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bwamem_pair.c
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bwamem_pair.c
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#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "kstring.h"
#include "bwamem.h"
#include "kvec.h"
#include "utils.h"
#include "ksw.h"
#ifdef USE_MALLOC_WRAPPERS
# include "malloc_wrap.h"
#endif
#define MIN_RATIO 0.8
#define MIN_DIR_CNT 10
#define MIN_DIR_RATIO 0.05
#define OUTLIER_BOUND 2.0
#define MAPPING_BOUND 3.0
#define MAX_STDDEV 4.0
static inline int mem_infer_dir(int64_t l_pac, int64_t b1, int64_t b2, int64_t *dist)
{
int64_t p2;
int r1 = (b1 >= l_pac), r2 = (b2 >= l_pac);
p2 = r1 == r2? b2 : (l_pac<<1) - 1 - b2; // p2 is the coordinate of read 2 on the read 1 strand
*dist = p2 > b1? p2 - b1 : b1 - p2;
return (r1 == r2? 0 : 1) ^ (p2 > b1? 0 : 3);
}
static int cal_sub(const mem_opt_t *opt, mem_alnreg_v *r)
{
int j;
for (j = 1; j < r->n; ++j) { // choose unique alignment
int b_max = r->a[j].qb > r->a[0].qb? r->a[j].qb : r->a[0].qb;
int e_min = r->a[j].qe < r->a[0].qe? r->a[j].qe : r->a[0].qe;
if (e_min > b_max) { // have overlap
int min_l = r->a[j].qe - r->a[j].qb < r->a[0].qe - r->a[0].qb? r->a[j].qe - r->a[j].qb : r->a[0].qe - r->a[0].qb;
if (e_min - b_max >= min_l * opt->mask_level) break; // significant overlap
}
}
return j < r->n? r->a[j].score : opt->min_seed_len * opt->a;
}
void mem_pestat(const mem_opt_t *opt, int64_t l_pac, int n, const mem_alnreg_v *regs, mem_pestat_t pes[4])
{
int i, d, max;
uint64_v isize[4];
memset(pes, 0, 4 * sizeof(mem_pestat_t));
memset(isize, 0, sizeof(kvec_t(int)) * 4);
for (i = 0; i < n>>1; ++i) {
int dir;
int64_t is;
mem_alnreg_v *r[2];
r[0] = (mem_alnreg_v*)®s[i<<1|0];
r[1] = (mem_alnreg_v*)®s[i<<1|1];
if (r[0]->n == 0 || r[1]->n == 0) continue;
if (cal_sub(opt, r[0]) > MIN_RATIO * r[0]->a[0].score) continue;
if (cal_sub(opt, r[1]) > MIN_RATIO * r[1]->a[0].score) continue;
dir = mem_infer_dir(l_pac, r[0]->a[0].rb, r[1]->a[0].rb, &is);
if (is && is <= opt->max_ins) kv_push(uint64_t, isize[dir], is);
}
if (bwa_verbose >= 3) fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] # candidate unique pairs for (FF, FR, RF, RR): (%ld, %ld, %ld, %ld)\n", __func__, isize[0].n, isize[1].n, isize[2].n, isize[3].n);
for (d = 0; d < 4; ++d) { // TODO: this block is nearly identical to the one in bwtsw2_pair.c. It would be better to merge these two.
mem_pestat_t *r = &pes[d];
uint64_v *q = &isize[d];
int p25, p50, p75, x;
if (q->n < MIN_DIR_CNT) {
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] skip orientation %c%c as there are not enough pairs\n", __func__, "FR"[d>>1&1], "FR"[d&1]);
r->failed = 1;
continue;
} else fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] analyzing insert size distribution for orientation %c%c...\n", __func__, "FR"[d>>1&1], "FR"[d&1]);
ks_introsort_64(q->n, q->a);
p25 = q->a[(int)(.25 * q->n + .499)];
p50 = q->a[(int)(.50 * q->n + .499)];
p75 = q->a[(int)(.75 * q->n + .499)];
r->low = (int)(p25 - OUTLIER_BOUND * (p75 - p25) + .499);
if (r->low < 1) r->low = 1;
r->high = (int)(p75 + OUTLIER_BOUND * (p75 - p25) + .499);
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] (25, 50, 75) percentile: (%d, %d, %d)\n", __func__, p25, p50, p75);
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] low and high boundaries for computing mean and std.dev: (%d, %d)\n", __func__, r->low, r->high);
for (i = x = 0, r->avg = 0; i < q->n; ++i)
if (q->a[i] >= r->low && q->a[i] <= r->high)
r->avg += q->a[i], ++x;
r->avg /= x;
for (i = 0, r->std = 0; i < q->n; ++i)
if (q->a[i] >= r->low && q->a[i] <= r->high)
r->std += (q->a[i] - r->avg) * (q->a[i] - r->avg);
r->std = sqrt(r->std / x);
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] mean and std.dev: (%.2f, %.2f)\n", __func__, r->avg, r->std);
r->low = (int)(p25 - MAPPING_BOUND * (p75 - p25) + .499);
r->high = (int)(p75 + MAPPING_BOUND * (p75 - p25) + .499);
if (r->low > r->avg - MAX_STDDEV * r->std) r->low = (int)(r->avg - MAX_STDDEV * r->std + .499);
if (r->high < r->avg - MAX_STDDEV * r->std) r->high = (int)(r->avg + MAX_STDDEV * r->std + .499);
if (r->low < 1) r->low = 1;
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] low and high boundaries for proper pairs: (%d, %d)\n", __func__, r->low, r->high);
free(q->a);
}
for (d = 0, max = 0; d < 4; ++d)
max = max > isize[d].n? max : isize[d].n;
for (d = 0; d < 4; ++d)
if (pes[d].failed == 0 && isize[d].n < max * MIN_DIR_RATIO) {
pes[d].failed = 1;
fprintf(stderr, "[M::%s] skip orientation %c%c\n", __func__, "FR"[d>>1&1], "FR"[d&1]);
}
}
int mem_matesw(const mem_opt_t *opt, int64_t l_pac, const uint8_t *pac, const mem_pestat_t pes[4], const mem_alnreg_t *a, int l_ms, const uint8_t *ms, mem_alnreg_v *ma)
{
extern int mem_sort_and_dedup(int n, mem_alnreg_t *a, float mask_level_redun);
int i, r, skip[4], n = 0;
for (r = 0; r < 4; ++r)
skip[r] = pes[r].failed? 1 : 0;
for (i = 0; i < ma->n; ++i) { // check which orinentation has been found
int64_t dist;
r = mem_infer_dir(l_pac, a->rb, ma->a[i].rb, &dist);
if (dist >= pes[r].low && dist <= pes[r].high)
skip[r] = 1;
}
if (skip[0] + skip[1] + skip[2] + skip[3] == 4) return 0; // consistent pair exist; no need to perform SW
for (r = 0; r < 4; ++r) {
int is_rev, is_larger;
uint8_t *seq, *rev = 0, *ref;
int64_t rb, re, len;
if (skip[r]) continue;
is_rev = (r>>1 != (r&1)); // whether to reverse complement the mate
is_larger = !(r>>1); // whether the mate has larger coordinate
if (is_rev) {
rev = malloc(l_ms); // this is the reverse complement of $ms
for (i = 0; i < l_ms; ++i) rev[l_ms - 1 - i] = ms[i] < 4? 3 - ms[i] : 4;
seq = rev;
} else seq = (uint8_t*)ms;
if (!is_rev) {
rb = is_larger? a->rb + pes[r].low : a->rb - pes[r].high;
re = (is_larger? a->rb + pes[r].high: a->rb - pes[r].low) + l_ms; // if on the same strand, end position should be larger to make room for the seq length
} else {
rb = (is_larger? a->rb + pes[r].low : a->rb - pes[r].high) - l_ms; // similarly on opposite strands
re = is_larger? a->rb + pes[r].high: a->rb - pes[r].low;
}
if (rb < 0) rb = 0;
if (re > l_pac<<1) re = l_pac<<1;
ref = bns_get_seq(l_pac, pac, rb, re, &len);
if (len == re - rb) { // no funny things happening
kswr_t aln;
mem_alnreg_t b;
int tmp, xtra = KSW_XSUBO | KSW_XSTART | (l_ms * opt->a < 250? KSW_XBYTE : 0) | opt->min_seed_len;
aln = ksw_align(l_ms, seq, len, ref, 5, opt->mat, opt->q, opt->r, xtra, 0);
memset(&b, 0, sizeof(mem_alnreg_t));
if (aln.score >= opt->min_seed_len && aln.qb >= 0) { // something goes wrong if aln.qb < 0
b.qb = is_rev? l_ms - (aln.qe + 1) : aln.qb;
b.qe = is_rev? l_ms - aln.qb : aln.qe + 1;
b.rb = is_rev? (l_pac<<1) - (rb + aln.te + 1) : rb + aln.tb;
b.re = is_rev? (l_pac<<1) - (rb + aln.tb) : rb + aln.te + 1;
b.score = aln.score;
b.csub = aln.score2;
b.secondary = -1;
b.seedcov = (b.re - b.rb < b.qe - b.qb? b.re - b.rb : b.qe - b.qb) >> 1;
// printf("*** %d, [%lld,%lld], %d:%d, (%lld,%lld), (%lld,%lld) == (%lld,%lld)\n", aln.score, rb, re, is_rev, is_larger, a->rb, a->re, ma->a[0].rb, ma->a[0].re, b.rb, b.re);
kv_push(mem_alnreg_t, *ma, b); // make room for a new element
// move b s.t. ma is sorted
for (i = 0; i < ma->n - 1; ++i) // find the insertion point
if (ma->a[i].score < b.score) break;
tmp = i;
for (i = ma->n - 1; i > tmp; --i) ma->a[i] = ma->a[i-1];
ma->a[i] = b;
}
++n;
}
if (n) ma->n = mem_sort_and_dedup(ma->n, ma->a, opt->mask_level_redun);
if (rev) free(rev);
free(ref);
}
return n;
}
int mem_pair(const mem_opt_t *opt, int64_t l_pac, const uint8_t *pac, const mem_pestat_t pes[4], bseq1_t s[2], mem_alnreg_v a[2], int id, int *sub, int *n_sub, int z[2])
{
pair64_v v, u;
int r, i, k, y[4], ret; // y[] keeps the last hit
kv_init(v); kv_init(u);
for (r = 0; r < 2; ++r) { // loop through read number
for (i = 0; i < a[r].n; ++i) {
pair64_t key;
mem_alnreg_t *e = &a[r].a[i];
key.x = e->rb < l_pac? e->rb : (l_pac<<1) - 1 - e->rb; // forward position
key.y = (uint64_t)e->score << 32 | i << 2 | (e->rb >= l_pac)<<1 | r;
kv_push(pair64_t, v, key);
}
}
ks_introsort_128(v.n, v.a);
y[0] = y[1] = y[2] = y[3] = -1;
//for (i = 0; i < v.n; ++i) printf("[%d]\t%d\t%c%ld\n", i, (int)(v.a[i].y&1)+1, "+-"[v.a[i].y>>1&1], (long)v.a[i].x);
for (i = 0; i < v.n; ++i) {
for (r = 0; r < 2; ++r) { // loop through direction
int dir = r<<1 | (v.a[i].y>>1&1), which;
if (pes[dir].failed) continue; // invalid orientation
which = r<<1 | ((v.a[i].y&1)^1);
if (y[which] < 0) continue; // no previous hits
for (k = y[which]; k >= 0; --k) { // TODO: this is a O(n^2) solution in the worst case; remember to check if this loop takes a lot of time (I doubt)
int64_t dist;
int q;
double ns;
pair64_t *p;
if ((v.a[k].y&3) != which) continue;
dist = (int64_t)v.a[i].x - v.a[k].x;
//printf("%d: %lld\n", k, dist);
if (dist > pes[dir].high) break;
if (dist < pes[dir].low) continue;
ns = (dist - pes[dir].avg) / pes[dir].std;
q = (int)((v.a[i].y>>32) + (v.a[k].y>>32) + .721 * log(2. * erfc(fabs(ns) * M_SQRT1_2)) * opt->a + .499); // .721 = 1/log(4)
if (q < 0) q = 0;
p = kv_pushp(pair64_t, u);
p->y = (uint64_t)k<<32 | i;
p->x = (uint64_t)q<<32 | (hash_64(p->y ^ id<<8) & 0xffffffffU);
//printf("[%lld,%lld]\t%d\tdist=%ld\n", v.a[k].x, v.a[i].x, q, (long)dist);
}
}
y[v.a[i].y&3] = i;
}
if (u.n) { // found at least one proper pair
int tmp = opt->a + opt->b > opt->q + opt->r? opt->a + opt->b : opt->q + opt->r;
ks_introsort_128(u.n, u.a);
i = u.a[u.n-1].y >> 32; k = u.a[u.n-1].y << 32 >> 32;
z[v.a[i].y&1] = v.a[i].y<<32>>34; // index of the best pair
z[v.a[k].y&1] = v.a[k].y<<32>>34;
ret = u.a[u.n-1].x >> 32;
*sub = u.n > 1? u.a[u.n-2].x>>32 : 0;
for (i = (long)u.n - 2, *n_sub = 0; i >= 0; --i)
if (*sub - (int)(u.a[i].x>>32) <= tmp) ++*n_sub;
} else ret = 0, *sub = 0, *n_sub = 0;
free(u.a); free(v.a);
return ret;
}
int mem_sam_pe(const mem_opt_t *opt, const bntseq_t *bns, const uint8_t *pac, const mem_pestat_t pes[4], uint64_t id, bseq1_t s[2], mem_alnreg_v a[2])
{
extern void mem_mark_primary_se(const mem_opt_t *opt, int n, mem_alnreg_t *a, int64_t id);
extern int mem_approx_mapq_se(const mem_opt_t *opt, const mem_alnreg_t *a);
extern void mem_reg2sam_se(const mem_opt_t *opt, const bntseq_t *bns, const uint8_t *pac, bseq1_t *s, mem_alnreg_v *a, int extra_flag, const mem_aln_t *m);
extern void mem_aln2sam(const bntseq_t *bns, kstring_t *str, bseq1_t *s, int n, const mem_aln_t *list, int which, const mem_aln_t *m);
int n = 0, i, j, z[2], o, subo, n_sub, extra_flag = 1;
kstring_t str;
mem_aln_t h[2];
str.l = str.m = 0; str.s = 0;
if (!(opt->flag & MEM_F_NO_RESCUE)) { // then perform SW for the best alignment
mem_alnreg_v b[2];
kv_init(b[0]); kv_init(b[1]);
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < a[i].n; ++j)
if (a[i].a[j].score >= a[i].a[0].score - opt->pen_unpaired)
kv_push(mem_alnreg_t, b[i], a[i].a[j]);
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i)
for (j = 0; j < b[i].n && j < opt->max_matesw; ++j)
n += mem_matesw(opt, bns->l_pac, pac, pes, &b[i].a[j], s[!i].l_seq, (uint8_t*)s[!i].seq, &a[!i]);
free(b[0].a); free(b[1].a);
}
mem_mark_primary_se(opt, a[0].n, a[0].a, id<<1|0);
mem_mark_primary_se(opt, a[1].n, a[1].a, id<<1|1);
if (opt->flag&MEM_F_NOPAIRING) goto no_pairing;
// pairing single-end hits
if (a[0].n && a[1].n && (o = mem_pair(opt, bns->l_pac, pac, pes, s, a, id, &subo, &n_sub, z)) > 0) {
int is_multi[2], q_pe, score_un, q_se[2];
// check if an end has multiple hits even after mate-SW
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
for (j = 1; j < a[i].n; ++j)
if (a[i].a[j].secondary < 0 && a[i].a[j].score >= opt->T) break;
is_multi[i] = j < a[i].n? 1 : 0;
}
if (is_multi[0] || is_multi[1]) goto no_pairing; // TODO: in rare cases, the true hit may be long but with low score
// compute mapQ for the best SE hit
score_un = a[0].a[0].score + a[1].a[0].score - opt->pen_unpaired;
//q_pe = o && subo < o? (int)(MEM_MAPQ_COEF * (1. - (double)subo / o) * log(a[0].a[z[0]].seedcov + a[1].a[z[1]].seedcov) + .499) : 0;
subo = subo > score_un? subo : score_un;
q_pe = (o - subo) * 6;
if (n_sub > 0) q_pe -= (int)(4.343 * log(n_sub+1) + .499);
if (q_pe < 0) q_pe = 0;
if (q_pe > 60) q_pe = 60;
// the following assumes no split hits
if (o > score_un) { // paired alignment is preferred
mem_alnreg_t *c[2];
c[0] = &a[0].a[z[0]]; c[1] = &a[1].a[z[1]];
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
if (c[i]->secondary >= 0)
c[i]->sub = a[i].a[c[i]->secondary].score, c[i]->secondary = -2;
q_se[i] = mem_approx_mapq_se(opt, c[i]);
}
q_se[0] = q_se[0] > q_pe? q_se[0] : q_pe < q_se[0] + 40? q_pe : q_se[0] + 40;
q_se[1] = q_se[1] > q_pe? q_se[1] : q_pe < q_se[1] + 40? q_pe : q_se[1] + 40;
extra_flag |= 2;
// cap at the tandem repeat score
q_se[0] = q_se[0] < (c[0]->score - c[0]->csub) * 6? q_se[0] : (c[0]->score - c[0]->csub) * 6;
q_se[1] = q_se[1] < (c[1]->score - c[1]->csub) * 6? q_se[1] : (c[1]->score - c[1]->csub) * 6;
} else { // the unpaired alignment is preferred
z[0] = z[1] = 0;
q_se[0] = mem_approx_mapq_se(opt, &a[0].a[0]);
q_se[1] = mem_approx_mapq_se(opt, &a[1].a[0]);
}
// write SAM
h[0] = mem_reg2aln(opt, bns, pac, s[0].l_seq, s[0].seq, &a[0].a[z[0]]); h[0].mapq = q_se[0]; h[0].flag |= 0x40 | extra_flag;
h[1] = mem_reg2aln(opt, bns, pac, s[1].l_seq, s[1].seq, &a[1].a[z[1]]); h[1].mapq = q_se[1]; h[1].flag |= 0x80 | extra_flag;
mem_aln2sam(bns, &str, &s[0], 1, &h[0], 0, &h[1]); s[0].sam = strdup(str.s); str.l = 0;
mem_aln2sam(bns, &str, &s[1], 1, &h[1], 0, &h[0]); s[1].sam = str.s;
if (strcmp(s[0].name, s[1].name) != 0) err_fatal(__func__, "paired reads have different names: \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", s[0].name, s[1].name);
free(h[0].cigar); free(h[1].cigar);
} else goto no_pairing;
return n;
no_pairing:
for (i = 0; i < 2; ++i) {
if (a[i].n && a[i].a[0].score >= opt->T)
h[i] = mem_reg2aln(opt, bns, pac, s[i].l_seq, s[i].seq, &a[i].a[0]);
else h[i] = mem_reg2aln(opt, bns, pac, s[i].l_seq, s[i].seq, 0);
}
if (!(opt->flag & MEM_F_NOPAIRING) && h[0].rid == h[1].rid && h[0].rid >= 0) { // if the top hits from the two ends constitute a proper pair, flag it.
int64_t dist;
int d;
d = mem_infer_dir(bns->l_pac, a[0].a[0].rb, a[1].a[0].rb, &dist);
if (!pes[d].failed && dist >= pes[d].low && dist <= pes[d].high) extra_flag |= 2;
}
mem_reg2sam_se(opt, bns, pac, &s[0], &a[0], 0x41|extra_flag, &h[1]);
mem_reg2sam_se(opt, bns, pac, &s[1], &a[1], 0x81|extra_flag, &h[0]);
if (strcmp(s[0].name, s[1].name) != 0) err_fatal(__func__, "paired reads have different names: \"%s\", \"%s\"\n", s[0].name, s[1].name);
free(h[0].cigar); free(h[1].cigar);
return n;
}