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| ## spring boot 笔记 | ||
| --- | ||
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| #### 框架---模块---体系---生态 | ||
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| #### 简介 | ||
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| springboot是基于spring+java+web容器，微服务框架的杰出代表。微服务其实就是将服务粒度做小，使之可以独立承担对外服务的的职责。 | ||
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| ##### 特征 | ||
| * 遵循“约定胜于配置”的原则，使用spring boot只需要很少的配置，大部分时候可以使用默认配置 | ||
| * 项目快速搭建，可以配置整合第三方框架 | ||
| * 可完全不使用xml配置，借助java config | ||
| * 内嵌Servlet（如 Tomcat）容器，可以jar包运行 | ||
| * 运行中的应用状态监控 | ||
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| **微服务优势：** | ||
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| * 独立性。每个微服务都是一个独立的项目。可以独立对外提供服务，可以将研发人力资源很好的分摊，避免人力资源密集带来的沟通、协作成本。（低耦合原则） | ||
| * 稳定性。任何一个微服务的失败都将只影响自己或少量其他微服务，不会影响整个服务运行体系。 | ||
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| SpringApplication将一个典型的spring应用启动的流程“模板化”，默认模板化后执行流程就可以满足需求了，如果有特殊需求，SpringApplication在合适的流程节点开放了一系列不同类型的扩展点，我们可以通过这些扩展点对SpringBoot程序的启动和关闭过程进行扩展。 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| @SpringBootApplication(exclude = { DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class, | ||
| DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration.class }) | ||
| public class Main extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport { | ||
| public static void main(String[] args) { | ||
| SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(Main.class, "classpath*:/spring/*.xml"); | ||
| app.setShowBanner(false); | ||
| app.run(args); | ||
| } | ||
| } | ||
| ``` | ||
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| **执行流程：** | ||
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| 1.如果我们使用的是SpringApplication的静态run方法，首先需要创建一个SpringApplication对象实例。 | ||
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| a）使用SpringFactoriesLoader在应用的classpath中查找并加载所有可用的ApplicationContextInitialize | ||
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| b）使用SpringFactoriesLoader在应用的classpath中查找并加载所有可用的ApplicationListener | ||
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| c）设置main方法的定义类 | ||
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| 2.开始执行run方法的逻辑，首先遍历执行所有通过SpringFactoriesLoader加载到的SpringApplicationRunListener，调用它们的started()方法，告诉这些SpringApplicationRunListener，SpringBoot应用要开始执行了。 | ||
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| 3.创建并配置当前SpringBoot应用将要使用的Environment | ||
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| 4.遍历并调用所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的environmentPrepared()方法，告诉它们，Springboot应用使用的Environment准备好了 | ||
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| 5.确定SpringBoot应用创建什么类型的ApplicationContext，并创建完成，然后根据条件决定是否使用自定义的ShutdownHook，是否使用自定义的BeanNameGenerator，是否使用自定义的ResourceLoader，然后将准备好的Environment设置给创建好的ApplicationContext使用 | ||
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| 6.ApplicationContext创建完成，SpringApplication调用之前加载的ApplicationContextInitialize的initialize方法对创建好的ApplicationContext进行进一步的处理 | ||
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| 7.遍历所有SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared()方法，通知它们，SpringBoot应用使用的ApplicationContext准备好了 | ||
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| 8.将之前通过@EnableAutoConfiguration获取的所有配置以及其他形式的Ioc容器配置加载到已经你准备完毕的ApplicationContext | ||
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| 9.遍历所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoader()方法，告知ApplicationContext已装载完毕 | ||
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| 10.调用ApplicationContext的refresh()方法，完成Ioc容器可用的最后一道工序 | ||
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| 11.查找当前ApplicationContext中是否注册有CommandLineRunner，如果有，则遍历执行它们 | ||
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| 12.遍历所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的finished()方法，告知，“初始化完成” | ||
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| --- | ||
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| ##### spring boot提供了很多“开箱即用”的依赖模块，以"spring-boot-starter-"开头，以解决不同场景问题。 | ||
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| 1.SpringBoot应用将自动使用logback作为应用日志框架， | ||
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| ``` | ||
| <dependency> | ||
| <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> | ||
| <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-logging</artifactId> | ||
| </dependency> | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 2.得到一个直接可执行的web应用，当前项目下直接运行mvn spring-boot:run 就可以直接启动一个嵌入tomcat服务请求的web应用。 | ||
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| 默认访问地址：http://localhost:8080 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| <dependency> | ||
| <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> | ||
| <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> | ||
| </dependency> | ||
| ``` | ||
| 如果想使用其它容器，可引入spring-boot-starter-jetty | ||
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| 另外可以修改server.port使用自己指定的端口 | ||
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| 3.访问数据库依赖此模块。 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| <dependency> | ||
| <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> | ||
| <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> | ||
| </dependency> | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 4.负责web应用安全，配合spring-boot-starter-web使用 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| <dependency> | ||
| <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> | ||
| <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> | ||
| </dependency> | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 5.监控，了解应用的运行状态 | ||
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| ``` | ||
| <dependency> | ||
| <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> | ||
| <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> | ||
| </dependency> | ||
| ``` | ||
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| 上面只是介绍一些常用的组件，sping社区还有很多其它优秀的组件，可以根据自己的业务情况研究自取。 | ||
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