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fio.c
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/*
* fio - the flexible io tester
*
* Copyright (C) 2005 Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
* Copyright (C) 2006 Jens Axboe <[email protected]>
*
* The license below covers all files distributed with fio unless otherwise
* noted in the file itself.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
*/
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include "fio.h"
unsigned long page_mask;
unsigned long page_size;
#define ALIGN(buf) \
(char *) (((unsigned long) (buf) + page_mask) & ~page_mask)
int groupid = 0;
int thread_number = 0;
int nr_process = 0;
int nr_thread = 0;
int shm_id = 0;
int temp_stall_ts;
static struct fio_sem *startup_sem;
static volatile int fio_abort;
static int exit_value;
struct io_log *agg_io_log[2];
#define TERMINATE_ALL (-1)
#define JOB_START_TIMEOUT (5 * 1000)
static inline void td_set_runstate(struct thread_data *td, int runstate)
{
td->runstate = runstate;
}
static void terminate_threads(int group_id)
{
struct thread_data *td;
int i;
for_each_td(td, i) {
if (group_id == TERMINATE_ALL || groupid == td->groupid) {
/*
* if the thread is running, just let it exit
*/
if (td->runstate < TD_RUNNING)
kill(td->pid, SIGQUIT);
td->terminate = 1;
td->o.start_delay = 0;
}
}
}
static void sig_handler(int sig)
{
switch (sig) {
case SIGALRM:
update_io_ticks();
disk_util_timer_arm();
print_thread_status();
break;
default:
printf("\nfio: terminating on signal %d\n", sig);
fflush(stdout);
terminate_threads(TERMINATE_ALL);
break;
}
}
/*
* Check if we are above the minimum rate given.
*/
static int check_min_rate(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *now)
{
unsigned long long bytes = 0;
unsigned long iops = 0;
unsigned long spent;
unsigned long rate;
/*
* No minimum rate set, always ok
*/
if (!td->o.ratemin && !td->o.rate_iops_min)
return 0;
/*
* allow a 2 second settle period in the beginning
*/
if (mtime_since(&td->start, now) < 2000)
return 0;
if (td_read(td)) {
iops += td->io_blocks[DDIR_READ];
bytes += td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_READ];
}
if (td_write(td)) {
iops += td->io_blocks[DDIR_WRITE];
bytes += td->this_io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE];
}
/*
* if rate blocks is set, sample is running
*/
if (td->rate_bytes || td->rate_blocks) {
spent = mtime_since(&td->lastrate, now);
if (spent < td->o.ratecycle)
return 0;
if (td->o.rate) {
/*
* check bandwidth specified rate
*/
if (bytes < td->rate_bytes) {
log_err("%s: min rate %u not met\n", td->o.name, td->o.ratemin);
return 1;
} else {
rate = (bytes - td->rate_bytes) / spent;
if (rate < td->o.ratemin || bytes < td->rate_bytes) {
log_err("%s: min rate %u not met, got %luKiB/sec\n", td->o.name, td->o.ratemin, rate);
return 1;
}
}
} else {
/*
* checks iops specified rate
*/
if (iops < td->o.rate_iops) {
log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met\n", td->o.name, td->o.rate_iops);
return 1;
} else {
rate = (iops - td->rate_blocks) / spent;
if (rate < td->o.rate_iops_min || iops < td->rate_blocks) {
log_err("%s: min iops rate %u not met, got %lu\n", td->o.name, td->o.rate_iops_min, rate);
}
}
}
}
td->rate_bytes = bytes;
td->rate_blocks = iops;
memcpy(&td->lastrate, now, sizeof(*now));
return 0;
}
static inline int runtime_exceeded(struct thread_data *td, struct timeval *t)
{
if (!td->o.timeout)
return 0;
if (mtime_since(&td->epoch, t) >= td->o.timeout * 1000)
return 1;
return 0;
}
/*
* When job exits, we can cancel the in-flight IO if we are using async
* io. Attempt to do so.
*/
static void cleanup_pending_aio(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct list_head *entry, *n;
struct io_u *io_u;
int r;
/*
* get immediately available events, if any
*/
r = io_u_queued_complete(td, 0);
if (r < 0)
return;
/*
* now cancel remaining active events
*/
if (td->io_ops->cancel) {
list_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_busylist) {
io_u = list_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
/*
* if the io_u isn't in flight, then that generally
* means someone leaked an io_u. complain but fix
* it up, so we don't stall here.
*/
if ((io_u->flags & IO_U_F_FLIGHT) == 0) {
log_err("fio: non-busy IO on busy list\n");
put_io_u(td, io_u);
} else {
r = td->io_ops->cancel(td, io_u);
if (!r)
put_io_u(td, io_u);
}
}
}
if (td->cur_depth)
r = io_u_queued_complete(td, td->cur_depth);
}
/*
* Helper to handle the final sync of a file. Works just like the normal
* io path, just does everything sync.
*/
static int fio_io_sync(struct thread_data *td, struct fio_file *f)
{
struct io_u *io_u = __get_io_u(td);
int ret;
if (!io_u)
return 1;
io_u->ddir = DDIR_SYNC;
io_u->file = f;
if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
put_io_u(td, io_u);
return 1;
}
requeue:
ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
if (ret < 0) {
td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
put_io_u(td, io_u);
return 1;
} else if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED) {
if (io_u_queued_complete(td, 1) < 0)
return 1;
} else if (ret == FIO_Q_COMPLETED) {
if (io_u->error) {
td_verror(td, io_u->error, "td_io_queue");
return 1;
}
if (io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u) < 0)
return 1;
} else if (ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
if (td_io_commit(td))
return 1;
goto requeue;
}
return 0;
}
/*
* The main verify engine. Runs over the writes we previously submitted,
* reads the blocks back in, and checks the crc/md5 of the data.
*/
static void do_verify(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct fio_file *f;
struct io_u *io_u;
int ret, min_events;
unsigned int i;
/*
* sync io first and invalidate cache, to make sure we really
* read from disk.
*/
for_each_file(td, f, i) {
if (!(f->flags & FIO_FILE_OPEN))
continue;
if (fio_io_sync(td, f))
break;
if (file_invalidate_cache(td, f))
break;
}
if (td->error)
return;
td_set_runstate(td, TD_VERIFYING);
io_u = NULL;
while (!td->terminate) {
int ret2;
io_u = __get_io_u(td);
if (!io_u)
break;
if (runtime_exceeded(td, &io_u->start_time)) {
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
if (get_next_verify(td, io_u)) {
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
if (td_io_prep(td, io_u)) {
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
io_u->end_io = verify_io_u;
ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
switch (ret) {
case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
if (io_u->error)
ret = -io_u->error;
else if (io_u->resid) {
int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
/*
* zero read, fail
*/
if (!bytes) {
td_verror(td, ENODATA, "full resid");
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
io_u->offset += bytes;
if (io_u->offset == io_u->file->real_file_size)
goto sync_done;
requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
} else {
sync_done:
ret = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
if (ret < 0)
break;
}
continue;
case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
break;
case FIO_Q_BUSY:
requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
if (ret2 < 0)
ret = ret2;
break;
default:
assert(ret < 0);
td_verror(td, -ret, "td_io_queue");
break;
}
if (ret < 0 || td->error)
break;
/*
* if we can queue more, do so. but check if there are
* completed io_u's first.
*/
min_events = 0;
if (queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
min_events = 1;
if (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low)
min_events = td->cur_depth - td->o.iodepth_low;
}
/*
* Reap required number of io units, if any, and do the
* verification on them through the callback handler
*/
if (io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events) < 0)
break;
}
if (!td->error) {
min_events = td->cur_depth;
if (min_events)
ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_events);
} else
cleanup_pending_aio(td);
td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
}
/*
* Main IO worker function. It retrieves io_u's to process and queues
* and reaps them, checking for rate and errors along the way.
*/
static void do_io(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct timeval s;
unsigned long usec;
unsigned int i;
int ret = 0;
td_set_runstate(td, TD_RUNNING);
while ((td->this_io_bytes[0] + td->this_io_bytes[1]) < td->o.size) {
struct timeval comp_time;
long bytes_done = 0;
int min_evts = 0;
struct io_u *io_u;
int ret2;
if (td->terminate)
break;
io_u = get_io_u(td);
if (!io_u)
break;
memcpy(&s, &io_u->start_time, sizeof(s));
if (runtime_exceeded(td, &s)) {
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
ret = td_io_queue(td, io_u);
switch (ret) {
case FIO_Q_COMPLETED:
if (io_u->error)
ret = -io_u->error;
else if (io_u->resid) {
int bytes = io_u->xfer_buflen - io_u->resid;
/*
* zero read, fail
*/
if (!bytes) {
td_verror(td, ENODATA, "full resid");
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
io_u->xfer_buflen = io_u->resid;
io_u->xfer_buf += bytes;
io_u->offset += bytes;
if (io_u->offset == io_u->file->real_file_size)
goto sync_done;
requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
} else {
sync_done:
fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
bytes_done = io_u_sync_complete(td, io_u);
if (bytes_done < 0)
ret = bytes_done;
}
break;
case FIO_Q_QUEUED:
/*
* if the engine doesn't have a commit hook,
* the io_u is really queued. if it does have such
* a hook, it has to call io_u_queued() itself.
*/
if (td->io_ops->commit == NULL)
io_u_queued(td, io_u);
break;
case FIO_Q_BUSY:
requeue_io_u(td, &io_u);
ret2 = td_io_commit(td);
if (ret2 < 0)
ret = ret2;
break;
default:
assert(ret < 0);
put_io_u(td, io_u);
break;
}
if (ret < 0 || td->error)
break;
/*
* See if we need to complete some commands
*/
if (ret == FIO_Q_QUEUED || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
min_evts = 0;
if (queue_full(td) || ret == FIO_Q_BUSY) {
min_evts = 1;
if (td->cur_depth > td->o.iodepth_low)
min_evts = td->cur_depth - td->o.iodepth_low;
}
fio_gettime(&comp_time, NULL);
bytes_done = io_u_queued_complete(td, min_evts);
if (bytes_done < 0)
break;
}
if (!bytes_done)
continue;
/*
* the rate is batched for now, it should work for batches
* of completions except the very first one which may look
* a little bursty
*/
usec = utime_since(&s, &comp_time);
rate_throttle(td, usec, bytes_done);
if (check_min_rate(td, &comp_time)) {
if (exitall_on_terminate)
terminate_threads(td->groupid);
td_verror(td, ENODATA, "check_min_rate");
break;
}
if (td->o.thinktime) {
unsigned long long b;
b = td->io_blocks[0] + td->io_blocks[1];
if (!(b % td->o.thinktime_blocks)) {
int left;
if (td->o.thinktime_spin)
__usec_sleep(td->o.thinktime_spin);
left = td->o.thinktime - td->o.thinktime_spin;
if (left)
usec_sleep(td, left);
}
}
}
if (!td->error) {
struct fio_file *f;
i = td->cur_depth;
if (i)
ret = io_u_queued_complete(td, i);
if (should_fsync(td) && td->o.end_fsync) {
td_set_runstate(td, TD_FSYNCING);
for_each_file(td, f, i) {
if (!(f->flags & FIO_FILE_OPEN))
continue;
fio_io_sync(td, f);
}
}
} else
cleanup_pending_aio(td);
}
static void cleanup_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct list_head *entry, *n;
struct io_u *io_u;
list_for_each_safe(entry, n, &td->io_u_freelist) {
io_u = list_entry(entry, struct io_u, list);
list_del(&io_u->list);
free(io_u);
}
free_io_mem(td);
}
/*
* "randomly" fill the buffer contents
*/
static void fill_rand_buf(struct io_u *io_u, int max_bs)
{
int *ptr = io_u->buf;
while ((void *) ptr - io_u->buf < max_bs) {
*ptr = rand() * 0x9e370001;
ptr++;
}
}
static int init_io_u(struct thread_data *td)
{
unsigned long long buf_size;
struct io_u *io_u;
unsigned int max_bs;
int i, max_units;
char *p;
if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_SYNCIO)
max_units = 1;
else
max_units = td->o.iodepth;
max_bs = max(td->o.max_bs[DDIR_READ], td->o.max_bs[DDIR_WRITE]);
buf_size = (unsigned long long) max_bs * (unsigned long long) max_units;
buf_size += page_mask;
if (buf_size != (size_t) buf_size) {
log_err("fio: IO memory too large. Reduce max_bs or iodepth\n");
return 1;
}
td->orig_buffer_size = buf_size;
if (td->o.mem_type == MEM_SHMHUGE || td->o.mem_type == MEM_MMAPHUGE)
td->orig_buffer_size = (td->orig_buffer_size + td->o.hugepage_size - 1) & ~(td->o.hugepage_size - 1);
else if (td->orig_buffer_size & page_mask)
td->orig_buffer_size = (td->orig_buffer_size + page_mask) & ~page_mask;
if (allocate_io_mem(td))
return 1;
p = ALIGN(td->orig_buffer);
for (i = 0; i < max_units; i++) {
io_u = malloc(sizeof(*io_u));
memset(io_u, 0, sizeof(*io_u));
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&io_u->list);
io_u->buf = p + max_bs * i;
if (td_write(td) || td_rw(td))
fill_rand_buf(io_u, max_bs);
io_u->index = i;
io_u->flags = IO_U_F_FREE;
list_add(&io_u->list, &td->io_u_freelist);
}
io_u_init_timeout();
return 0;
}
static int switch_ioscheduler(struct thread_data *td)
{
char tmp[256], tmp2[128];
FILE *f;
int ret;
if (td->io_ops->flags & FIO_DISKLESSIO)
return 0;
sprintf(tmp, "%s/queue/scheduler", td->sysfs_root);
f = fopen(tmp, "r+");
if (!f) {
td_verror(td, errno, "fopen");
return 1;
}
/*
* Set io scheduler.
*/
ret = fwrite(td->o.ioscheduler, strlen(td->o.ioscheduler), 1, f);
if (ferror(f) || ret != 1) {
td_verror(td, errno, "fwrite");
fclose(f);
return 1;
}
rewind(f);
/*
* Read back and check that the selected scheduler is now the default.
*/
ret = fread(tmp, 1, sizeof(tmp), f);
if (ferror(f) || ret < 0) {
td_verror(td, errno, "fread");
fclose(f);
return 1;
}
sprintf(tmp2, "[%s]", td->o.ioscheduler);
if (!strstr(tmp, tmp2)) {
log_err("fio: io scheduler %s not found\n", td->o.ioscheduler);
td_verror(td, EINVAL, "iosched_switch");
fclose(f);
return 1;
}
fclose(f);
return 0;
}
static int clear_io_state(struct thread_data *td)
{
struct fio_file *f;
unsigned int i;
int ret;
td->ts.stat_io_bytes[0] = td->ts.stat_io_bytes[1] = 0;
td->this_io_bytes[0] = td->this_io_bytes[1] = 0;
td->zone_bytes = 0;
td->rate_bytes = 0;
td->rate_blocks = 0;
td->rw_end_set[0] = td->rw_end_set[1] = 0;
td->last_was_sync = 0;
for_each_file(td, f, i)
td_io_close_file(td, f);
ret = 0;
for_each_file(td, f, i) {
ret = td_io_open_file(td, f);
if (ret)
break;
}
return ret;
}
/*
* Entry point for the thread based jobs. The process based jobs end up
* here as well, after a little setup.
*/
static void *thread_main(void *data)
{
unsigned long long runtime[2];
struct thread_data *td = data;
unsigned long elapsed;
int clear_state;
if (!td->o.use_thread)
setsid();
td->pid = getpid();
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_freelist);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_busylist);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_u_requeues);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_log_list);
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&td->io_hist_list);
td->io_hist_tree = RB_ROOT;
if (init_io_u(td))
goto err_sem;
if (fio_setaffinity(td) == -1) {
td_verror(td, errno, "cpu_set_affinity");
goto err_sem;
}
if (init_iolog(td))
goto err_sem;
if (td->ioprio) {
if (ioprio_set(IOPRIO_WHO_PROCESS, 0, td->ioprio) == -1) {
td_verror(td, errno, "ioprio_set");
goto err_sem;
}
}
if (nice(td->o.nice) == -1) {
td_verror(td, errno, "nice");
goto err_sem;
}
if (td->o.ioscheduler && switch_ioscheduler(td))
goto err_sem;
td_set_runstate(td, TD_INITIALIZED);
fio_sem_up(startup_sem);
fio_sem_down(td->mutex);
/*
* the ->mutex semaphore is now no longer used, close it to avoid
* eating a file descriptor
*/
fio_sem_remove(td->mutex);
if (!td->o.create_serialize && setup_files(td))
goto err;
if (td_io_init(td))
goto err;
if (open_files(td))
goto err;
if (init_random_map(td))
goto err;
if (td->o.exec_prerun) {
if (system(td->o.exec_prerun) < 0)
goto err;
}
fio_gettime(&td->epoch, NULL);
memcpy(&td->timeout_end, &td->epoch, sizeof(td->epoch));
getrusage(RUSAGE_SELF, &td->ts.ru_start);
runtime[0] = runtime[1] = 0;
clear_state = 0;
while (td->o.loops--) {
fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
memcpy(&td->ts.stat_sample_time, &td->start, sizeof(td->start));
if (td->o.ratemin)
memcpy(&td->lastrate, &td->ts.stat_sample_time, sizeof(td->lastrate));
if (clear_state && clear_io_state(td))
break;
prune_io_piece_log(td);
do_io(td);
clear_state = 1;
if (td_read(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_READ]) {
if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_READ])
elapsed = utime_since(&td->start, &td->rw_end[DDIR_READ]);
else
elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
runtime[DDIR_READ] += elapsed;
}
if (td_write(td) && td->io_bytes[DDIR_WRITE]) {
if (td->rw_end_set[DDIR_WRITE])
elapsed = utime_since(&td->start, &td->rw_end[DDIR_WRITE]);
else
elapsed = utime_since_now(&td->start);
runtime[DDIR_WRITE] += elapsed;
}
if (td->error || td->terminate)
break;
if (td->o.verify == VERIFY_NONE)
continue;
if (clear_io_state(td))
break;
fio_gettime(&td->start, NULL);
do_verify(td);
runtime[DDIR_READ] += utime_since_now(&td->start);
if (td->error || td->terminate)
break;
}
update_rusage_stat(td);
td->ts.runtime[0] = runtime[0] / 1000;
td->ts.runtime[1] = runtime[1] / 1000;
td->ts.total_run_time = mtime_since_now(&td->epoch);
td->ts.io_bytes[0] = td->io_bytes[0];
td->ts.io_bytes[1] = td->io_bytes[1];
if (td->ts.bw_log)
finish_log(td, td->ts.bw_log, "bw");
if (td->ts.slat_log)
finish_log(td, td->ts.slat_log, "slat");
if (td->ts.clat_log)
finish_log(td, td->ts.clat_log, "clat");
if (td->o.write_iolog_file)
write_iolog_close(td);
if (td->o.exec_postrun) {
if (system(td->o.exec_postrun) < 0)
log_err("fio: postrun %s failed\n", td->o.exec_postrun);
}
if (exitall_on_terminate)
terminate_threads(td->groupid);
err:
if (td->error)
printf("fio: pid=%d, err=%d/%s\n", td->pid, td->error, td->verror);
close_files(td);
close_ioengine(td);
cleanup_io_u(td);
options_mem_free(td);
td_set_runstate(td, TD_EXITED);
return (void *) (unsigned long) td->error;
err_sem:
fio_sem_up(startup_sem);
goto err;
}
/*
* We cannot pass the td data into a forked process, so attach the td and
* pass it to the thread worker.
*/
static int fork_main(int shmid, int offset)
{
struct thread_data *td;
void *data, *ret;
data = shmat(shmid, NULL, 0);
if (data == (void *) -1) {
int __err = errno;
perror("shmat");
return __err;
}
td = data + offset * sizeof(struct thread_data);
ret = thread_main(td);
shmdt(data);
return (int) (unsigned long) ret;
}
/*
* Run over the job map and reap the threads that have exited, if any.
*/
static void reap_threads(int *nr_running, int *t_rate, int *m_rate)
{
struct thread_data *td;
int i, cputhreads, pending, status, ret;
/*
* reap exited threads (TD_EXITED -> TD_REAPED)
*/
pending = cputhreads = 0;
for_each_td(td, i) {
int flags = 0;
/*
* ->io_ops is NULL for a thread that has closed its
* io engine
*/
if (td->io_ops && !strcmp(td->io_ops->name, "cpuio"))
cputhreads++;
if (!td->pid || td->runstate == TD_REAPED)
continue;
if (td->o.use_thread) {
if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED) {
td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
goto reaped;
}
continue;
}
flags = WNOHANG;
if (td->runstate == TD_EXITED)
flags = 0;
/*
* check if someone quit or got killed in an unusual way
*/
ret = waitpid(td->pid, &status, flags);
if (ret < 0) {
if (errno == ECHILD) {
log_err("fio: pid=%d disappeared %d\n", td->pid, td->runstate);
td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
goto reaped;
}
perror("waitpid");
} else if (ret == td->pid) {
if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
int sig = WTERMSIG(status);
if (sig != SIGQUIT)
log_err("fio: pid=%d, got signal=%d\n", td->pid, sig);
td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
goto reaped;
}
if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
if (WEXITSTATUS(status) && !td->error)
td->error = WEXITSTATUS(status);
td_set_runstate(td, TD_REAPED);
goto reaped;
}
}
/*
* thread is not dead, continue
*/
continue;
reaped:
if (td->o.use_thread) {
long ret;
if (pthread_join(td->thread, (void *) &ret))
perror("pthread_join");
}