From 2ec49ed727b9c09c214c215a9fabeb6dcba745ac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Zach Gangwer Date: Wed, 23 Mar 2022 13:29:34 -0700 Subject: [PATCH 1/3] Started refreshing the Windows Install article --- content/windows.md | 395 +++++++++++++++------------------------------ 1 file changed, 131 insertions(+), 264 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/windows.md b/content/windows.md index 8778d545e1..46f6ff8c75 100644 --- a/content/windows.md +++ b/content/windows.md @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ --- title: Windows (Install) description: > - Instructions for installing Windows on System76 hardware or within a virtual machine, and for locating Windows drivers. + Instructions for installing Windows on System76 hardware and for locating Windows drivers. keywords: - Windows - Windows 10 @@ -34,13 +34,21 @@ System76 is not a licensed reseller or installer of the Windows operating system System76 encourages users to take ownership of their machines and install whatever software or operating systems they prefer. However, System76 does not guarantee the success or quality of experience when installing Windows. +### Scope of Support + +The contents of this support article are the **total extent of support and troubleshooting that System76 can provide for Windows.** Any troubleshooting or Windows support questions not covered in this article are outside the scope of System76 and should be referred to Microsoft. + ## Windows 11 ->**Windows 11 Compatibility:** Windows 11 is not supported on all systems. If your computer does not meet [Windows 11 requirements](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/windows-11-system-requirements-86c11283-ea52-4782-9efd-7674389a7ba3), try Windows 10. Windows 10 is still supported by Microsoft until [October of 2025](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-home-and-pro). +>**Compatibility:** Windows 11 is not supported on all systems. If your computer does not meet [Windows 11 requirements](https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/windows-11-system-requirements-86c11283-ea52-4782-9efd-7674389a7ba3), try Windows 10. Windows 10 is still supported by Microsoft until [October of 2025](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/products/windows-10-home-and-pro). + +
+ ### Compatibility Table ---- + + | Laptop Model | Windows 10 Support | Windows 11 Support | | ------------ | ------------------ | ------------------ | | addw1 | Yes | Yes | @@ -72,172 +80,28 @@ System76 encourages users to take ownership of their machines and install whatev > **NOTE:** For desktop computers you will want to confirm you have an 8th Gen Intel Core Processor or 2000 Ryzen AMD Processor, and that you have TPM enabled in the UEFI settings. -### Scope of Support - -The contents of this support article are the **total extent of support and troubleshooting that System76 can provide for Windows.** Any troubleshooting or Windows support questions not covered in this article are outside the scope of System76 and should be referred to Microsoft. +
--- -### Planning the Installation - -There are several ways to dual boot Pop!_OS and Windows. Make sure to follow the instructions for your specific situation: - -- [Installing in a Virtual Machine](#install-windows-in-a-virtual-machine) -- [Installing on a Dedicated Drive (Recommended)](#installing-on-a-dedicated-drive) -- [Installing on a Shared Drive - Starting with Pop!_OS](#installing-on-a-shared-drive-starting-with-pop_os) - -## Install Windows in a Virtual Machine - -> **Understand Virtual Machines:** -> ->Virtual machines are a method of running multiple OSes on your computer simultaneously. It's conceptually a second computer that you control through a special application called a Hypervisor. You can install an additional operating system on this virtual computer, which you can then boot and run as if it were another system. - -Setting up a Windows virtual machine (VM) allows running Windows on a virtual drive within the OS. The virtual machine can be started, stopped, and suspended without requiring the computer to be restarted, and you can run Windows and Pop!_OS applications simultaneously. - -Virtual machines impose a slight performance penalty in their operation, depending on the exact application. Many applications will run near full-speed, but applications that depend on heavy computations or access to the GPU (like games and video editing software) will likely be faster with a dual boot. - -### Enable AMD-V - -On some models, for example, Thelio (thelio-r1) and Thelio Major (thelio-major-r1), you will need to enable AMD-V in the BIOS by rebooting and holding the Del key. Then enable SVM mode with the following path: - -M.I.T tab -> Advanced Frequency Settings -> Advanced CPU Core Settings -> SVM mode -> Enabled. - -![AMD BIOS Settings](/images/windows/AMD-BIOS.png) - - - -### Install VirtualBox - -To act as your hypervisor, we recommend installing `VirtualBox`, since it's free and easy to use. `VirtualBox` is available from Oracle's website [here](https://www.virtualbox.org) or in the `Pop!_Shop`. - -Open the `Pop!_Shop`, then enter "virtualbox" in the search field. Click on the `VirtualBox` result with the blue icon. You should see the window below: - -![VirtualBox Listing in Popshop](/images/windows/virtualbox-popshop.png) - -Click the `Install` button, then wait for the download and install process to complete. - -### Create Virtual Machine - -Once you have `VirtualBox` installed, we'll need to create the virtual computer upon which we'll install Windows later. Press the `SUPER` Key on your keyboard and then enter "virtualbox" in the search field. - -![Opening VirtualBox through the Dash](/images/windows/step3.png) - - - -![VirtualBox Main Window](/images/windows/step4.png) - -Click on the `New` button in the toolbar, then give your machine a name. If it isn't already filled out, set the machine "Type" to `Microsoft Windows` and the "Version" to `Windows 10 64-bit`, and click `Next`. - -![Setting up the Virtual Machine](/images/windows/step5.png) - -Increase the virtual machine memory size to half of the total RAM available. For the Hard Drive, you'll want to choose to `Create a virtual hard drive now`. - -![Creating a virtual hard drive](/images/windows/step6.png) - -For the options in creating the virtual hard drive, create a `VHD (Virtual Hard Disk)`, `Fixed size`, 16 GB or larger. - -### Install Windows - -Once you've created the new VM, you should see it listed in the `VirtualBox` window: - -![VM listed in the VirtualBox Window](/images/windows/step7.png) - -The next step is to boot the virtual machine and install an OS on it. Click on the VM in the list so that it is highlighted orange, then click the `Start` button. This is equivalent to pressing the power button on the virtual computer. - -`VirtualBox` will now ask you to select a start-up disk. Click the small folder icon next to the dropdown, then point `VirtualBox` at your ISO file and open it. `VirtualBox` will then boot the file. - -![Start-up disk selection](/images/windows/step8.png) - -![Windows booting up](/images/windows/step9.png) - -After Windows finishes booting from the ISO, you should see the Windows Setup window. Select your desired options for "Language to install," "Time and currency format," and "Keyboard or input method," then click `Next`. - -![Windows Setup window](/images/windows/step10.png) - -On the next screen, click `Install Now` to start the installation. - -![Click Install Now to start the installation](/images/windows/step11.png) +## Set Up -You'll next need to enter your product key for your copy of Windows. Be sure to enter this exactly as it's listed on the sticker or in your email. Windows 10 can be run without a product key temporarily without issues. If you don't have a product key, select `I don't have a key` or `Skip`. Otherwise, click `Next`. +To install Windows on your System 76 computer, we will need to create a Windows USB installer. Creating a Windows installer on Linux is similar to how you create Linux USB installers. However, the Windows installer has unique set up requirements, so not all USB creation tools will work. -![Enter your Product Key](/images/windows/step12.png) +### Create a Windows USB Installer -Review the terms of the EULA. You are required to accept the terms of the EULA before completing the installation. Checking the box and clicking `Next` assumes you do accept the terms and agree to be bound by them. Do not continue with the installation if you don't agree to the terms in the EULA. +1. Download the latest Windows .iso file from [Microsoft's website](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10ISO). +2. Connect a USB flash drive (8GB or larger) to your computer. All data on the USB will be deleted during this process. +3. Install [WoeUSB-ng](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng) -![Accept the EULA](/images/windows/step13.png) - -Make sure you select `Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)`, as this is a new installation of Windows. - -![Select the Custom: Install Windows only option](/images/windows/step14.png) - -Select the `Drive 0 Unallocated Space` area, then click `Next`. - -![Selecting Partition 2 for installation](/images/windows/step15.png) - -Windows will next begin copying over the installation files onto the virtual hard disk. This step may take a while, so feel free to work in the background while it's running. The virtual machine will automatically reboot when it's time to continue. - -![Installing Windows](/images/windows/step16.png) - -When the VM reboots, you may be prompted to "Press any key to boot from CD or DVD..." (pictured below). **Do not press any keys here, or the installation will start over.** - -![Do not press any key. Seriously.](/images/windows/step17.png) - -Windows will now finish installing files and get the system ready to be set up. The virtual machine may reboot again. **Remember** do not press any keys to boot from the CD or DVD. - -![Getting ready](/images/windows/step18.png) - -After the process is finalized, you can begin the setup process. - -### Set Up Windows - -Setup will begin with the following screen: - -![Get Going Fast](/images/windows/step19.png) - -You may select either "Use express settings," or you can customize the settings to suit your preferences. Next, Windows will download updates to ensure you're on the latest version of the OS. This step may take a while, depending on your Internet connection. When it's finished, Windows will ask you who owns this PC. Select `I own it`, unless you're setting the VM up for someone else. Click `Next`. - -![Who owns this PC?](/images/windows/step20.png) - -Next, you'll be prompted to sign in with your Microsoft account. This step is recommended as it can allow for resetting your password remotely if you forget it. It can also sync your settings, apps, and files to other Window's PCs. If you don't have a Microsoft account, you can create one with the supplied link. - -If you prefer to use a local account, you can skip this step. - -![Sign into your Microsoft Account](/images/windows/step21.png) - -Windows 10 allows you to set a PIN for logging in instead of a password. If you'd like to set a PIN, you can do so now, or skip this step. After completing the rest of your setup to your preferences, your desktop will load, and you'll be able to log in using the PIN or password. You'll then be presented with the desktop. - -![Windows 10 Desktop](/images/windows/step22.png) - -## Use the Windows Virtual Machine - -The virtual machine will be presented through a window, and can be interacted with similarly to any other application. - -> **NOTE:** the virtual machine window will capture the keyboard input (The mouse is automatically captured or released depending on whether it's currently on top of the virtual machine window or not). If the input is currently captured, and you need to send input to the desktop (or a window outside of your virtual machine window), you'll need to tap the Right-hand `CTRL` first, which will release the keyboard from the Virtual machine, and allow it to work in the desktop again. Clicking inside of the Virtual Machine window will re-enable the keyboard capture. - -### Add Network Printer - -In `VirtualBox`, click your virtual machine so it's highlighted in orange. Select `Settings` in the top menu. Select `Network` and make sure the "Enable Network Adapter" is checked and the "Attached to" option is `Bridged Adapter`. The network `name` (SSID) is the name of the network you wish to connect to. - -Select `OK` and power on your virtual machine. Go to the Printer menu and select the option to `Add a Printer`. Windows should automatically find your printer. Select it and follow the prompts to finish the installation. Print a test page to confirm the connection worked. - -![Windows 10 Desktop](/images/windows/vmsettings.png) - ---- - -## Dual-Booting Windows - -### Creating Install Media - -Download the latest [Windows .iso file](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/software-download/windows10ISO) from Microsoft's website. Plug in a USB flash drive (8GB or larger) to use as an installation disk. The USB drive will be wiped during this process. - -On Pop!_OS or Ubuntu, install [WoeUSB-ng](https://github.com/WoeUSB/WoeUSB-ng) using these commands: +On Pop!_OS or Ubuntu, you can install WoeUSB-ng using the commands below: ```bash sudo apt install git p7zip-full python3-pip python3-wxgtk4.0 grub2-common sudo pip3 install WoeUSB-ng ``` -Once installed, open the WoeUSB-ng application (entering your password when prompted) and perform the following steps: +Once installed, open the WoeUSB-ng application and create the USB installer with the steps below: 1. Select the Windows .iso file as the source. @@ -252,6 +116,14 @@ It may take several minutes or more for the process to finish -- wait until the --- +## Dual-Booting Windows with Linux + +Dual booting allows you to run 2 or more operating systems on the same computer. There are several ways to dual boot Pop!_OS and Windows. Make sure to follow the instructions for your specific situation: + +- [Installing on a Dedicated Drive (Recommended)](#installing-on-a-dedicated-drive) +- [Installing on a Shared Drive](#installing-on-a-shared-drive) +- [Installing Windows Only (not dual booting)](#install-windows) + ### Installing on a Dedicated Drive The easiest way to dual-boot Windows is to install it on a separate physical drive from Pop!_OS. This allows both Windows and Pop!_OS to use their default partition schemes, and allows you to select the OS using the UEFI firmware menu. @@ -260,90 +132,9 @@ The easiest way to dual-boot Windows is to install it on a separate physical dri For the safest experience, power off your machine, [open the case](https://support.system76.com/articles/guides), and remove the drive with Pop!_OS prior to installing Windows. This ensures Windows won't overwrite the Pop!_OS bootloader, and helps avoid accidentally overwriting Pop!_OS. -### Starting the Installer - -Plug the [install media](#creating-install-media) into your machine, then power on while holding the appropriate key to enter the [boot menu](/articles/boot-menu/): - -- `Esc` for laptops with Open Firmware -- `F7` for laptops with proprietary firmware -- `F8` or `F12` for Thelio desktops -- `F10` for Meerkat desktops - -From the boot menu, select the drive containing the Windows ISO. +Once only the Windows drive is installed in the system, proceed to [installing Windows](#install-windows) -### Performing the Installation - -Select your language, region, and keyboard settings, then click `Next`. - -![Windows region & language settings](/images/dual-booting/windows-language-settings.jpg) - -On the next page, click `Install now`. - -![Windows installer](/images/dual-booting/windows-install-now.jpg) - -On the `Activate Windows` page, enter your Windows product key, then click `Next`. If you don't have a product key, click `I don't have a product key`. (Usage of Windows without a product key may violate Microsoft's [license terms](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/Useterms/Retail/Windows/10/UseTerms_Retail_Windows_10_English.htm) for Windows, and some features may be limited or unavailable.) - -![Windows activation](/images/dual-booting/windows-activation.jpg) - -If you didn't enter a product key, you will be asked to choose which version of Windows to install. The standard version for desktop and laptop computers is `Windows 10 Pro` (if you're not sure which version to select, use this one.) - -![Windows edition selection](/images/dual-booting/windows-select-edition.jpg) - -Next, you will be asked to read and accept Microsoft's license terms for Windows. To continue, check the `I accept the license terms` checkbox and click `Next`. - -![Windows license terms](/images/dual-booting/windows-accept-license-terms.jpg) - -The next page will ask what type of installation you want to perform. Since there is no existing Windows installation to upgrade, select the `Custom: Install Windows only (advanced)` option. - -![Windows installation types](/images/dual-booting/windows-installation-type.jpg) - -Finally, the installer will ask you to select where you want to install to. In this scenario, we are installing Windows to a dedicated drive (if you're doing something else, see [Planning the Installation](#planning-the-installation)). - -If the drive to be used for Windows already contains any partitions, start by deleting those partitions. To do this, you'll need to identify which drive will be used for Windows. - -For example, if you purchased a System76 machine with multiple drives, any extra drives should have a single partition (while the OS drive for Pop!_OS will have three or four partitions.) In this example, the Pop!_OS drive is 256GB and the Windows drive is 128GB, so we'll delete the single partition on `Drive 1` because it's closest to 128GB: - -![Windows deleting existing partitions](/images/dual-booting/windows-delete-existing-partitions.jpg) - -(If your flash drive is large enough, it may also show up in the list of drives; once again, identify it by its size and do not attempt to delete its partitions, since it's where the installer is stored.) - -You will be asked to confirm any partitions you delete: - -![Windows confirming a partition deletion](/images/dual-booting/windows-confirm-partition-delete.jpg) - -Once all of the partitions have been deleted from the soon-to-be Windows drive, select the `Unallocated Space` on that drive and click `Next`. This will allow the installer to configure the necessary partitions automatically. - -![Windows selecting unallocated space](/images/dual-booting/windows-select-unallocated-space.jpg) - -Next, wait for the Windows installation to complete. The installer will show progress as it copies and expands the OS files. The system may reboot one or more times. - -![Windows being installed](/images/dual-booting/windows-installing.jpg) - -If you see a message about checking the disk, wait and allow the installer to check its newly-created partitions. - -![Windows checking the disk](/images/dual-booting/windows-checking-disk.jpg) - -Eventually, the Windows out-of-box experience wizard will start. Select your country (it may be automatically selected if you're connected to the internet) and click `Yes`. - -![Windows first-time setup wizard](/images/dual-booting/windows-oobe.jpg) - -Follow the wizard to select your preferences: - -- Keyboard layout -- Network setup, if using WiFi -- Account details -- Privacy settings -- Cortana settings - -After completing the wizard, Windows will display a slideshow while it finishes setting up. Eventually, you will see the Windows desktop: - -![Windows 10 desktop](/images/dual-booting/windows-10-desktop.jpg) - -See [additional setup](#additional-setup-for-windows-not-in-vm) for next steps. - ---- - -### Installing on a Shared Drive (Starting with Pop!_OS) +### Installing on a Shared Drive If you need to install both operating systems on a single drive (for example, if your computer only supports a single SSD), it is possible to install both OS's using a custom partition scheme. Pop!_OS's full-disk encryption is not supported with this setup. @@ -351,7 +142,7 @@ Start by [installing Pop!_OS](/articles/install-pop/), making sure to select `Do (System76 computers shipped with Pop!_OS give you the option of whether or not to encrypt on first boot. If you chose to encrypt at first boot, or if you reinstalled and chose to encrypt, you will need to reinstall without encrypting before proceeding. If you want to dual boot and also use full-disk encryption, you will need to [use a dedicated drive](#installing-on-a-dedicated-drive) instead.) -### Shrinking Pop!_OS +#### Shrinking Pop!_OS Once Pop!_OS is installed (and not encrypted), boot into Recovery mode by holding down the spacebar during boot and selecting `Pop!_OS recovery` from the list of boot options. @@ -359,9 +150,9 @@ Once Pop!_OS is installed (and not encrypted), boot into Recovery mode by holdin Once Recovery mode has finished loading, select your language and keyboard layout, then select `Try Demo Mode` in the bottom left to exit the installer. -Next, open `GParted` by searching for it in the Activities menu (`SUPER`) or the Pop!_Shell launcher (`SUPER` + `/`). +Next, open `GParted` by searching for it in the Applications menu found at the top left of your primary display. -The Recovery mode is installed on the same drive as the main Pop!\_OS install. Because of the Recovery location, GParted should automatically show the drive that Pop!_OS is installed to; otherwise, if GParted is showing a different drive (such as a flash drive), select the correct drive in the `GParted` -> `Devices` menu. +The Recovery partition is installed on the same drive as the main Pop!\_OS install. Because of the Recovery location, GParted should automatically show the drive that Pop!_OS is installed to; otherwise, if GParted is showing a different drive (such as a flash drive), select the correct drive in the `GParted` -> `Devices` menu. The largest partition in an unencrypted, default layout is an ext4 partition. Select this partition from the list, then click the `Resize/Move` button. @@ -393,18 +184,18 @@ Wait until all of the operations complete, then click the `Close` button. Exit out of GParted and use the top-right menu to power off the system. -### Starting the Windows installer +## Install Windows -Plug the [Windows install media](#creating-install-media) into your machine, then power on while holding the appropriate key to enter the [boot menu](/articles/boot-menu/): +Plug the [USB installer](#create-a-windows-usb-installer) into your machine, then power on while holding the appropriate key to enter the [boot menu](/articles/boot-menu/): - `Esc` for laptops with Open Firmware - `F7` for laptops with proprietary firmware - `F8` or `F12` for Thelio desktops - `F10` for Meerkat desktops -From the boot menu, select the drive containing the Windows installer, then wait for the installer to boot. +From the boot menu, select the USB drive containing the Windows installer. -### Performing the Windows installation +### Performing the Installation Select your language, region, and keyboard settings, then click `Next`. @@ -418,7 +209,7 @@ On the `Activate Windows` page, enter your Windows product key, then click `Next ![Windows activation](/images/dual-booting/windows-activation.jpg) -If you didn't enter a product key, you will be asked to choose which version of Windows to install. The standard version for desktop and laptop computers is `Windows 10 Pro` (if you're not sure which version to select, use this one.) +If you didn't enter a product key, you will be asked to choose which version of Windows to install. The standard version for desktop and laptop computers is `Windows 10 Home` (if you're not sure which version to select, use this one.) ![Windows edition selection](/images/dual-booting/windows-select-edition.jpg) @@ -430,15 +221,54 @@ The next page will ask what type of installation you want to perform. Since ther ![Windows installation types](/images/dual-booting/windows-installation-type.jpg) -Finally, the installer will ask you to select where you want to install to. In this scenario, we are installing Windows to a pre-made partition on the shared drive (if you're doing something else, see [Planning the Installation](#planning-the-installation)). +Finally, the installer will ask you to select where you want to install to. Please follow the instructions for the configuration you chose under [Dual-Booting Windows](#dual-booting-windows-with-linux) + +Installing Windows to a **Dedicated Drive** + +1. Select the drive you would like to install Windows to. + - This drive likely has 1 partition listed, or shows as "Unallocated Space" + - If there are more partitions listed, see the [Managing Partitions](#managing-partitions) section below for instructions on removing them. +2. Click `Next` to install Windows to the drive. +3. Proceed to [Completing the Installation](#completing-the-installation) + +Installing Windows to a **Shared Drive** -Select the partition that matches the size and position in the list of what you created earlier using GParted. (Windows may select this partition automatically.) Click `Next` to install Windows to the partition. +We are going to install Windows to an existing partition on the shared drive. + +1. Select the partition that matches what you created earlier using GParted. +2. Click `Next` to install Windows to the partition. +3. Proceed to [Completing the Installation](#completing-the-installation) >**Warning:** You should not need to format any partitions during this step. If you see a `Windows can't be installed on drive # partition #` message, either you have the wrong partition selected, or you did not select `NTFS` as the partition type when creating the partition in GParted earlier. Try selecting a different partition, or go back to [Shrinking Pop!_OS](#shrinking-pop_os). -![Windows selecting a partition](/images/dual-booting/windows-select-partition.jpg) +Installing **Windows Only** + +1. Select the drive you would like to install Windows on (likely the only drive) + - If there are partitions already on the drive, see the [Managing Partitions](#managing-partitions) section below for instructions on removing them. +2. Click `Next` to install Windows to the partition. +3. Proceed to [Completing the Installation](#completing-the-installation) + +#### Managing Partitions -Next, wait for the Windows installation to complete. The installer will show progress as it copies and expands the OS files. The system may reboot one or more times. +If the drive to be used for Windows already contains any partitions, start by deleting those partitions. To do this, you'll need to identify which drive will be used for Windows. + +For example, if you purchased a System76 machine with multiple drives, any extra drives should have a single partition (while the OS drive for Pop!_OS will have three or four partitions.) In this example, the Pop!_OS drive is 256GB and the Windows drive is 128GB, so we'll delete the single partition on `Drive 1` because it's closest to 128GB: + +![Windows deleting existing partitions](/images/dual-booting/windows-delete-existing-partitions.jpg) + +(If your flash drive is large enough, it may also show up in the list of drives; once again, identify it by its size and do not attempt to delete its partitions, since it's where the installer is stored.) + +You will be asked to confirm any partitions you delete: + +![Windows confirming a partition deletion](/images/dual-booting/windows-confirm-partition-delete.jpg) + +Once all of the partitions have been deleted from the soon-to-be Windows drive, select the `Unallocated Space` on that drive and click `Next`. This will allow the installer to configure the necessary partitions automatically. + +![Windows selecting unallocated space](/images/dual-booting/windows-select-unallocated-space.jpg) + +### Completing the Installation + +At this point, the Windows install will run. The installer will show progress as it copies and expands the OS files. The system may reboot one or more times during this process. ![Windows being installed](/images/dual-booting/windows-installing.jpg) @@ -446,11 +276,13 @@ If you see a message about checking the disk, wait and allow the installer to ch ![Windows checking the disk](/images/dual-booting/windows-checking-disk.jpg) -Eventually, the Windows out-of-box experience wizard will start. Select your country (it may be automatically selected if you're connected to the internet) and click `Yes`. +### Windows Set Up + +After the install is completed, the system will reboot and then load the Windows set-up wizard. Select your country (it may be automatically selected if you're connected to the internet) and click `Yes`. ![Windows first-time setup wizard](/images/dual-booting/windows-oobe.jpg) -Follow the wizard to select your preferences: +Follow the wizard to select your preferences for: - Keyboard layout - Network setup, if using WiFi @@ -458,15 +290,15 @@ Follow the wizard to select your preferences: - Privacy settings - Cortana settings -After completing the wizard, Windows will display a slideshow while it finishes setting up. Eventually, you will see the Windows desktop: +After completing the wizard, Windows will display a slideshow while it finishes setting up. Once the set up is completed, you will see the Windows desktop: ![Windows 10 desktop](/images/dual-booting/windows-10-desktop.jpg) -See [additional setup](#additional-setup-for-windows-not-in-vm) for next steps. +Now that Windows is installed, proceed to [additional setup](#additional-setup-for-windows) to make sure you have the best experience possible with Windows on your System76 computer. --- -## Additional Setup for Windows (not in VM) +## Additional Setup for Windows ### Installing Drivers @@ -484,7 +316,7 @@ For our Open Firmware and Open EC systems, you can download the Windows drivers For systems with NVIDIA graphics cards, drivers can be found here [NVIDIA Drivers](http://www.nvidia.com/Download/index.aspx) -### NVIDIA Hardware Table +#### NVIDIA Hardware Table Always|Maybe|Never :----:|:----:|:----: @@ -495,7 +327,7 @@ Oryx Pro|Ratel| Serval WS|Thelio| Silverback WS|Wild Dog Pro| -### Ethernet Hardware Table +#### Ethernet Hardware Table Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411|Intel I219-V|Atheros/Killer Ethernet E2400|Intel I210 :----:|:----:|:----:|:----: @@ -538,11 +370,11 @@ Finally, scroll down to the "Shutdown settings" section, uncheck the `Turn on fa This will ensure Windows fully shuts down and allows other operating systems to use the hardware. -### Switching between Pop!_OS and Windows +### Selecting Pop!_OS or Windows -Depending on how you installed Windows and which firmware your computer is running, there may be several ways to choose which OS to boot. +Depending on how you installed Windows and which firmware your computer is running, there are a variety of ways to choose which OS to boot. -### Using the UEFI firmware +#### Using the firmware boot menu - **Change the default OS** using the [UEFI setup menu](/articles/boot-menu/) (while booting, hold down `ESC` on Open Firmware laptops, `F2` on closed firmware laptops, `DEL` on Thelio desktops, or `F2` on Meerkat desktops.) - Navigate to the boot options and set the desired order, then save and exit. @@ -551,7 +383,9 @@ Depending on how you installed Windows and which firmware your computer is runni - Select the desired OS (or the drive that it's on.) - If there's more than one entry for an OS or drive, try them from top to bottom until you find the one that works. -### Using systemd-boot +#### Using the systemd-boot menu + +Systemd-boot is the bootloader used by Pop!_OS. It can be used to select which operating system you would like to boot from. The steps below outline how to access the systemd-boot menu, and select an operating system: - This menu is part of Pop!_OS, so in order to use it effectively, Pop!_OS must be set as the default OS in the firmware settings as described in the previous section. - **Change the default OS** using the `systemd-boot` menu (while booting, hold down `SPACE`.) @@ -563,11 +397,44 @@ Depending on how you installed Windows and which firmware your computer is runni - Press the `+` key (or `SHIFT` + `=`) to increase the number of seconds the system will wait before booting the default OS; press `-` to decrease the number of seconds. - Once a timer is set, the menu will display on every boot without having to hold down `SPACE`. (To reverse this, press `-` until the timer is back to zero.) -## Repairing the Pop!_OS Bootloader +##### Add Windows to systemd-boot + +If you installed Windows on a [dedicated drive](#installing-on-a-dedicated-drive), then the systemd-boot menu will not recognize the Windows drive right away. To make systemd-boot aware of the Windows installation, we will need to copy the Windows boot files from the Windows boot partition, to the Pop!\_OS boot partition. + +1. Boot to Pop!_OS +2. Find the Windows drive + 1. Run lsblk in a Terminal to list partitions on your systems + - The EFI partition should be the 1st partition on the Windows drive, and will be around 100M in size + 2. Now mount the Windows EFI partition to /mnt + - sudo mount /dev/NAME where NAME is from the "name" column of the lsblk output for the EFI partition + - After mounting on a test machine, I ran ls -al /mnt/EFI and I was able to see a "Boot" and a "Microsoft" folder at this point + 3. Now copy the "Microsoft" folder to your Pop!_OS EFI partition. + - will copy the folder if the Windows EFI was mounted as I indicated above + ```bash + sudo cp -Rv /mnt/EFI/Microsoft /boot/efi/EFI/Microsoft + ``` +3. When you reboot at this point, Windows should now show in the systemd-boot menu. + +#### EFI Boot Manager + +EFI Boot Manager or `efibootmgr` is a tool used to interact with an EFI system's boot entries. We can use `efibootmgr` in Linux to set Windows as our 1-time boot option. If we reboot the computer at this point, your computer will boot straight to Windows. Then, if you reboot the computer again, it will go back to Pop!_OS until you set the 1-time boot option again. + +Most system released after 2014 use EFI-based firmware, and can use this tool. + +1. Run the efibootmgr command in a Terminal. + - This will show you the available EFI boot entries found on your system +2. Find the "Microsoft Boot Manager" line, we will need the 4-digit number found in the Boot000x section +3. Run the below command to set a 1-time boot to the Windows partition. + - The 1-time boot selection will be loaded the next time you boot or reboot the system. After that, the default boot item will be used like normal + - `sudo efibootmgr -n 000x` replace the x at the end with the number found in the "Microsoft Boot Manager" line. +4. Now, reboot your system and Windows will boot. + - If you reboot Windows, it will go back to Pop!_OS. If you were to reboot Pop!_OS once more, it will continue to load Pop!_OS unless you intervene. + +### Repairing the Pop!_OS Bootloader If Pop!_OS stops booting or no longer appears as a boot option after the Windows installation, or after a Windows update, see [this article](/articles/bootloader) for information on repairing the Pop!_OS bootloader. -## Fixing the System Clock +### Fixing the System Clock Windows and Linux store their time in the UEFI firmware differently. This can cause the clock to become de-synchronized when you switch from one OS to the other. From d178cecc759d07088ce2ed535dfd3119c5079eda Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Aaron Honeycutt Date: Thu, 2 Jun 2022 06:33:02 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Update keywords --- content/windows.md | 5 ++--- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/windows.md b/content/windows.md index 46f6ff8c75..48eff17258 100644 --- a/content/windows.md +++ b/content/windows.md @@ -7,12 +7,11 @@ keywords: - Windows 10 - Windows 11 - Microsoft - - drivers + - Drivers - System76 - - dual boot + - Dual Boot - Linux - Support - - virtual machine - VM - Virtual Machines - Virtualbox From 654131830d136abaa3427bc03bf854bf282d7812 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Aaron Honeycutt Date: Thu, 2 Jun 2022 06:36:00 -0600 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Fix based on feedback --- content/windows.md | 6 +++--- 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/windows.md b/content/windows.md index 48eff17258..68fe5440fe 100644 --- a/content/windows.md +++ b/content/windows.md @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ It may take several minutes or more for the process to finish -- wait until the ## Dual-Booting Windows with Linux -Dual booting allows you to run 2 or more operating systems on the same computer. There are several ways to dual boot Pop!_OS and Windows. Make sure to follow the instructions for your specific situation: +Dual booting allows you to run 2 perating systems on the same computer. There are several ways to dual boot Pop!_OS and Windows. Make sure to follow the instructions for your specific situation: - [Installing on a Dedicated Drive (Recommended)](#installing-on-a-dedicated-drive) - [Installing on a Shared Drive](#installing-on-a-shared-drive) @@ -220,11 +220,11 @@ The next page will ask what type of installation you want to perform. Since ther ![Windows installation types](/images/dual-booting/windows-installation-type.jpg) -Finally, the installer will ask you to select where you want to install to. Please follow the instructions for the configuration you chose under [Dual-Booting Windows](#dual-booting-windows-with-linux) +Finally, the installer will ask you to select the location where you want Windows installed. Please follow the instructions for the configuration you chose under [Dual-Booting Windows](#dual-booting-windows-with-linux) Installing Windows to a **Dedicated Drive** -1. Select the drive you would like to install Windows to. +1. Select the drive for Windows installation. - This drive likely has 1 partition listed, or shows as "Unallocated Space" - If there are more partitions listed, see the [Managing Partitions](#managing-partitions) section below for instructions on removing them. 2. Click `Next` to install Windows to the drive.