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.TH goaccess 1 "MARCH 2017" Linux "User Manuals"
.SH NAME
goaccess \- fast web log analyzer and interactive viewer.
.SH SYNOPSIS
.LP
.B goaccess [filename] [options...] [-c][-M][-H][-q][-d][...]
.SH DESCRIPTION
.B goaccess
GoAccess is an open source real-time web log analyzer and interactive viewer
that runs in a
.I terminal
in *nix systems or through your
.I browser.
.P
It provides fast and valuable HTTP statistics for system administrators that
require a visual server report on the fly.
.P
GoAccess parses the specified web log file and outputs the data to the X
terminal. Features include:
.IP "General Statistics:"
This panel gives a summary of several metrics, such as the number of valid and
invalid requests, time taken to analyze the dataset, unique visitors, requested
files, static files (CSS, ICO, JPG, etc) HTTP referrers, 404s, size of the
parsed log file and bandwidth consumption.
.IP "Unique visitors"
This panel shows metrics such as hits, unique visitors and cumulative bandwidth
per date. HTTP requests containing the same IP, the same date, and the same
user agent are considered a unique visitor. By default, it includes web
crawlers/spiders.
.IP
Optionally, date specificity can be set to the hour level using
.I --date-spec=hr
which will display dates such as 05/Jun/2016:16. This is great if you want to
track your daily traffic at the hour level.
.IP "Requested files"
This panel displays the most requested files on your web server. It shows hits,
unique visitors, and percentage, along with the cumulative bandwidth, protocol,
and the request method used.
.IP "Requested static files"
Lists the most frequently static files such as: JPG, CSS, SWF, JS, GIF, and PNG
file types, along with the same metrics as the last panel. Additional static
files can be added to the configuration file.
.IP "404 or Not Found"
Displays the same metrics as the previous request panels, however, its data
contains all pages that were not found on the server, or commonly known as 404
status code.
.IP "Hosts"
This panel has detailed information on the hosts themselves. This is great for
spotting aggressive crawlers and identifying who's eating your bandwidth.
Expanding the panel can display more information such as host's reverse DNS
lookup result, country of origin and city. If the
.I -a
argument is enabled, a list of user agents can be displayed by selecting the
desired IP address, and then pressing ENTER.
.IP "Operating Systems"
This panel will report which operating system the host used when it hit the
server. It attempts to provide the most specific version of each operating
system.
.IP "Browsers"
This panel will report which browser the host used when it hit the server. It
attempts to provide the most specific version of each browser.
.IP "Visit Times"
This panel will display an hourly report. This option displays 24 data points,
one for each hour of the day.
.IP
Optionally, hour specificity can be set to the tenth of an hour level using
.I --hour-spec=min
which will display hours as 16:4 This is great if you want to spot peaks of
traffic on your server.
.IP "Virtual Hosts"
This panel will display all the different virtual hosts parsed from the access
log. This panel is displayed if
.I %v
is used within the log-format string.
.IP "Referrers URLs"
If the host in question accessed the site via another resource, or was
linked/diverted to you from another host, the URL they were referred from will
be provided in this panel. See `--ignore-panel` in your configuration file to
enable it.
.I disabled
by default.
.IP "Referring Sites"
This panel will display only the host part but not the whole URL. The URL where
the request came from.
.IP "Keyphrases"
It reports keyphrases used on Google search, Google cache, and Google translate
that have lead to your web server. At present, it only supports Google search
queries via HTTP. See `--ignore-panel` in your configuration file to enable it.
.I disabled
by default.
.IP "Geo Location"
Determines where an IP address is geographically located. Statistics are broken
down by continent and country. It needs to be compiled with GeoLocation
support.
.IP "HTTP Status Codes"
The values of the numeric status code to HTTP requests.
.IP "Remote User (HTTP authentication)"
This is the userid of the person requesting the document as determined by HTTP
authentication. If the document is not password protected, this part will be
"-" just like the previous one. This panel is not enabled unless
.I %e
is given within the log-format variable.
.P
.I NOTE:
Optionally and if configured, all panels can display the average time taken to
serve the request.
.SH STORAGE
.P
There are three storage options that can be used with GoAccess. Choosing one
will depend on your environment and needs.
.TP
Default Hash Tables
In-memory storage provides better performance at the cost of limiting the
dataset size to the amount of available physical memory. By default GoAccess
uses in-memory hash tables. If your dataset can fit in memory, then this will
perform fine. It has very good memory usage and pretty good performance.
.TP
Tokyo Cabinet On-Disk B+ Tree
Use this storage method for large datasets where it is not possible to fit
everything in memory. The B+ tree database is slower than any of the hash
databases since data has to be committed to disk. However, using an SSD greatly
increases the performance. You may also use this storage method if you need
data persistence to quickly load statistics at a later date.
.TP
Tokyo Cabinet In-memory Hash Database
An alternative to the default hash tables. It uses generic typing and thus it's
performance in terms of memory and speed is average.
.SH CONFIGURATION
.P
Multiple options can be used to configure GoAccess. For a complete up-to-date
list of configure options, run
.I ./configure --help
.TP
\fB\-\-enable-debug
Compile with debugging symbols and turn off compiler optimizations.
.TP
\fB\-\-enable-utf8
Compile with wide character support. Ncursesw is required.
.TP
\fB\-\-enable-geoip=<legacy|mmdb>
Compile with GeoLocation support. MaxMind's GeoIP is required.
.I legacy
will utilize the original GeoIP databases.
.I mmdb
will utilize the enhanced GeoIP2 databases.
.TP
\fB\-\-enable-tcb=<memhash|btree>
Compile with Tokyo Cabinet storage support.
.I memhash
will utilize Tokyo Cabinet's on-memory hash database.
.I btree
will utilize Tokyo Cabinet's on-disk B+ Tree database.
.TP
\fB\-\-disable-zlib
Disable zlib compression on B+ Tree database.
.TP
\fB\-\-disable-bzip
Disable bzip2 compression on B+ Tree database.
.TP
\fB\-\-with-getline
Dynamically expands line buffer in order to parse full line requests instead of
using a fixed size buffer of 4096.
.TP
\fB\-\-with-openssl
Compile GoAccess with OpenSSL support for its WebSocket server.
.SH OPTIONS
.P
The following options can be supplied to the command or specified in the
configuration file. If specified in the configuration file, long options need
to be used without prepending -- and without using the equal sign =.
.SS
LOG/DATE/TIME FORMAT
.TP
\fB\-\-time-format=<timeformat>
The time-format variable followed by a space, specifies the log format time
containing either a name of a predefined format (see options below) or any
combination of regular characters and special format specifiers.
.IP
They all begin with a percentage (%) sign. See `man strftime`.
.I %T or %H:%M:%S.
.IP
Note that if a timestamp is given in microseconds,
.I %f
must be used as time-format
.TP
\fB\-\-date-format=<dateformat>
The date-format variable followed by a space, specifies the log format time
containing either a name of a predefined format (see options below) or any
combination of regular characters and special format specifiers.
.IP
They all begin with a percentage (%) sign. See `man strftime`.
.I %Y-%m-%d.
.IP
Note that if a timestamp is given in microseconds,
.I
%f
must be used as date-format
.TP
\fB\-\-log-format=<logformat>
The log-format variable followed by a space or
.I \\\\t
for tab-delimited, specifies the log format string.
Note that if there are spaces within the format, the string needs to be
enclosed in single/double quotes. Inner quotes need to be escaped.
.IP
In addition to specifying the raw log/date/time formats, for simplicity, any of
the following predefined log format names can be supplied to the
log/date/time-format variables. GoAccess can also handle one predefined name in
one variable and another predefined name in another variable.
.IP
COMBINED - Combined Log Format,
VCOMBINED - Combined Log Format with Virtual Host,
COMMON - Common Log Format,
VCOMMON - Common Log Format with Virtual Host,
W3C - W3C Extended Log File Format,
SQUID - Native Squid Log Format,
CLOUDFRONT - Amazon CloudFront Web Distribution,
CLOUDSTORAGE - Google Cloud Storage,
AWSELB - Amazon Elastic Load Balancing,
AWSS3 - Amazon Simple Storage Service (S3)
.IP
.I Note:
Piping data into GoAccess won't prompt a log/date/time configuration dialog,
you will need to previously define it in your configuration file or in the
command line.
.SS
USER INTERFACE OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-c \-\-config-dialog
Prompt log/time/date configuration window on program start. Only when curses is
initialized.
.TP
\fB\-i \-\-hl-header
Color highlight active terminal panel.
.TP
\fB\-m \-\-with-mouse
Enable mouse support on main terminal dashboard.
.TP
\fB\-\-\-color=<fg:bg[attrs, PANEL]>
Specify custom colors for the terminal output.
.I Color Syntax
DEFINITION space/tab colorFG#:colorBG# [attributes,PANEL]
FG# = foreground color [-1...255] (-1 = default term color)
BG# = background color [-1...255] (-1 = default term color)
Optionally, it is possible to apply color attributes (multiple attributes are
comma separated), such as:
.I bold,
.I underline,
.I normal,
.I reverse,
.I blink
If desired, it is possible to apply custom colors per panel, that is, a metric
in the REQUESTS panel can be of color A, while the same metric in the BROWSERS
panel can be of color B.
.I Available color definitions:
COLOR_MTRC_HITS
COLOR_MTRC_VISITORS
COLOR_MTRC_DATA
COLOR_MTRC_BW
COLOR_MTRC_AVGTS
COLOR_MTRC_CUMTS
COLOR_MTRC_MAXTS
COLOR_MTRC_PROT
COLOR_MTRC_MTHD
COLOR_MTRC_HITS_PERC
COLOR_MTRC_HITS_PERC_MAX
COLOR_MTRC_VISITORS_PERC
COLOR_MTRC_VISITORS_PERC_MAX
COLOR_PANEL_COLS
COLOR_BARS
COLOR_ERROR
COLOR_SELECTED
COLOR_PANEL_ACTIVE
COLOR_PANEL_HEADER
COLOR_PANEL_DESC
COLOR_OVERALL_LBLS
COLOR_OVERALL_VALS
COLOR_OVERALL_PATH
COLOR_ACTIVE_LABEL
COLOR_BG
COLOR_DEFAULT
COLOR_PROGRESS
See configuration file for a sample color scheme.
.TP
\fB\-\-color-scheme=<1|2|3>
Choose among color schemes.
.I 1
for the default grey scheme.
.I 2
for the green scheme.
.I 3
for the Monokai scheme (shown only if terminal supports 256 colors).
.TP
\fB\-\-crawlers-only
Parse and display only crawlers (bots).
.TP
\fB\-\-html-custom-css=<path/custom.css>
Specifies a custom CSS file path to load in the HTML report.
.TP
\fB\-\-html-custom-js=<path/custom.js>
Specifies a custom JS file path to load in the HTML report.
.TP
\fB\-\-html-report-title=<title>
Set HTML report page title and header.
.TP
\fB\-\-html-prefs=<JSON>
Set HTML report default preferences. Supply a valid JSON object containing the
HTML preferences. It allows the ability to customize each panel plot. See
example below.
.IP
.I Note:
The JSON object passed needs to be a one line JSON string. For instance,
.IP
\-\-html-prefs='{"theme":"bright","perPage":5,"layout":"horizontal","showTables":true,"visitors":{"plot":{"chartType":"bar"}}}'
.TP
\fB\-\-json-pretty-print
Format JSON output using tabs and newlines.
.IP
.I Note:
This is not recommended when outputting a real-time HTML report since the
WebSocket payload will much much larger.
.TP
\fB\-\-max-items=<number>
The maximum number of items to display per panel. The maximum can be a number
between 1 and n.
.IP
.I Note:
Only the CSV and JSON output allow a maximum number greater than the default
value of 366 (or 50 in the real-time HTML output) items per panel.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-color
Turn off colored output. This is the default output on terminals that do not
support colors.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-column-names
Don't write column names in the terminal output. By default, it displays column
names for each available metric in every panel.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-csv-summary
Disable summary metrics on the CSV output.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-progress
Disable progress metrics [total requests/requests per second].
.TP
\fB\-\-no-tab-scroll
Disable scrolling through panels when TAB is pressed or when a panel is
selected using a numeric key.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-html-last-updated
Do not show the last updated field displayed in the HTML generated report.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-parsing-spinner
Do now show the progress metrics and parsing spinner.
.SS
SERVER OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-\-addr
Specify IP address to bind the server to. Otherwise it binds to 0.0.0.0.
.IP
Usually there is no need to specify the address, unless you intentionally would
like to bind the server to a different address within your server.
.TP
\fB\-\-daemonize
Run GoAccess as daemon (only if \fB\-\-real-time-html enabled).
.IP
Note: It's important to make use of absolute paths across GoAccess'
configuration.
.TP
\fB\-\-origin=<url>
Ensure clients send the specified origin header upon the WebSocket handshake.
.TP
\fB\-\-pid-file=<path/goaccess.pid>
Write the daemon PID to a file when used along the --daemonize option.
.TP
\fB\-\-port=<port>
Specify the port to use. By default GoAccess' WebSocket server listens on port
7890.
.TP
\fB\-\-real-time-html
Enable real-time HTML output.
.IP
GoAccess uses its own WebSocket server to push the data from the server to the
client. See http://gwsocket.io for more details how the WebSocket server works.
.TP
\fB\-\-ws-url=<[scheme://]url[:port]>
URL to which the WebSocket server responds. This is the URL supplied to the
WebSocket constructor on the client side.
.IP
Optionally, it is possible to specify the WebSocket URI scheme, such as
.I ws://
or
.I wss://
for unencrypted and encrypted connections. e.g.,
.I
wss://goaccess.io
.IP
If GoAccess is running behind a proxy, you could set the client side to connect
to a different port by specifying the host followed by a colon and the port.
e.g.,
.I goaccess.io:9999
. e.g.,
.IP
By default, it will attempt to connect to the generated report's hostname. If
GoAccess is running on a remote server, the host of the remote server should be
specified here. Also, make sure it is a valid host and NOT an http address.
.TP
\fB\-\-fifo-in=<path/file>
Creates a named pipe (FIFO) that reads from on the given path/file.
.TP
\fB\-\-fifo-out=<path/file>
Creates a named pipe (FIFO) that writes to the given path/file.
.TP
\fB\-\-ssl-cert=<cert.crt>
Path to TLS/SSL certificate. In order to enable TLS/SSL support, GoAccess
requires that \-\-ssl-cert and \-\-ssl-key are used.
Only if configured using --with-openssl
.TP
\fB\-\-ssl-key=<priv.key>
Path to TLS/SSL private key. In order to enable TLS/SSL support, GoAccess
requires that \-\-ssl-cert and \-\-ssl-key are used.
Only if configured using --with-openssl
.SS
FILE OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-f \-\-log-file=<logfile>
Specify the path to the input log file. If set in the config file, it will take
priority over -f from the command line.
.TP
\fB\-S \-\-log-size=<bytes>
Specify the log size in bytes. This is useful when piping in logs for
processing in which the log size can be explicitly set.
.TP
\fB\-l \-\-debug-file=<debugfile>
Send all debug messages to the specified file.
.TP
\fB\-p \-\-config-file=<configfile>
Specify a custom configuration file to use. If set, it will take priority over
the global configuration file (if any).
.TP
\fB\-\-invalid-requests=<filename>
Log invalid requests to the specified file.
.TP
\fB\-\-no-global-config
Do not load the global configuration file. This directory should normally be
/usr/local/etc, unless specified with
.I --sysconfdir=/dir.
See --dcf option for finding the default configuration file.
.SS
PARSE OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-a \-\-agent-list
Enable a list of user-agents by host. For faster parsing, do not enable this
flag.
.TP
\fB\-d \-\-with-output-resolver
Enable IP resolver on HTML|JSON output.
.TP
\fB\-e \-\-exclude-ip=<IP|IP-range>
Exclude an IPv4 or IPv6 from being counted.
Ranges can be included as well using a dash in between the IPs (start-end).
.IP
.I Examples:
exclude-ip 127.0.0.1
exclude-ip 192.168.0.1-192.168.0.100
exclude-ip ::1
exclude-ip 0:0:0:0:0:ffff:808:804-0:0:0:0:0:ffff:808:808
.TP
\fB\-H \-\-http-protocol=<yes|no>
Set/unset HTTP request protocol. This will create a request key containing the
request protocol + the actual request.
.TP
\fB\-M \-\-http-method=<yes|no>
Set/unset HTTP request method. This will create a request key containing the
request method + the actual request.
.TP
\fB\-o \-\-output=<path/file.[json|csv|html]>
Write output to stdout given one of the following files and the corresponding
extension for the output format:
.IP
/path/file.csv - Comma-separated values (CSV)
/path/file.json - JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
/path/file.html - HTML
.TP
\fB\-q \-\-no-query-string
Ignore request's query string. i.e., www.google.com/page.htm?query =>
www.google.com/page.htm.
.IP
.I Note:
Removing the query string can greatly decrease memory consumption, especially
on timestamped requests.
.TP
\fB\-r \-\-no-term-resolver
Disable IP resolver on terminal output.
.TP
\fB\-\-444-as-404
Treat non-standard status code 444 as 404.
.TP
\fB\-\-4xx-to-unique-count
Add 4xx client errors to the unique visitors count.
.TP
\fB\-\-accumulated-time
Store accumulated processing time from parsing day-by-day logs.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-anonymize-ip
Anonymize the client IP address. The IP anonymization option sets the last
octet of IPv4 user IP addresses and the last 80 bits of IPv6 addresses to
zeros. e.g., 192.168.20.100 => 192.168.20.0
.TP
\fB\-\-all-static-files
Include static files that contain a query string. e.g.,
/fonts/fontawesome-webfont.woff?v=4.0.3
.TP
\fB\-\-date-spec=<date|hr>
Set the date specificity to either date (default) or hr to display hours
appended to the date.
.IP
This is used in the visitors panel. It's useful for tracking visitors at the
hour level. For instance, an hour specificity would yield to display traffic as
18/Dec/2010:19
.TP
\fB\-\-double-decode
Decode double-encoded values. This includes, user-agent, request, and referer.
.TP
\fB\-\-enable-panel=<PANEL>
Enable parsing and displaying the given panel.
.IP
.I Available panels:
VISITORS
REQUESTS
REQUESTS_STATIC
NOT_FOUND
HOSTS
OS
BROWSERS
VISIT_TIMES
VIRTUAL_HOSTS
REFERRERS
REFERRING_SITES
KEYPHRASES
STATUS_CODES
REMOTE_USER
GEO_LOCATION
.TP
\fB\-\-hide-referer=<NEEDLE>
Hide a referer but still count it. Wild cards are allowed in the needle. i.e.,
*.bing.com.
.TP
\fB\-\-hour-spec=<hr|min>
Set the time specificity to either hour (default) or min to display the tenth
of an hour appended to the hour.
.IP
This is used in the time distribution panel. It's useful for tracking peaks of
traffic on your server at specific times.
.TP
\fB\-\-ignore-crawlers
Ignore crawlers from being counted.
.TP
\fB\-\-ignore-panel=<PANEL>
Ignore parsing and displaying the given panel.
.IP
.I Available panels:
VISITORS
REQUESTS
REQUESTS_STATIC
NOT_FOUND
HOSTS
OS
BROWSERS
VISIT_TIMES
VIRTUAL_HOSTS
REFERRERS
REFERRING_SITES
KEYPHRASES
STATUS_CODES
REMOTE_USER
.TP
\fB\-\-ignore-referer=<referer>
Ignore referers from being counted. Wildcards allowed. e.g.,
.I
*.domain.com
.I
ww?.domain.*
.TP
\fB\-\-ignore-status=<CODE>
Ignore parsing and displaying one or multiple status code(s). For multiple
status codes, use this option multiple times.
.TP
\fB\-\-num-tests=<number>
Number of lines from the access log to test against the provided log/date/time
format. By default, the parser is set to test 10 lines. If set to 0, the parser
won't test any lines and will parse the whole access log. If a line matches the
given log/date/time format before it reaches
.I <number>,
the parser will consider the log to be valid, otherwise GoAccess will return
EXIT_FAILURE and display the relevant error messages.
.TP
\fB\-\-process-and-exit
Parse log and exit without outputting data. Useful if we are looking to only
add new data to the on-disk database without outputting to a file or a
terminal.
.TP
\fB\-\-real-os
Display real OS names. e.g, Windows XP, Snow Leopard.
.TP
\fB\-\-sort-panel=<PANEL,FIELD,ORDER>
Sort panel on initial load. Sort options are separated by comma. Options are in
the form: PANEL,METRIC,ORDER
.IP
.I Available metrics:
BY_HITS - Sort by hits
BY_VISITORS - Sort by unique visitors
BY_DATA - Sort by data
BY_BW - Sort by bandwidth
BY_AVGTS - Sort by average time served
BY_CUMTS - Sort by cumulative time served
BY_MAXTS - Sort by maximum time served
BY_PROT - Sort by http protocol
BY_MTHD - Sort by http method
.IP
.I Available orders:
ASC
DESC
.TP
\fB\-\-static-file=<extension>
Add static file extension. e.g.:
.I .mp3
Extensions are case sensitive.
.SS
GEOLOCATION OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-g \-\-std-geoip
Standard GeoIP database for less memory usage.
.TP
\fB\-\-geoip-database=<geofile>
Specify path to GeoIP database file. i.e., GeoLiteCity.dat.
If using GeoIP2, you will need to download the GeoLite2 City or Country
database from MaxMind.com and use the option --geoip-database to specify the
database. You can also get updated database files for GeoIP legacy, you can
find these as GeoLite Legacy Databases from MaxMind.com. IPv4 and IPv6 files
are supported as well. For updated DB URLs, please see the default GoAccess
configuration file.
.I Note:
--geoip-city-data is an alias of --geoip-database.
.SS
OTHER OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-h \-\-help
The help.
.TP
\fB\-s \-\-storage
Display current storage method. i.e., B+ Tree, Hash.
.TP
\fB\-V \-\-version
Display version information and exit.
.TP
\fB\-\-dcf
Display the path of the default config file when `-p` is not used.
.SS
ON-DISK STORAGE OPTIONS
.TP
\fB\-\-keep-db-files
Persist parsed data into disk. If database files exist, files will be
overwritten. This should be set to the first dataset. Setting it to false will
delete all database files when exiting the program. See examples below.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-load-from-disk
Load previously stored data from disk. If reading persisted data only, the
database files need to exist. See
.I keep-db-files
and examples below.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-db-path=<dir>
Path where the on-disk database files are stored. The default value is the
.I /tmp/goaccess<PID>
directory (created on-demand).
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-xmmap=<num>
Set the size in bytes of the extra mapped memory. The default value is 0.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-cache-lcnum=<num>
Specifies the maximum number of leaf nodes to be cached. If it is not more than
0, the default value is specified. The default value is 1024. Setting a larger
value will increase speed performance, however, memory consumption will
increase. Lower value will decrease memory consumption.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-cache-ncnum=<num>
Specifies the maximum number of non-leaf nodes to be cached. If it is not more
than 0, the default value is specified. The default value is 512.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-tune-lmemb=<num>
Specifies the number of members in each leaf page. If it is not more than 0,
the default value is specified. The default value is 128.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-tune-nmemb=<num>
Specifies the number of members in each non-leaf page. If it is not more than
0, the default value is specified. The default value is 256.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-tune-bnum=<num>
Specifies the number of elements of the bucket array. If it is not more than 0,
the default value is specified. The default value is 32749. Suggested size of
the bucket array is about from 1 to 4 times of the number of all pages to be
stored.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.TP
\fB\-\-compression=<zlib|bz2>
Specifies that each page is compressed with ZLIB|BZ2 encoding.
Only if configured with --enable-tcb=btree
.SH CUSTOM LOG/DATE FORMAT
GoAccess can parse virtually any web log format.
.P
Predefined options include, Common Log Format (CLF), Combined Log Format
(XLF/ELF), including virtual host, Amazon CloudFront (Download Distribution),
Google Cloud Storage and W3C format (IIS).
.P
GoAccess allows any custom format string as well.
.P
There are two ways to configure the log format.
The easiest is to run GoAccess with
.I -c
to prompt a configuration window. Otherwise, it can be configured under
~/.goaccessrc or the %sysconfdir%.
.IP "time-format"
The
.I time-format
variable followed by a space, specifies the log format time
containing any combination of regular characters and special format specifiers.
They all begin with a percentage (%) sign. See `man strftime`.
.I %T or %H:%M:%S.
.IP
.I Note:
If a timestamp is given in microseconds,
.I
%f
must be used as
.I
time-format
.IP "date-format"
The
.I date-format
variable followed by a space, specifies the log format date containing any
combination of regular characters and special format specifiers. They all begin
with a percentage (%) sign. See `man strftime`. e.g.,
.I %Y-%m-%d.
.IP
.I Note:
If a timestamp is given in microseconds,
.I
%f
must be used as
.I
date-format
.IP "log-format"
The
.I log-format
variable followed by a space or
.I \\\\t
, specifies the log format string.
.IP %x
A date and time field matching the
.I time-format
and
.I date-format
variables. This is used when given a timestamp or the date & time are
concatenated as a single string (e.g., 1501647332 or 20170801235000) instead of
the date and time being in two separated variables.
.IP %t
time field matching the
.I time-format
variable.
.IP %d
date field matching the
.I date-format
variable.
.IP %v
The canonical Server Name of the server serving the request (Virtual Host).
.IP %e
This is the userid of the person requesting the document as determined by HTTP
authentication.
.IP %h
host (the client IP address, either IPv4 or IPv6)
.IP %r
The request line from the client. This requires specific delimiters around the
request (as single quotes, double quotes, or anything else) to be parsable. If
not, we have to use a combination of special format specifiers as %m %U %H.
.IP %q
The query string.
.IP %m
The request method.
.IP %U
The URL path requested.
.I Note:
If the query string is in %U, there is no need to use
.I %q.
However, if the URL path, does not include any query string, you may use
.I %q
and the query string will be appended to the request.
.IP %H
The request protocol.
.IP %s
The status code that the server sends back to the client.
.IP %b
The size of the object returned to the client.
.IP %R
The "Referrer" HTTP request header.
.IP %u
The user-agent HTTP request header.
.IP %D
The time taken to serve the request, in microseconds as a decimal number.
.IP %T
The time taken to serve the request, in seconds with milliseconds resolution.
.IP %L
The time taken to serve the request, in milliseconds as a decimal number.
.IP %^
Ignore this field.
.IP %~
Move forward through the log string until a non-space (!isspace) char is found.
.IP ~h
The host (the client IP address, either IPv4 or IPv6) in a X-Forwarded-For (XFF) field.
It uses a special specifier which consists of a tilde before the host
specifier, followed by the character(s) that delimit the XFF field, which are
enclosed by curly braces (i.e., ~h{," })
For example, ~h{," } is used in order to parse "11.25.11.53, 17.68.33.17" field
which is delimited by a double quote, a comma, and a space.
.P
.I Note:
In order to get the average, cumulative and maximum time served in GoAccess,
you will need to start logging response times in your web server. In Nginx you
can add
.I $request_time
to your log format, or
.I %D
in Apache.
.P
.I Important:
If multiple time served specifiers are used at the same time, the first option
specified in the format string will take priority over the other specifiers.
.P
GoAccess
.I requires
the following fields:
.IP
.I %h
a valid IPv4/6
.IP
.I %d
a valid date
.IP
.I %r
the request
.SH INTERACTIVE MENU
.IP "F1 or h"
Main help.
.IP "F5"
Redraw main window.
.IP "q"
Quit the program, current window or collapse active module
.IP "o or ENTER"
Expand selected module or open window
.IP "0-9 and Shift + 0"
Set selected module to active
.IP "j"
Scroll down within expanded module
.IP "k"
Scroll up within expanded module
.IP "c"
Set or change scheme color.
.IP "TAB"
Forward iteration of modules. Starts from current active module.
.IP "SHIFT + TAB"
Backward iteration of modules. Starts from current active module.
.IP "^f"
Scroll forward one screen within an active module.
.IP "^b"
Scroll backward one screen within an active module.
.IP "s"
Sort options for active module
.IP "/"
Search across all modules (regex allowed)
.IP "n"
Find the position of the next occurrence across all modules.
.IP "g"
Move to the first item or top of screen.
.IP "G"
Move to the last item or bottom of screen.
.SH EXAMPLES
.I Note:
Piping data into GoAccess won't prompt a log/date/time configuration dialog,
you will need to previously define it in your configuration file or in the
command line.
.SS
DIFFERENT OUTPUTS
.P
To output to a terminal and generate an interactive report:
.IP
# goaccess access.log
.P
To generate an HTML report:
.IP
# goaccess access.log -a -o report.html
.P
To generate a JSON report:
.IP
# goaccess access.log -a -d -o report.json
.P
To generate a CSV file:
.IP
# goaccess access.log --no-csv-summary -o report.csv
.P
GoAccess also allows great flexibility for real-time filtering and parsing. For
instance, to quickly diagnose issues by monitoring logs since goaccess was
started:
.IP
# tail -f access.log | goaccess -
.P
And even better, to filter while maintaining opened a pipe to preserve
real-time analysis, we can make use of
.I tail -f
and
a matching pattern tool such as
.I grep, awk, sed,
etc:
.IP
# tail -f access.log | grep -i --line-buffered 'firefox' | goaccess --log-format=COMBINED -
.P
or to parse from the beginning of the file while maintaining the pipe opened
and applying a filter
.IP
# tail -f -n +0 access.log | grep -i --line-buffered 'firefox' | goaccess --log-format=COMBINED -o report.html --real-time-html -
.SS
MULTIPLE LOG FILES
.P
There are several ways to parse multiple logs with GoAccess. The simplest is to
pass multiple log files to the command line:
.IP
# goaccess access.log access.log.1
.P
It's even possible to parse files from a pipe while reading regular files:
.IP
# cat access.log.2 | goaccess access.log access.log.1 -
.P
.I Note
that the single dash is appended to the command line to let GoAccess know that
it should read from the pipe.
.P
Now if we want to add more flexibility to GoAccess, we can do a series of
pipes. For instance, if we would like to process all compressed log files
.I access.log.*.gz
in addition to the current log file, we can do:
.IP
# zcat access.log.*.gz | goaccess access.log -
.P
.I Note:
On Mac OS X, use gunzip -c instead of zcat.
.SS
REAL TIME HTML OUTPUT
.P
GoAccess has the ability to output real-time data in the HTML report. You can
even email the HTML file since it is composed of a single file with no external
file dependencies, how neat is that!
.P