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==当需要定义一组常量时,强烈建议使用枚举类==

枚举类的实现

  • JDK1.5之前需要自定义枚举类

  • JDK 1.5 新增的 enum 关键字用于定义枚举类

若枚举只有一个对象, 则可以作为一种单例模式的实现方式。

原理

枚举的本质是一个==继承了Enum的类==,每一个枚举项相当于类中的静态常量,并且这些静态常量会在类中的静态块中进行赋值,并且赋值为枚举类型的对象,如Color是一个枚举类型,有一个枚举项为RED,相当于RED=new Color();

Enum类常见方法

说明: untitle.png

定义枚举类

自定义枚举类

//自定义枚举类
class Season{
    //1.声明Season对象的属性:private final修饰
    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;
    //2.私化类的构造器,并给对象属性赋值
    private Season(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }
    //3.提供当前枚举类的多个对象:public static final的
    public static final Season SPRING = new Season("春天","春暖花开");
    public static final Season SUMMER = new Season("夏天","夏日炎炎");
    public static final Season AUTUMN = new Season("秋天","秋高气爽");
    public static final Season WINTER = new Season("冬天","冰天雪地");
    //4.其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }
    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }
    //4.其他诉求1:提供toString()
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Season{" +
                "seasonName='" + seasonName + '\'' +
                ", seasonDesc='" + seasonDesc + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

使用enum关键字枚举类

//枚举类型中除了枚举项之外,也能出现构造方法、属性、成员方法,但是构造方法必须私有,并且所有除枚举项之外的其他成员必须写在枚举项之后,用分号隔开。
enum Season1 {
    //1.提供当前枚举类的对象,多个对象之间用","隔开,末尾对象";"结束
    SPRING("春天","春暖花开"),
    SUMMER("夏天","夏日炎炎"),
    AUTUMN("秋天","秋高气爽"),
    WINTER("冬天","冰天雪地");
    //2.声明Season对象的属性:private final修饰
    private final String seasonName;
    private final String seasonDesc;
    //2.私化类的构造器,并给对象属性赋值
    private Season1(String seasonName,String seasonDesc){
        this.seasonName = seasonName;
        this.seasonDesc = seasonDesc;
    }
    //4.其他诉求1:获取枚举类对象的属性
    public String getSeasonName() {
        return seasonName;
    }
    public String getSeasonDesc() {
        return seasonDesc;
    }
}