Hamcrest is a matching library originally written for Java, but subsequently ported to many other languages. hamcrest-php is the official PHP port of Hamcrest and essentially follows a literal translation of the original Java API for Hamcrest, with a few Exceptions, mostly down to PHP language barriers:
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instanceOf($theClass)
is actuallyanInstanceOf($theClass)
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both(containsString('a'))->and(containsString('b'))
is actuallyboth(containsString('a'))->andAlso(containsString('b'))
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either(containsString('a'))->or(containsString('b'))
is actuallyeither(containsString('a'))->orElse(containsString('b'))
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Unless it would be non-semantic for a matcher to do so, hamcrest-php allows dynamic typing for it's input, in "the PHP way". Exception are where semantics surrounding the type itself would suggest otherwise, such as stringContains() and greaterThan().
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Several official matchers have not been ported because they don't make sense or don't apply in PHP:
typeCompatibleWith($theClass)
eventFrom($source)
hasProperty($name)
**samePropertyValuesAs($obj)
**
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When most of the collections matchers are finally ported, PHP-specific aliases will probably be created due to a difference in naming conventions between Java's Arrays, Collections, Sets and Maps compared with PHP's Arrays.
Hamcrest matchers are easy to use as:
Hamcrest_MatcherAssert::assertThat('a', Hamcrest_Matchers::equalToIgnoringCase('A'));
** [Unless we consider POPO's (Plain Old PHP Objects) akin to JavaBeans] - The POPO thing is a joke. Java devs coin the term POJO's (Plain Old Java Objects).