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Email Testing

Email Testing

In End 2 End testing we need to interact with emails. Email delivery can't tested locally or mocked while testing. That's why for an end to end test you need to use a real emails to be sent and real email address to receive that emails.

Setting up an email server can be hard. So we recommend to use a MailSlurp - a service designed for testing emails. It creates disposable mailboxes and provides you an access to those mailboxes via REST API.

You no longer need to open your gmail account in a browser to check for an email!

Installation

MailSlurp is a commercial service with a free plan available. To start, create an account at MailSlurp and receive API key to use it. Once received install mailslurp helper from npm:

npm i @codeceptjs/mailslurp-helper --save-dev

Then enable a helper in codecept.conf.js:

helpers: {

  MailSlurp: {
    require: '@codeceptjs/mailslurp-helper',
    apiKey: '<apiKeyFromMailSlurp>'
  }
}

After a helper is added, regenerate TypeScript definitions for auto-completion support:

npx codeceptjs def

Creating Mailbox

MailSlurp allows you to create disposable mailboxes. It means that an email address is created for a one test only and is deleted afterwards. So you can be confident that no other emails are received at that address.

To create a mailbox use I.haveNewMailbox() command:

// inside async/await function
const mailbox = await I.haveNewMailbox();

mailbox object contains:

  • id - which is used in next commands
  • emailAddress - randomly generated address of a created mailbox.

See MailSlurp's guide for details.

Mailbox is opened on creation. If you need more than one mailboxes and you want to switch between them use openMailbox method:

const mailbox1 = await I.haveNewMailbox();
const mailbox2 = await I.haveNewMailbox();
// mailbox2 is now default mailbox
// switch back to mailbox1
I.openMailbox(mailbox);

Receiving An Email

A last created mailbox will be activated. It means that it will be used by default to check for emails.

After an action that triggers sending an email is performed on a website you should wait for this email to be received. A timeout for waiting an email can be set globally for a helper or for a one call.

Use waitForLatestEmail function to return the first email from a mailbox:

// to wait for default time (10 secs by default)
I.waitForLatestEmail();

// or specify number of time to wait
I.waitForLatestEmail(30);

To specify the exact email to match use waitForEmailMatching function:

// wait for an email with partial match in subject
I.waitForEmailMatching({ subject: 'Restore password' });

// wait 30 seconds for email with exact subject
I.waitForEmailMatching({ subject: '=Forgot password' }, 30);

// wait a last email from any address @mysite.com
I.waitForEmailMatching({
 from: '@mysite.com', // find anything from mysite
 subject: 'Restore password', // with Restore password in subject
});

Opening An Email

All wait* functions return a matched email as a result. So you can use it in a test:

const email = await I.waitForLatestEmail();

Please note, that we use await to assign email. This should be declared inside async function

An email object contains following fields:

  • subject
  • for
  • to
  • body

So you can analyze them inside a test. For instance, you can extract an URL from email body and open it. This is how we can emulate "click on this link" behavior in email:

// clicking a link in email
const email = await I.waitForLatestEmail();
// extract a link by RegExp
const url = email.body.match(/http(s):\/\/(.*?)\s/)[0];
// open URL
I.amOnPage(url);

Assertions

Assertions are performed on the currently opened email.Email is opened on waitFor email call, however, you can open an exact email by using openEmail function.

const email1 = await I.waitForLatestEmail();
// test proceeds...
const email2 = await I.waitForLatestEmail();
I.openEmail(email1); // open previous email

After opening an email assertion methods are available.

  • seeInEmailSubject
  • seeEmailIsFrom
  • seeInEmailBody
  • dontSeeInEmailBody

And here is an example of their usage:

I.waitForLatestEmail()
I.seeEmailIsFrom('@mysite.com');
I.seeInEmailSubject('Awesome Proposal!');
I.seeInEmailBody('To unsubscribe click here');

More methods are listed in helper's API reference

Listing All Emails

Use grabAllEmailsFromMailbox to get all emails from a current mailbox:

const emails = await I.grabAllEmailsFromMailbox();

Sending an Email

You can also send an email from an active mailbox:

I.sendEmail({
  to: ['[email protected]'],
  subject: 'Hello',
  body: 'World'
});