Partial Order Pruning: for Best Speed/Accuracy Trade-off in Neural Architecture Search, CVPR 2019
Achieving good speed and accuracy trade-off on target platform is very important in deploying deep neural networks. Most existing automatic architecture search approaches only pursue high performance but ignores such an important factor. In this work, we propose an algorithm "Partial Order Pruning" to prune architecture search space with partial order assumption, quickly lift the boundary of speed/accuracy trade-off on target platform, and automatically search the architecture with the best speed and accuracy trade-off. Our algorithm explicitly take profile information about the inference speed on target platform into consideration. With the proposed algorithm, we present several "Dongfeng(东风)" networks that provide high accuracy and fast inference speed on various application GPU platforms. By further searching decoder architecture, our DF-Seg real-time segmentation models yields state-of-the-art speed/accuracy trade-off on both embedded device and high-end GPU.
1.We conduct backbone architecture searching experiments on TX2:
模型(Model) | ImageNet Val. Top-1 Acc. |
---|---|
东风一(DF1) | 69.78% |
东风二(DF2) | 73.92% |
东风二甲(DF2A) | 76.00% |
2.With our Dongfeng backbone network, we conduct decoder architecture search experiments on 1080Ti and TX2:
模型(Model) | Cityscapes mIoU (Val/Test) | FPS(1080Ti/ | TensorRT-3.0.4) | FPS(Titan X/Caffe) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Resolution | 1024x2048 | 1024x2048 | 1024x1024 | 1024x2048 |
DFlite-Seg-d8 | 71.7/- | 157.4 | 263.4 | 45.7 |
DF1-Seg-d8 | 72.4/71.4 | 136.9 | 232.6 | 40.2 |
DFlite-Seg | 73.4/- | 118.4 | 202.5 | 33.8 |
DF1-Seg | 74.1/73.0 | 106.1 | 182.1 | 30.7 |
DF2-Seg1 | 75.9/74.8 | 67.2 | - | 20.5 |
DF2-Seg2 | 76.9/75.3 | 56.3 | - | 17.7 |
3.Dongfeng models are designed for GPU platforms. We further conduct backbone and decoder architecture searching experiments on Snapdragon 845 CPU platform:
模型(Model) | Cityscapes mIoU (Val/Test) | FPS(Snapdragon 845/NCNN) |
---|---|---|
分辨率(Resolution) | 1024x2048 | 640x384 |
基于霹雳一甲的分割网络(PL1A-Seg) | 68.7/69.1 | 52.0 |
Many thanks to NCNN(https://github.com/Tencent/ncnn), a high-performance neural network inference framework optimized for the mobile platform.
欢迎使用“东风”系列模型,万事俱备,只欠东风!
df1.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1yA9DLSy3PEMQD3R92vKr6CEaOJ0NrOVm
df2.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1K0QPFD6XtKnMsrrOLSarnk3C1zmhZqpC
df2a.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1H5T-nz1D2DCLtma-alkR_CxGAHKewbql
df1seg.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1v-UCb1VIHGtIR9eXiPgdUu9wkDpemNTW
df1seg_mergebn.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=17ZROC9dJAN8dxkpvTzHQRTS9soCwBOXJ
df2seg1.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1mCdozRO4BxDV-NS6secKuvaTNWEFcv_u
df2seg1_mergebn.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1RfdYtc7YzM5zYoANsRiB-XJMkvYfy_mv
df2seg2.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1D7bgq7h9OUQVY4LYA-x0B2FY8pnVgz3o
df2seg2_mergebn.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1FtqRSEN90ynTgMeGH3ee5DC8ubvSHZ3z
df-lite_seg_mergebn.caffemodel https://drive.google.com/open?id=1se9wAkZFyNGYInjrhtXTMIZy39ucMaDu