return stm.str();
        }();
#  if defined(_CPU_X86_64_)
        const char *dyn_asm_str = "movq %fs:0, $0;\naddq $1, $0";
#  else
        const char *dyn_asm_str = "movl %gs:0, $0;\naddl $1, $0";
#  endif

        // The add instruction clobbers flags
        Value *tls;
        if (offset) {
            std::vector<Type*> args(0);
            args.push_back(offset->getType());
            auto tp = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(T_pint8, args, false),
                                     dyn_asm_str, "=&r,r,~{dirflag},~{fpsr},~{flags}", false);
            tls = CallInst::Create(tp, offset, "ptls_i8", insertBefore);
        }
        else {
            auto tp = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(T_pint8, false),
                                     const_asm_str.c_str(), "=r,~{dirflag},~{fpsr},~{flags}",
                                     false);
            tls = CallInst::Create(tp, "ptls_i8", insertBefore);
        }
        return new BitCastInst(tls, T_pppjlvalue, "ptls", insertBefore);
    }
#endif
    // AArch64/ARM doesn't seem to have this issue.
    // (Possibly because there are many more registers and the offset is
    // positive and small)
    // It's also harder to emit the offset in a generic way on ARM/AArch64
    // (need to generate one or two `add` with shift) so let llvm emit
    // the add for now.
#if defined(_CPU_AARCH64_)
    const char *asm_str = "mrs $0, tpidr_el0";
#elif defined(__ARM_ARCH) && __ARM_ARCH >= 7
    const char *asm_str = "mrc p15, 0, $0, c13, c0, 3";
#elif defined(_CPU_X86_64_)
    const char *asm_str = "movq %fs:0, $0";
#elif defined(_CPU_X86_)
    const char *asm_str = "movl %gs:0, $0";
#else
    const char *asm_str = nullptr;
    assert(0 && "Cannot emit thread pointer for this architecture.");
#endif
    if (!offset)
        offset = ConstantInt::getSigned(T_size, jl_tls_offset);
    auto tp = InlineAsm::get(FunctionType::get(T_pint8, false), asm_str, "=r", false);
    Value *tls = CallInst::Create(tp, "thread_ptr", insertBefore);
    tls = GetElementPtrInst::Create(T_int8, tls, {offset}, "ptls_i8", insertBefore);
    return new BitCastInst(tls, T_pppjlvalue, "ptls", insertBefore);
}

GlobalVariable *LowerPTLS::create_aliased_global(Type *T, StringRef name) const
{
    // Create a static global variable and points a global alias to it so that
    // the address is visible externally but LLVM can still assume that the
    // address of this variable doesn't need dynamic relocation
    // (can be accessed with a single PC-rel load).
    auto GV = new GlobalVariable(*M, T, false, GlobalVariable::InternalLinkage,
                                 Constant::getNullValue(T), name + ".real");
    add_comdat(GlobalAlias::create(T, 0, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage,
                                   name, GV, M));
    return GV;
}

template<typename T>
inline T *LowerPTLS::add_comdat(T *G) const
{
#if defined(_OS_WINDOWS_)
    // Add comdat information to make MSVC link.exe happy
    // it's valid to emit this for ld.exe too,
    // but makes it very slow to link for no benefit
#if defined(_COMPILER_MICROSOFT_)
    Comdat *jl_Comdat = G->getParent()->getOrInsertComdat(G->getName());
    // ELF only supports Comdat::Any
    jl_Comdat->setSelectionKind(Comdat::NoDuplicates);
    G->setComdat(jl_Comdat);
#endif
    // add __declspec(dllexport) to everything marked for export
    if (G->getLinkage() == GlobalValue::ExternalLinkage)
        G->setDLLStorageClass(GlobalValue::DLLExportStorageClass);
    else
        G->setDLLStorageClass(GlobalValue::DefaultStorageClass);
#endif
    return G;
}
#endif

void LowerPTLS::fix_ptls_use(CallInst *ptlsStates)
{
    if (ptlsStates->use_empty()) {
        ptlsStates->eraseFromParent();
        return;
    }

#ifdef JULIA_ENABLE_THREADING
    if (imaging_mode) {
        if (jl_tls_elf_support) {
            // if (offset != 0)
            //     ptls = tp + offset;
            // else
            //     ptls = getter();
            auto offset = new LoadInst(T_size, ptls_offset, "", false, ptlsStates);
            offset->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_tbaa, tbaa_const);
            offset->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_invariant_load, MDNode::get(*ctx, None));
            auto cmp = new ICmpInst(ptlsStates, CmpInst::ICMP_NE, offset,
                                    Constant::getNullValue(offset->getType()));
            MDBuilder MDB(*ctx);
            SmallVector<uint32_t, 2> Weights{9, 1};
            TerminatorInst *fastTerm;
            TerminatorInst *slowTerm;
            SplitBlockAndInsertIfThenElse(cmp, ptlsStates, &fastTerm, &slowTerm,
                                          MDB.createBranchWeights(Weights));

            auto fastTLS = emit_ptls_tp(offset, fastTerm);
            auto phi = PHINode::Create(T_pppjlvalue, 2, "", ptlsStates);
            ptlsStates->replaceAllUsesWith(phi);
            ptlsStates->moveBefore(slowTerm);
            auto getter = new LoadInst(T_ptls_getter, ptls_slot, "", false, ptlsStates);
            getter->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_tbaa, tbaa_const);
            getter->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_invariant_load, MDNode::get(*ctx, None));
            ptlsStates->setCalledFunction(getter);
            set_ptls_attrs(ptlsStates);

            phi->addIncoming(fastTLS, fastTLS->getParent());
            phi->addIncoming(ptlsStates, ptlsStates->getParent());

            return;
        }
        // In imaging mode, we emit the function address as a load of a static
        // variable to be filled (in `staticdata.c`) at initialization time of the sysimg.
        // This way we can by pass the extra indirection in `jl_get_ptls_states`
        // since we may not know which getter function to use ahead of time.
        auto getter = new LoadInst(T_ptls_getter, ptls_slot, "", false, ptlsStates);
        getter->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_tbaa, tbaa_const);
        getter->setMetadata(llvm::LLVMContext::MD_invariant_load, MDNode::get(*ctx, None));
        ptlsStates->setCalledFunction(getter);
        set_ptls_attrs(ptlsStates);
    }
    else if (jl_tls_offset != -1) {
        ptlsStates->replaceAllUsesWith(emit_ptls_tp(nullptr, ptlsStates));
        ptlsStates->eraseFromParent();
    }
    else {
        // use the address of the actual getter function directly
        auto val = ConstantInt::get(T_size, (uintptr_t)jl_get_ptls_states_getter());
        ptlsStates->setCalledFunction(ConstantExpr::getIntToPtr(val, T_ptls_getter));
        set_ptls_attrs(ptlsStates);
    }
#else
    ptlsStates->replaceAllUsesWith(static_tls);
    ptlsStates->eraseFromParent();
#endif
}

bool LowerPTLS::runOnModule(Module &_M)
{
    M = &_M;
    ptls_getter = M->getFunction("julia.ptls_states");
    if (!ptls_getter)
        return false;

    ctx = &M->getContext();
    tbaa_const = tbaa_make_child("jtbaa_const", nullptr, true).first;

    auto FT_ptls_getter = ptls_getter->getFunctionType();
    T_ptls_getter = FT_ptls_getter->getPointerTo();
    T_pppjlvalue = cast<PointerType>(FT_ptls_getter->getReturnType());
    T_ppjlvalue = cast<PointerType>(T_pppjlvalue->getElementType());
    T_int8 = Type::getInt8Ty(*ctx);
    T_size = sizeof(size_t) == 8 ? Type::getInt64Ty(*ctx) : Type::getInt32Ty(*ctx);
    T_pint8 = T_int8->getPointerTo();
#ifdef JULIA_ENABLE_THREADING
    if (imaging_mode) {
        ptls_slot = create_aliased_global(T_ptls_getter, "jl_get_ptls_states_slot");
        ptls_offset = create_aliased_global(T_size, "jl_tls_offset");
    }
#else
    static_tls = new GlobalVariable(*M, T_ppjlvalue, false, GlobalVariable::ExternalLinkage,
                                    NULL, "jl_tls_states");
#endif

    for (auto it = ptls_getter->user_begin(); it != ptls_getter->user_end();) {
        auto call = cast<CallInst>(*it);
        ++it;
        assert(call->getCalledValue() == ptls_getter);
        fix_ptls_use(call);
    }
    assert(ptls_getter->use_empty());
    ptls_getter->eraseFromParent();
    return true;
}

char LowerPTLS::ID = 0;

static RegisterPass<LowerPTLS> X("LowerPTLS", "LowerPTLS Pass",
                                 false /* Only looks at CFG */,
                                 false /* Analysis Pass */);

} // anonymous namespace

Pass *createLowerPTLSPass(bool imaging_mode)
{
    return new LowerPTLS(imaging_mode);
}