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is

Type check values

For example, is.string('🦄') //=> true

Highlights

Install

npm install @sindresorhus/is

Usage

import is from '@sindresorhus/is';

is('🦄');
//=> 'string'

is(new Map());
//=> 'Map'

is.number(6);
//=> true

Assertions perform the same type checks, but throw an error if the type does not match.

import {assert} from '@sindresorhus/is';

assert.string(2);
//=> Error: Expected value which is `string`, received value of type `number`.

Assertions (except assertAll and assertAny) also support an optional custom error message.

import {assert} from '@sindresorhus/is';

assert.nonEmptyString(process.env.API_URL, 'The API_URL environment variable is required.');
//=> Error: The API_URL environment variable is required.

And with TypeScript:

import {assert} from '@sindresorhus/is';

assert.string(foo);
// `foo` is now typed as a `string`.

Named exports

Named exports allow tooling to perform tree-shaking, potentially reducing bundle size by including only code from the methods that are used.

Every method listed below is available as a named export. Each method is prefixed by either is or assert depending on usage.

For example:

import {assertNull, isUndefined} from '@sindresorhus/is';

API

is(value)

Returns the type of value.

Primitives are lowercase and object types are camelcase.

Example:

  • 'undefined'
  • 'null'
  • 'string'
  • 'symbol'
  • 'Array'
  • 'Function'
  • 'Object'

This method is also exported as detect. You can import it like this:

import {detect} from '@sindresorhus/is';

Note: It will throw an error if you try to feed it object-wrapped primitives, as that's a bad practice. For example new String('foo').

is.{method}

All the below methods accept a value and return a boolean for whether the value is of the desired type.

Primitives

.undefined(value)
.null(value)
.string(value)
.number(value)

Note: is.number(NaN) returns false. This intentionally deviates from typeof behavior to increase user-friendliness of is type checks.

.boolean(value)
.symbol(value)
.bigint(value)

Built-in types

.array(value, assertion?)

Returns true if value is an array and all of its items match the assertion (if provided).

is.array(value); // Validate `value` is an array.
is.array(value, is.number); // Validate `value` is an array and all of its items are numbers.
.function(value)
.buffer(value)

Note

Prefer using Uint8Array instead of Buffer.

.blob(value)
.object(value)

Keep in mind that functions are objects too.

.numericString(value)

Returns true for a string that represents a number satisfying is.number, for example, '42' and '-8.3'.

Note: 'NaN' returns false, but 'Infinity' and '-Infinity' return true.

.regExp(value)
.date(value)
.error(value)
.nativePromise(value)
.promise(value)

Returns true for any object with a .then() and .catch() method. Prefer this one over .nativePromise() as you usually want to allow userland promise implementations too.

.generator(value)

Returns true for any object that implements its own .next() and .throw() methods and has a function definition for Symbol.iterator.

.generatorFunction(value)
.asyncFunction(value)

Returns true for any async function that can be called with the await operator.

is.asyncFunction(async () => {});
//=> true

is.asyncFunction(() => {});
//=> false
.asyncGenerator(value)
is.asyncGenerator(
	(async function * () {
		yield 4;
	})()
);
//=> true

is.asyncGenerator(
	(function * () {
		yield 4;
	})()
);
//=> false
.asyncGeneratorFunction(value)
is.asyncGeneratorFunction(async function * () {
	yield 4;
});
//=> true

is.asyncGeneratorFunction(function * () {
	yield 4;
});
//=> false
.boundFunction(value)

Returns true for any bound function.

is.boundFunction(() => {});
//=> true

is.boundFunction(function () {}.bind(null));
//=> true

is.boundFunction(function () {});
//=> false
.map(value)
.set(value)
.weakMap(value)
.weakSet(value)
.weakRef(value)

Typed arrays

.int8Array(value)
.uint8Array(value)
.uint8ClampedArray(value)
.int16Array(value)
.uint16Array(value)
.int32Array(value)
.uint32Array(value)
.float32Array(value)
.float64Array(value)
.bigInt64Array(value)
.bigUint64Array(value)

Structured data

.arrayBuffer(value)
.sharedArrayBuffer(value)
.dataView(value)
.enumCase(value, enum)

TypeScript-only. Returns true if value is a member of enum.

enum Direction {
	Ascending = 'ascending',
	Descending = 'descending'
}

is.enumCase('ascending', Direction);
//=> true

is.enumCase('other', Direction);
//=> false

Emptiness

.emptyString(value)

Returns true if the value is a string and the .length is 0.

.emptyStringOrWhitespace(value)

Returns true if is.emptyString(value) or if it's a string that is all whitespace.

.nonEmptyString(value)

Returns true if the value is a string and the .length is more than 0.

.nonEmptyStringAndNotWhitespace(value)

Returns true if the value is a string that is not empty and not whitespace.

const values = ['property1', '', null, 'property2', '    ', undefined];

values.filter(is.nonEmptyStringAndNotWhitespace);
//=> ['property1', 'property2']
.emptyArray(value)

Returns true if the value is an Array and the .length is 0.

.nonEmptyArray(value)

Returns true if the value is an Array and the .length is more than 0.

.emptyObject(value)

Returns true if the value is an Object and Object.keys(value).length is 0.

Please note that Object.keys returns only own enumerable properties. Hence something like this can happen:

const object1 = {};

Object.defineProperty(object1, 'property1', {
	value: 42,
	writable: true,
	enumerable: false,
	configurable: true
});

is.emptyObject(object1);
//=> true
.nonEmptyObject(value)

Returns true if the value is an Object and Object.keys(value).length is more than 0.

.emptySet(value)

Returns true if the value is a Set and the .size is 0.

.nonEmptySet(Value)

Returns true if the value is a Set and the .size is more than 0.

.emptyMap(value)

Returns true if the value is a Map and the .size is 0.

.nonEmptyMap(value)

Returns true if the value is a Map and the .size is more than 0.

Miscellaneous

.directInstanceOf(value, class)

Returns true if value is a direct instance of class.

is.directInstanceOf(new Error(), Error);
//=> true

class UnicornError extends Error {}

is.directInstanceOf(new UnicornError(), Error);
//=> false
.urlInstance(value)

Returns true if value is an instance of the URL class.

const url = new URL('https://example.com');

is.urlInstance(url);
//=> true
.urlString(value)

Returns true if value is a URL string.

Note: this only does basic checking using the URL class constructor.

const url = 'https://example.com';

is.urlString(url);
//=> true

is.urlString(new URL(url));
//=> false
.truthy(value)

Returns true for all values that evaluate to true in a boolean context:

is.truthy('🦄');
//=> true

is.truthy(undefined);
//=> false
.falsy(value)

Returns true if value is one of: false, 0, '', null, undefined, NaN.

.nan(value)
.nullOrUndefined(value)
.primitive(value)

JavaScript primitives are as follows:

  • null
  • undefined
  • string
  • number
  • boolean
  • symbol
  • bigint
.integer(value)
.safeInteger(value)

Returns true if value is a safe integer.

.plainObject(value)

An object is plain if it's created by either {}, new Object(), or Object.create(null).

.iterable(value)
.asyncIterable(value)
.class(value)

Returns true if the value is a class constructor.

.typedArray(value)
.arrayLike(value)

A value is array-like if it is not a function and has a value.length that is a safe integer greater than or equal to 0.

is.arrayLike(document.forms);
//=> true

function foo() {
	is.arrayLike(arguments);
	//=> true
}
foo();
.tupleLike(value, guards)

A value is tuple-like if it matches the provided guards array both in .length and in types.

is.tupleLike([1], [is.number]);
//=> true
function foo() {
	const tuple = [1, '2', true];
	if (is.tupleLike(tuple, [is.number, is.string, is.boolean])) {
		tuple // [number, string, boolean]
	}
}

foo();
.positiveNumber(value)

Check if value is a number and is more than 0.

.negativeNumber(value)

Check if value is a number and is less than 0.

.inRange(value, range)

Check if value (number) is in the given range. The range is an array of two values, lower bound and upper bound, in no specific order.

is.inRange(3, [0, 5]);
is.inRange(3, [5, 0]);
is.inRange(0, [-2, 2]);
.inRange(value, upperBound)

Check if value (number) is in the range of 0 to upperBound.

is.inRange(3, 10);
.htmlElement(value)

Returns true if value is an HTMLElement.

.nodeStream(value)

Returns true if value is a Node.js stream.

import fs from 'node:fs';

is.nodeStream(fs.createReadStream('unicorn.png'));
//=> true
.observable(value)

Returns true if value is an Observable.

import {Observable} from 'rxjs';

is.observable(new Observable());
//=> true
.infinite(value)

Check if value is Infinity or -Infinity.

.evenInteger(value)

Returns true if value is an even integer.

.oddInteger(value)

Returns true if value is an odd integer.

.propertyKey(value)

Returns true if value can be used as an object property key (either string, number, or symbol).

.formData(value)

Returns true if value is an instance of the FormData class.

const data = new FormData();

is.formData(data);
//=> true
.urlSearchParams(value)

Returns true if value is an instance of the URLSearchParams class.

const searchParams = new URLSearchParams();

is.urlSearchParams(searchParams);
//=> true
.any(predicate | predicate[], ...values)

Using a single predicate argument, returns true if any of the input values returns true in the predicate:

is.any(is.string, {}, true, '🦄');
//=> true

is.any(is.boolean, 'unicorns', [], new Map());
//=> false

Using an array of predicate[], returns true if any of the input values returns true for any of the predicates provided in an array:

is.any([is.string, is.number], {}, true, '🦄');
//=> true

is.any([is.boolean, is.number], 'unicorns', [], new Map());
//=> false
.all(predicate, ...values)

Returns true if all of the input values returns true in the predicate:

is.all(is.object, {}, new Map(), new Set());
//=> true

is.all(is.string, '🦄', [], 'unicorns');
//=> false
.validDate(value)

Returns true if the value is a valid date.

All Date objects have an internal timestamp value which is the number of milliseconds since the Unix epoch. When a new Date is constructed with bad inputs, no error is thrown. Instead, a new Date object is returned. But the internal timestamp value is set to NaN, which is an 'Invalid Date'. Bad inputs can be an non-parsable date string, a non-numeric value or a number that is outside of the expected range for a date value.

const valid = new Date('2000-01-01');

is.date(valid);
//=> true
valid.getTime();
//=> 946684800000
valid.toUTCString();
//=> 'Sat, 01 Jan 2000 00:00:00 GMT'
is.validDate(valid);
//=> true

const invalid = new Date('Not a parsable date string');

is.date(invalid);
//=> true
invalid.getTime();
//=> NaN
invalid.toUTCString();
//=> 'Invalid Date'
is.validDate(invalid);
//=> false
.validLength(value)

Returns true if the value is a safe integer that is greater than or equal to zero.

This can be useful to confirm that a value is a valid count of something, ie. 0 or more.

.whitespaceString(value)

Returns true if the value is a string with only whitespace characters.

Type guards

When using is together with TypeScript, type guards are being used extensively to infer the correct type inside if-else statements.

import is from '@sindresorhus/is';

const padLeft = (value: string, padding: string | number) => {
	if (is.number(padding)) {
		// `padding` is typed as `number`
		return Array(padding + 1).join(' ') + value;
	}

	if (is.string(padding)) {
		// `padding` is typed as `string`
		return padding + value;
	}

	throw new TypeError(`Expected 'padding' to be of type 'string' or 'number', got '${is(padding)}'.`);
}

padLeft('🦄', 3);
//=> '   🦄'

padLeft('🦄', '🌈');
//=> '🌈🦄'

Type assertions

The type guards are also available as type assertions, which throw an error for unexpected types. It is a convenient one-line version of the often repetitive "if-not-expected-type-throw" pattern.

import {assert} from '@sindresorhus/is';

const handleMovieRatingApiResponse = (response: unknown) => {
	assert.plainObject(response);
	// `response` is now typed as a plain `object` with `unknown` properties.

	assert.number(response.rating);
	// `response.rating` is now typed as a `number`.

	assert.string(response.title);
	// `response.title` is now typed as a `string`.

	return `${response.title} (${response.rating * 10})`;
};

handleMovieRatingApiResponse({rating: 0.87, title: 'The Matrix'});
//=> 'The Matrix (8.7)'

// This throws an error.
handleMovieRatingApiResponse({rating: '🦄'});

Generic type parameters

The type guards and type assertions are aware of generic type parameters, such as Promise<T> and Map<Key, Value>. The default is unknown for most cases, since is cannot check them at runtime. If the generic type is known at compile-time, either implicitly (inferred) or explicitly (provided), is propagates the type so it can be used later.

Use generic type parameters with caution. They are only checked by the TypeScript compiler, and not checked by is at runtime. This can lead to unexpected behavior, where the generic type is assumed at compile-time, but actually is something completely different at runtime. It is best to use unknown (default) and type-check the value of the generic type parameter at runtime with is or assert.

import {assert} from '@sindresorhus/is';

async function badNumberAssumption(input: unknown) {
	// Bad assumption about the generic type parameter fools the compile-time type system.
	assert.promise<number>(input);
	// `input` is a `Promise` but only assumed to be `Promise<number>`.

	const resolved = await input;
	// `resolved` is typed as `number` but was not actually checked at runtime.

	// Multiplication will return NaN if the input promise did not actually contain a number.
	return 2 * resolved;
}

async function goodNumberAssertion(input: unknown) {
	assert.promise(input);
	// `input` is typed as `Promise<unknown>`

	const resolved = await input;
	// `resolved` is typed as `unknown`

	assert.number(resolved);
	// `resolved` is typed as `number`

	// Uses runtime checks so only numbers will reach the multiplication.
	return 2 * resolved;
}

badNumberAssumption(Promise.resolve('An unexpected string'));
//=> NaN

// This correctly throws an error because of the unexpected string value.
goodNumberAssertion(Promise.resolve('An unexpected string'));

FAQ

Why yet another type checking module?

There are hundreds of type checking modules on npm, unfortunately, I couldn't find any that fit my needs:

  • Includes both type methods and ability to get the type
  • Types of primitives returned as lowercase and object types as camelcase
  • Covers all built-ins
  • Unsurprising behavior
  • Well-maintained
  • Comprehensive test suite

For the ones I found, pick 3 of these.

The most common mistakes I noticed in these modules was using instanceof for type checking, forgetting that functions are objects, and omitting symbol as a primitive.

Why not just use instanceof instead of this package?

instanceof does not work correctly for all types and it does not work across realms. Examples of realms are iframes, windows, web workers, and the vm module in Node.js.

Related

Maintainers