INSTALL

$Id$


     ==================================================

     SIP Express Router and Kamailio Installation Notes

             http://sip-router.org
			 http://www.kamailio.org

     ==================================================

  Welcome! This is an amazingly flexible, robust
  and secure SIP server built on years of experience in several Open
  Source projects. It's a merge of the SIP Express Router (SER) and the
  Kamailio (OpenSER) products produced by a joint development team. When
  not explicitely mentioned, SIP server refers to any of these two
  applications.

  This memo gives you hints how to set up the SIP server quickly. To 
  understand how SIP server works and how to configure it properly,
  please read the admin's guide available from the http://sip-router.org
  website.

  We also urge you to read latest ISSUES (available from website
  too) and check for potential problems in this release.
  Users of previous releases are encouraged to read NEWS to learn how to move
  to this new SIP server version.
  

Table of Contents
=================

1. SIP Server Flavours
2. Supported Architectures and Requirements
3. Howto Build SIP Server From the Source Distribution
4. Quick-Start Installation Guide
   A) Getting Help
   B) Disclaimers
   C) Quick Start
   D) SIP Server with Persistent Data Storage
5. Troubleshooting



1. SIP Server Flavours
----------------------

The two major SIP server flavours are:
  - SIP Express Router (aka SER)
  - Kamailio (former OpenSER)

Starting with version 3.0.0, the two SIP server flavours are built from
same source code tree.

SER flavor is the one built by default - historically speaking, it is the
first open source SIP server started in 2001. Kamailio forked from SER in
2005 under the initial name OpenSER.

Starting with version 3.1.0 the differences between the two flavours are
very few, Kamailio enabling next compile time flags:
  - internal statistics
  - application server extensions in tm module

Switching between flavours is a matter of 'make' command parameters.

Several installation tutorials for Kamailio are available on the web wiki:
  - http://www.kamailio.org/wiki/


2. Supported Architectures and Requirements
-------------------------------------------

Supported operating systems:
 - Linux (Debian, Ubuntu, Fedora, RedHat, CentOS, OpenSUSE, Gentoo, a.s.o.)
 - FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, Dragonfly BSD
 - Solaris
 - OS/X, Darwin

Partially supported
 - Windows+Cygwin (core + static modules only, no IPv6, no
   TCP, no dynamic modules)

Supported architectures
 - i386, x86_64 (amd64), armv4l, sparc64, powerpc, powerpc64

Experimental architectures:
 - mips1, mips2, sparc32, alpha

(for other architectures the Makefiles might need to be edited)

There are various configuration options defined in the Makefile.


Requirements:

- gcc or icc : gcc >= 2.9x; 3.[12] recommended (it will work with older version
  but it might require some options tweaking for best performance)
- bison or yacc (Berkley yacc)
- flex
- GNU make (on Linux this is the standard "make", on *BSD and Solaris it is
  called "gmake") version >= 3.80 (recommended 3.81).
- sed and tr (used in the makefiles)
- GNU tar ("gtar" on Solaris) and gzip if you want "make tar" to work
- GNU install, BSD install or Solaris install if you want "make
  install", "make bin", "make sunpkg" to work
- libmysqlclient & libz (zlib) if you want Mysql support (the db_mysql module)
- libxml2 if you want to compile the cpl-c (CPL support) or pa (presence) 
   modules
- libradiusclient-ng (> 5.0) if you need radius support (the auth_radius,
  group_radius, uri_radius and avp_radius modules)
- libpq if you need PostgreSQL support (the db_postgres module)
- libexpat if you want the jabber gateway support (the jabber module) or the
  XMPP gateway support
- libxml2 if you want to use the cpl-c (Call Processing Language) or
  the presence modules (presence and pua*)
- libradius-ng -libs and devel headers- if you want to use functionalities
  with radius support - authentication, accounting, group support, etc
- unixodbc - libs and devel headers - if you want UNIXODBC support as
  DB underlayer
- libxmlrpc-c3 - libs and devel headers - if you want to have XML-RPC support
  for the Management interface (MI)
- libperl - libs and devel headers - if you want PERL connector to support
  perl scripting from you config file (perl module)
- libsnmp9 - libs and devel headers - if you want SNMP client functionality 
  (SNMP AgentX subagent) for Kamailio
- libldap libs and devel headers v2.1 or greater - if you want LDAP support
- libconfuse and devel headers - if you want to compile the carrierroute
  module
- libpcre libs and devel headers - if you want to compile the lcr and dialplan
  modules
- libsctp devel headers - if you want to compile the SCTP transport in the core


OS Notes:

 FreeBSD/OpenBSD/NetBSD: make sure gmake, bison or yacc & flex are installed.
  
  FreeBSD 5.4:
  ------------
  If you want to compile all the modules, you will need the following packages:
  - mysql-client-* (any version, install one of the mysql*-client ports) for
    libmysqlclient
  - postgresql-libpqxx-2.4.2_1 (/usr/ports/databases/postgresql-libpqxx) for
    libpq
  - expat-1.95.8 (/usr/ports/textproc/expat2) for libexpat
  - libxml2-2.6.18 (/usr/ports/textproc/libxml2) for libxml2
  - radiusclient-0.4.7 (/usr/ports/net/radiusclient) for libradiusclient-ng 
  NOTE: you'll need to add radiusclient_ng=4 to the gmake command line if you
  use the 0.4.* version.
  
  Compile example (all the modules and SIP server core in a tar.gz):
     gmake bin radiusclient_ng=4 include_modules="mysql jabber cpl-c auth_radius group_radius uri_radius postgres pa"

  OpenBSD 3.7
  -----------
  - mysql-client-4.0.23 (/usr/ports/databases/mysql) for libmysqlclient
  - expat-1.95.6 (/usr/ports/textproc/expat) for libexpat
  - libxml-2.6.16p0 (/usr/ports/textproc/libxml) for libxml2
  - radiusclient-ng-0.5.1 from 
   http://download.berlios.de/radiusclient-ng/radiusclient-ng-0.5.1.tar.gz
   (you need to download and install it, since there is no "official" 
   openbsd port for it) for libradiusclient-ng 

  Compile example (all the modules and SIP server core in a tar.gz):
     gmake bin include_modules="mysql jabber cpl-c auth_radius group_radius uri_radius pa"

  NetBSD 2.0
  ----------
  - mysql-client-4.1.12 (/usr/pkgsrc/databases/mysql4-client) for libmysqlclient
  - expat-1.95.8nb2 (/usr/pkgsrc/textproc/expat) for libexpat
  - libxml2-2.6.19 (/usr/pkgsrc/textproc/libxml2) for libxml2
  - radiusclient-ng-0.5.1 (see OpenBSD)
  
  Compile example (all the modules and SIP server in a tar.gz):
     gmake bin include_modules="mysql jabber cpl-c auth_radius group_radius uri_radius pa"

  Solaris 10
  ----------
  As above; you can use Solaris's yacc instead of bison. You might also
  need gtar and ginstall. If you don't have ginstall you can use Solaris
  install, just make sure it's in the PATH (it's usually in /usr/sbin) and
  add INSTALL=install either to the environment or to the make command line
  (e.g.: gmake INSTALL=install all).
  
  Needed packages:
  [TODO]
  
  Compile example (all the modules and SIP server in a tar.gz):
     gmake bin INSTALL=install include_modules="mysql jabber cpl-c auth_radius group_radius uri_radius postgres pa"

  Linux
  -----
  Needed packages for compiling all the modules:
  * Debian:
      - libmysqlclient-dev for libmysqlclient
      - libpq-dev for libpq
      - libexpat1-dev for libexpat
      - libxml2-dev for libxml2
      - libradiusclient-ng-dev for libradiusclient
	  - other libraries are needed for some other modules,
	    see README of the module you want to use
    Both SER and Kamailio flavours have APT deb repositories that allow you to
	install the binaries easily - see the web sites for more details:
	  - http://iptel.org/ser
	  - http://kamailio.org

 Cygwin  (alpha state, partial support)
 --------------------------------------
 make sure make, bison, flex, minires and minires-devel (needed for the
 resolver functions) are installed.
 
 Only building SIP server's core and some static modules is supported for now.
 Stuff known not to work:
           - IPv6 (cygwin doesn't support it yet)
           - TCP (the tcp code heavily depends on file descriptor passing 
             between processes, which is not yet supported by cygwin)
           - dynamic modules (non statically linked -- not supported because
             backlinking doesn't work in windows by design)


  Compile example (all the modules and SIP server in a tar.gz):
     make bin include_modules="mysql jabber cpl-c auth_radius group_radius uri_radius postgres pa"


3. Howto Build SIP Server From Source Distribution
-------------------------------------------

(NOTE: if make doesn't work try gmake  instead)

A) Set SIP Server Flavour

If you don't have a clean source tree, first do:
   make proper

To build SER flavour, you don't need to do anything special, continue to
read the section 3.B).

To build Kamailio flavour, you have to run first:
   make FLAVOUR=kamailio cfg

The parameter 'FLAVOUR=kamailio' must be given all the time when make target
is 'cfg'.

B) Build Commands

  SIP server is split in four main parts: The core, the modules, the
  utilties, and scripts/examples.  When you build, you can decide to build
  only the core, the modules, both, or all.

* Compile SIP server core only:
	make

Compile modules except some explicitly excepted (see below)
	make modules  - all modules in the modules/ directory (common modules)
	make modules_s - all modules in the modules_s/ directory (ser modules)
	make modules_k - all modules in the modules_k/ directory (kamailio modules)
	make modules-all or make every-module  - all the modules (modules, modules_s
                                         and module_k)

* Compile all:
	make all

* Explicitly excepted modules:
  By default make all will not build modules that require external libraries or
  that are considered to be "experimental". For example, modules that have external
  dependencies are: db_mysql, jabber, cpl-c, auth_radius, group_radius, uri_radius,
  avp_radius, db_postgres, db_berkely, carrierroute, ...

Including groups of modules:
  Instead of compiling the default modules only, you can specify groups of
  modules to include, according to their status:
  - standard - Modules in this group are considered a standard part of SIP server
    (due to widespread usage) but they have no dependencies (note that some of
	these interplay with external systems.
    However, they don't have compile or link dependencies).

  - db - Modules in this group use databases and need a database driver to run.
    Included are drivers for the text mode db (dbtext) and for dumping
    large ammount of data to files (db_flatstore). See also the mysql or
    postgres groups.

  - standard_dep -  Modules in this group are considered a standard part of SIP
    server(due to widespread usage)
    but they have dependencies that most be satisfied for compilation.
    NOTE! All presence modules (dialog, pa, presence_b2b, rls, xcap) have been
	included in this group due to interdependencies

  - stable - Modules in this group satisfy specific or niche applications,
    but are considered stable for production use. They may or may not have
	dependencies

  - experimental - Modules in this group are either not complete, untested, or
    without enough reports of usage to allow the module into the stable group.
	They may or may not have dependencies.

There is another set of groups mainly used by Kamailio flavour, where modules
are grouped based on Debian packaging rules. For example:
   - kstandard - Kamailio flavour's standard modules

   - kpresence - Kamailio flavour's SIMPLE presence server modules

* To compile core with standard modules:
	make group_include="standard" all

* To compile all modules (provided you have all the required libraries installed) use:
	make group_include="standard standard-dep stable experimental" all

  There are also in addition some "convenience" groups:

	mysql 		- Include all the db modules dependent and the mysql db driver
	postgres 	- Include all the db modules and the postgres db driver
	radius 		- Include all modules on radiusclient
	presence 	- Include all the presence modules

  Ex. to make a standard installation with Mysql, use:
	make group_include="standard mysql" all

  In addition to group_include (or instead), you can use 
	include_modules="modA modB"
  to specify exactly the modules you want to include, ex.
	make include_modules="mymodule" modules

  You can also explicitly skip modules using skip_modules. Let's say you want all
  the standard and standard-dep modules except domain:
	make group_include="standard standard-dep" skip_modules="domain" all

  NOTE!!! As this mechanism is very powerful, you may be uncertain which
  modules that will be included. Just replace all (or modules) with print-modules
  and you will see which modules will be included and excluded, ex:
	make print-modules
  will show which modules are excluded by default.

  If you want to install or to build a binary package (a tar.gz with
  SIP server core and the modules), substitute "all" in the above command with
  "install" or "bin".


* More compile examples:

  - compile with profiling
	make PROFILE=-pg all
  - compile debug mode version
	make mode=debug all
  - compile debug version with profiling
	make mode=debug PROFILE=-pg all
  - compile only the print module
	make modules=modules/print modules
  - compile by default only the print module, in debuging mode and with 
    profiling:
	make cfg modules=modules/print mode=debug PROFILE=-pg
	make all
  - change & save the  modules list without rebuilding the whole config
    (so that already compiled modules won't be re-compiled by 
    make all/make modules):
	make modules-cfg include_modules="mysql postgress"
  - change only the compile/build options, without changing the modules list:
	make cfg-defs CPU=ultrasparc PROFILE=-pg
  - compile by default all the usual modules + mysql and postgres, optimized 
     for pentium-m and for space (saves both the build options and the module 
     list)
	make cfg include_modules="mysql postgres" CPU=pentium-m CC_EXTRA_OPTS=-Os
	make all
   - compile all the "default" modules except textops and vm
	make skip_modules="textops vm" modules
   - save the above option in the make config, so that all make commands
     will use it by default:
	make cfg skip_modules="textops vm"
   - compile all default modules and include uri_radius (not compiled by default):
	make include_modules="uri_radius" modules
   - compile all the modules from the modules subdirectory (even the one excluded
     by default):
	make exclude_modules="" modules
   - compile all the modules from the modules subdirectory excluding vm:
	make exclude_modules=vm modules
     or
	make exclude_modules="" skip_modules=vm modules
   - compile with the "tm" module statically linked and with profiling
	make static_modules=tm PROFILE=-pg all
   - compile with gcc-3.2 instead of gcc
	make CC=gcc-3.2 all
     or
	CC=gcc-3.2 make all

Make targets:
=============

Configure:
----------

  * make cfg or make config - force config and module list regeneration
  

  Example: 
	make cfg include_modules=mysql mode=debug
  All future make invocations will include the mysql module and will build in debug mode

  Note: if config.mak doesn't exist (e.g. initial checkout or after a make 
  proper) or if Makefile.defs was changed, the config will be re-generated
  automatically by the first make command. For example:
  	make cfg  include_modules=db_mysql; make all
  is equivalent to 
 	rm config.mak modules.lst; make include_modules=db_mysql.

  * make cfg-defs  (force config regeneration, but don't touch the module list)

  Example:
	make cfg-defs CPU=ultrasparc CC_EXTRA_OPTS=-Os PROFILE=-pg

	make modules-cfg
  or
	make modules-list
  saves the module list, without regenerating the build config
  Example:
	make modules-list include_modules="tls" skip_modules="print"

Clean:
------

  * make clean   	- clean the base and modules too
  * make proper  	- clean also the dependencies and the config, but not the module list
  * make distclean 	- the same as proper
  * make maintainer-clean - clean everything, including make's config, saved 
  			  module list, auto generated files, tags, *.dbg a.s.o
  * make clean-all	- clean all the modules in modules/*
  * make proper-all 	- like make proper but for all the  modules in modules/*

  Config clean:

  * make clean-cfg (cleans the compile config)
  * make clean-modules-cfg (cleans the modules list)

  Reduced" clean:

  * make local-clean  	- cleans only the core, no libs, utils or modules
  * make clean-modules  - like make clean, but cleans only the modules
  * make clean-libs     - like make clean, but cleans only the libs
  * make clean-utils    - like make clean, but cleans only the utils
  * make proper-modules - like make proper, but only for modules
  * make proper-libs    - like make proper, but only for libs
  * make proper-utils   - like make proper, but only for utils

Compile:
--------
  * make proper
  optional: make cfg  <various cfg. options that should be saved>
  * make
  or gmake on non-Linux systems
  * make modules 
  or make modules exclude_modules="CVS print" etc.

Other make targets:
-------------------
  Make tags:
	make TAGS

  Create a tar.gz with the sources (in ../):
	make tar

  Create a tar.gz with the binary distribution (in ../):
	make bin

  Create a gzipped solaris package (in ../):
	make sunpkg

  Create debian packages (in ../):
	make deb

  or
	dpkg-buildpackage

Documentation:
--------------

  Regenerate the README for all the "default" modules (include_modules,
  skip_modules a.s.o can be used to alter the module list).
	make README

  Generates a manpage for all the modules that support it (.xml file in the
  module directory).
	make man

  Generates README file for modules_k/foo.
	make modules=modules_k/foo modules-readme

Install:
--------

	make prefix=/usr/local  install

  Note: If you use prefix parameter in make install then you also need
  to use this parameter in previous make commands, i.e. make, make modules,
  or make all. If you fail to do this then SIP Router will look for the default
  configuration file in a wrong directory, because the directory of the
  default configuration file is hard coded into SIP server during compile time. 
  When you use a different prefix parameter when installing then the 
  directory hard coded in SIP server and the directory in which the file will be 
  installed by make install will not match. (You can specify exact location
  of the configuration file using -f parameter of SIP server).

  For example, if you do the following:
	make all
	make prefix=/ install

  Then the installation will put the default configuration file into
  /etc/ser/ser.cfg or /etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg (because prefix is /),
  but SIP server will look for the file in /usr/local/etc/ser/ser.cfg or
  /usr/local/etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg (because there was no prefix parameter
  make all and /usr/local is the default value of prefix).

  Workaround is trivial, use the same parameters in all make commands:
	make prefix=/ all
	make prefix=/ install
  or save the desired prefix in the make config (e.g.: make cfg prefix=/).

  That applies to other make parameters as well (for example parameters
  "modules" or "excluded_modules").


3. Quick-Start Installation Guide
----------------------------------------------

A) Getting Help

  This guide gives you instructions on how to set up the SIP server
  (SER or Kamailio) on your box quickly. In case the default configuration
  does not fly, please check the documentation at the SIP server web site
  http://sip-router.org to learn how to configure SIP server for your site.

  If the documentation does not resolve your problem you may try contacting 
  our user forum by E-mail at sr-users@lists.sip-router.org -- that is the
  mailing list of the SIP server community. To participate in the mailing list,
  please subscribe at the following web address:

  http://lists.sip-router.org/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo

B) Disclaimers
 
  Note well the default "quick-start" configuration is very simple in order 
  to be easily installable. It provides minimum features. Particularly, 
  authentication is by default disabled, which means anyone can register using
  any name with the server. (This is on purpose to avoid installation 
  dependencies on a database, which is needed for storing user credentials.)

C) Quick Start

  The following step-by step guide gives you instructions how to install the 
  SQL-free distribution of SIP server. If you need persistence and
  authentication, then you have to install additional database support --
  proceed to section D) after you are finished with C).

  1) Download an RPM or debian package from site

    ****** site not available yet

  If you don't use an rpm or debian based distribution, try our tar.gz'ed
  binaries

  ******* not available yet

  If you use Solaris 8 you can try our solaris package.
  If you use Gentoo Linux you do not have to download a package.

2) Install the package
	RPM:
    		rpm -i <package_name>
	debian:
    		dpkg -i <package_name>
	gentoo:
    		emerge ser
			  or
			emerge kamailio
		(or if use only stable packets: ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge ser
		or ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="~x86" emerge kamailio)
	tar.gz:
    		cd /; tar zxvf <package_name>_os_arch.tar.gz
    		(it will install in /usr/local/, and the configuration file in
     		/usr/local/etc/ser/ser.cfg or /usr/local/etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg)
	Solaris:
    		gunzip <package_name>.gz ; pkgadd -d <package_name>
	*BSD:
    		pkg_add package_name
    
3) Start the server

	RPM + gentoo:
    		/etc/init.d/ser start
			  or
    		/etc/init.d/kamailio start
	debian:
    		SER or Kamailio is started automatically after the install
    		(in case something fails you can start it with '/etc/init.d/ser start'
			or '/etc/init.d/kamailio start')
	tar.gz:
	Solaris:
    		the tar.gz does not include an init.d script, you'll have to create one of
    		your own or adapt one from the source distribution (pkg/debian/init.d,
    		pkg/rpm/ser.init.*, pkg/gentoo/ser.init, pkg/kamailio/rpm/kamailio.init,
			pkg/kamailio/deb/debian/kamailio.init, a.s.o.)
    		You can start SIP server directly with /usr/local/sbin/ser or
			/usr/local/sbin/kamailio.
    
4) optionally, watch server's health using the
   	serctl or kamctl utility

    - to do so, first set the environment variable SIP_DOMAIN to your domain 
      name, e.g., in Bourne shell, call
        export SIP_DOMAIN="myserver.foobar.com"
	- if you are using other than 'localhost' mysql server for maintaining
	  subscriber database, change the variable 'SQL_HOST' to the proper
	  host name in the serctl script
    - run the serctl utility
        /usr/sbin/serctl moni
      or
        /usr/sbin/kamctl moni
      or
        /usr/local/sbin/serctl moni (if you installed SER flavour from a tar.gz
		or solaris package)
      or
        /usr/local/sbin/kamctl moni (if you installed Kamailio flavour from a
		tar.gz or solaris package)

5) Connect SIP phones

  Register with the server using your favorite SIP User Agent. You may want to look 
  at configuration hints for use of various clients on iptel.org site at
     http://www.iptel.org/phpBB/viewforum.php?forum=1&8

  In most cases, you need to set the following options:

	Proxy server:	host name of your server
	Domain:		the sip domain your server is configured to handle
	User name:	the account name for your device
	Auth user:	the ID used for authentication
	Secret/Password:	The configured authentication password

D) SIP Server with Persistent Data Storage
------------------------------------------

  The default configuration is very simple and features many simplifications. 
  In particular, it does not authenticate users and loses User Location database 
  on reboot. To provide persistence, keep user credentials and remember users' 
  locations across reboots, SIP server can be configured to use a database, like MySQL. 
  Before you proceed, you need to make sure MySQL is installed on your box. Your
  MySQL server must be configured to deal with a large number of
  connection. To increase it, set the following line in [mysqld] section
  of your my.ini configuration file:

   set-variable    = max_connections=500

1) Download the package containing mysql support for SIP server from: 
    
    **** site not available yet

    (rpm and deb provided, most of the binary tar.gz distributions and the 
     solaris package include it; if it is not present you'll have to rebuild
     from the source).
	For gentoo please include 'mysql' to your USE variable in /etc/make.conf
	or give it as variable to the emerge command.

2) install the package
    rpm -i <package_name>
    or
    dpkg -i <package_name>
	or
	emerge ser
	or
	emerge kamailio
	(if do not want to put 'mysql' into your USE variable you can type:
	 USE="mysql" emerge ser)

3.1) create MySQL tables for SER flavour
	- if you have a previously installed SER on your system, use
    	/usr/sbin/ser_mysql.sh reinstall 
	  to convert your SER database into new structures
	- otherwise, if this is your very first installation, use
    	/usr/sbin/ser_mysql.sh create
	  to create SER database structures
   (you will be prompted for password of MySql "root" user)

3.2) create MySQL tables for Kamailio flavour
	- if you have a previously installed Kamailio on your system, use
    	/usr/sbin/kamdbctl reinstall 
	  to convert your Kamailio database into new structures
	- otherwise, if this is your very first installation, use
    	/usr/sbin/kamdbctl create
	  to create Kamailio database structures
   (you will be prompted for password of MySql "root" user)

4) configure SIP server to use SQL
    uncomment all lines in configuration file ser.cfg or kamilio.cfg which are
	related to authentication:
    - loadmodule "db_mysql.so"
    - loadmodule "auth.so"
    - loadmodule "auth_db.so"
    - modparam("usrloc", "db_mode", 2)
    - modparam("auth", "calculate_ha1", yes)
    - modparam("auth_db", "password_column", "password")
    - if (!www_authorize("sip-router.org", "subscriber")) {
        www_challenge("sip-router.org", "0"); 
        break;
      }

5) be sure to replace realm, the first parameter in www_* actions, 
   with name of your server; some broken UAC implementations don't 
   authenticate otherwise; the authentication command in your
   configuration script should look then like this:
      if (!www_authorize("myserver.foobar.com", "subscriber")) {
        www_challenge("myserver.foobar.com", "0"); 
        break;
      }

6) restart the server
    /etc/init.d/ser restart
	  or
    /etc/init.d/kamailio restart

7) you can now start  managing the server using the serctl or kamctl utility; 
   you need to first set the environment variable SIP_DOMAIN to your 
   local SIP realm, e.g.,
       export SIP_DOMAIN="myserver.foobar.com"

   a) watch the server status using 'serctl moni' or 'kamctl moni'
   b) try to login with your SIP client as user 'admin' with password 'heslo'
   c) try adding new users using 
       'serctl add <name> <password> <email>'
	     or
       'kamctl add <username> <password>'


4. Troubleshooting
------------------

Q: Windows Messenger authentication fails. 

A: The most likely reason for this problem is a bug in Windows Messenger. 
WM only authenticates if server name in request URI equals authentication 
realm. After a challenge is sent by SIP server, WM does not resubmit the 
challenged request at all and pops up authentication window again. If you 
want to authenticate WM, you need to set up your realm value to equal server 
name. If your server has no name, IP address can be used as realm too.

Q: SIP requests are replied by SIP server with "483 Too Many Hops" or 
   "513 Message Too Large"

A: In both cases, the reason is probably an error in request routing script 
   which caused an infinite loop. You can easily verify whether this happens 
   by watching SIP traffic on loopback interface. A typical reason for
   misrouting is a failure to match local domain correctly. If a server
   fails to recognize a request for itself, it will try to forward it to
   current URI in believe it would forward them to a foreign
   domain. Alas, it forwards the request to itself again. This continues
   to happen until value of max_forwards header field reaches zero or
   the request grows too big. Solutions is easy: make sure that domain
   matching is correctly configured. A quick way to achieve that is to
   introduce a config option to ser.cfg or kamailio.cfg: alias=domainname,
   where domainname shall be replaced with name of domain, which you wish to
   server and which appears in request-URIs.