Merge branch 'krahets:master' into rust-computational_complexity

.gitignore

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
 # Editor
 .vscode/
 .idea/
+cmake-build-debug/
 hello-algo.iml
+*.dSYM/
 
 # mkdocs files
 site/

Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+FROM python:3.9.0-alpine
+
+RUN pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple --upgrade pip
+RUN pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple mkdocs-material==9.0.2
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY codes /app/codes
+COPY docs /app/docs
+COPY mkdocs.yml /app/mkdocs.yml
+
+RUN mkdir ./docs/overrides && mkdocs build
+
+EXPOSE 8000
+
+CMD ["mkdocs", "serve", "-a", "0.0.0.0:8000"]

codes/c/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.10)
+project(hello_algo C)
+
+set(CMAKE_C_STANDARD 11)
+
+include_directories(./include)
+
+add_subdirectory(include)
+add_subdirectory(chapter_computational_complexity)
+add_subdirectory(chapter_array_and_linkedlist)
+add_subdirectory(chapter_sorting)
+add_subdirectory(chapter_tree)

codes/c/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+add_executable(array array.c)
+add_executable(linked_list linked_list.c)

codes/c/chapter_array_and_linkedlist/linked_list.c

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/**
+ * File: linked_list.c
+ * Created Time: 2022-01-12
+ * Author: Zero ([email protected])
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.h"
+
+/* 在链表的结点 n0 之后插入结点 P */
+void insert(ListNode* n0, ListNode* P) {
+    ListNode *n1 = n0->next;
+    n0->next = P;
+    P->next = n1;
+}
+
+/* 删除链表的结点 n0 之后的首个结点 */
+// 由于引入了 stdio.h ，此处无法使用 remove 关键词
+// 详见 https://github.com/krahets/hello-algo/pull/244#discussion_r1067863888
+void removeNode(ListNode* n0) {
+    if (!n0->next)
+        return;
+    // n0 -> P -> n1
+    ListNode *P = n0->next;
+    ListNode *n1 = P->next;
+    n0->next = n1;
+    // 释放内存
+    free(P);
+}
+
+/* 访问链表中索引为 index 的结点 */
+ListNode* access(ListNode* head, int index) {
+    while (head && head->next && index) {
+        head = head->next;
+        index--;
+    }
+    return head;
+}
+
+/* 在链表中查找值为 target 的首个结点 */
+int find(ListNode* head, int target) {
+    int index = 0;
+    while (head) {
+        if (head->val == target)
+            return index;
+        head = head->next;
+        index++;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+
+/* Driver Code */
+int main() {
+    /* 初始化链表 */
+    // 初始化各个结点 
+    ListNode* n0 = newListNode(1);
+    ListNode* n1 = newListNode(3);
+    ListNode* n2 = newListNode(2);
+    ListNode* n3 = newListNode(5);
+    ListNode* n4 = newListNode(4);
+    // 构建引用指向
+    n0->next = n1;
+    n1->next = n2;
+    n2->next = n3;
+    n3->next = n4;
+    printf("初始化的链表为\r\n"); 
+    printLinkedList(n0);
+
+    /* 插入结点 */
+    insert(n0, newListNode(0));
+    printf("插入结点后的链表为\r\n");
+    printLinkedList(n0);
+
+    /* 删除结点 */
+    removeNode(n0);
+    printf("删除结点后的链表为\r\n");
+    printLinkedList(n0);
+
+    /* 访问结点 */
+    ListNode* node = access(n0, 3);
+    printf("链表中索引 3 处的结点的值 = %d\r\n", node->val);
+
+    /* 查找结点 */
+    int index = find(n0, 2);
+    printf("链表中值为 2 的结点的索引 = %d\r\n", index);
+
+    return 0;
+}

codes/c/chapter_computational_complexity/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+add_executable(time_complexity time_complexity.c )
+add_executable(worst_best_time_complexity worst_best_time_complexity.c)

codes/c/chapter_computational_complexity/time_complexity.c

@@ -56,11 +56,13 @@ int bubbleSort(int *nums, int n) {
     for (int i = n - 1; i > 0; i--) {
         // 内循环：冒泡操作
         for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) {
-            // 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]
-            int tmp = nums[j];
-            nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
-            nums[j + 1] = tmp;
-            count += 3;  // 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作
+            if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
+                // 交换 nums[j] 与 nums[j + 1]
+                int tmp = nums[j];
+                nums[j] = nums[j + 1];
+                nums[j + 1] = tmp;
+                count += 3;  // 元素交换包含 3 个单元操作
+            }
         }
     }
     return count;

codes/c/chapter_computational_complexity/worst_best_time_complexity.c

@@ -49,6 +49,5 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
             nums = NULL;
         }
     }
-    getchar();
     return 0;
 }

codes/c/chapter_sorting/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+add_executable(bubble_sort bubble_sort.c)
+add_executable(insertion_sort insertion_sort.c)

codes/c/chapter_sorting/bubble_sort.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 #include "../include/include.h"
 
 /* 冒泡排序 */
-void bubble_sort(int nums[], int size) {
+void bubbleSort(int nums[], int size) {
     // 外循环：待排序元素数量为 n-1, n-2, ..., 1
     for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++)
     {
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ void bubble_sort(int nums[], int size) {
 }
 
 /* 冒泡排序（标志优化）*/
-void bubble_sort_with_flag(int nums[], int size) {
+void bubbleSortWithFlag(int nums[], int size) {
     // 外循环：待排序元素数量为 n-1, n-2, ..., 1
     for (int i = 0; i < size - 1; i++)
     {
@@ -50,15 +50,15 @@ void bubble_sort_with_flag(int nums[], int size) {
 /* Driver Code */
 int main() {
     int nums[6] = {4, 1, 3, 1, 5, 2};
-    printf("冒泡排序后:\n");
-    bubble_sort(nums, 6);
+    printf("冒泡排序后: ");
+    bubbleSort(nums, 6);
     for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
     {
         printf("%d ", nums[i]);
     }
 
-    printf("优化版冒泡排序后:\n");
-    bubble_sort_with_flag(nums, 6);
+    printf("\n优化版冒泡排序后: ");
+    bubbleSortWithFlag(nums, 6);
     for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
     {
         printf("%d ", nums[i]);

codes/c/chapter_sorting/insertion_sort.c

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ void insertionSort(int nums[], int size) {
 int main() {
     int nums[] = {4, 1, 3, 1, 5, 2};
     insertionSort(nums, 6);
-    printf("插入排序完成后 nums = \n");
+    printf("插入排序完成后 nums = ");
     for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
     {
         printf("%d ", nums[i]);

codes/c/chapter_tree/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+add_executable(binary_search binary_tree.c)
+add_executable(binary_tree_bfs binary_tree_bfs.c)
+add_executable(binary_tree_dfs binary_tree_dfs.c)
+add_executable(binary_search_tree binary_search_tree.c)

codes/c/chapter_tree/binary_search_tree.c

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+/**
+ * File: binary_search_tree.c
+ * Created Time: 2023-01-11
+ * Author: Reanon ([email protected])
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.h"
+

codes/c/chapter_tree/binary_tree.c

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * File: binary_tree.c
+ * Created Time: 2023-01-11
+ * Author: Reanon ([email protected])
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.h"
+
+/* Driver Code */
+int main() {
+    /* 初始化二叉树 */
+    // 初始化结点
+    TreeNode* n1 = newTreeNode(1);
+    TreeNode* n2 = newTreeNode(2);
+    TreeNode* n3 = newTreeNode(3);
+    TreeNode* n4 = newTreeNode(4);
+    TreeNode* n5 = newTreeNode(5);
+    // 构建引用指向（即指针）
+    n1->left = n2;
+    n1->right = n3;
+    n2->left = n4;
+    n2->right = n5;
+    printf("初始化二叉树\n");
+    printTree(n1);
+
+    /* 插入与删除结点 */
+    TreeNode* P = newTreeNode(0);
+    // 在 n1 -> n2 中间插入结点 P
+    n1->left = P;
+    P->left = n2;
+    printf("插入结点 P 后\n");
+    printTree(n1);
+
+    // 删除结点 P
+    n1->left = n2;
+    // 释放内存
+    free(P);
+    printf("删除结点 P 后\n");
+    printTree(n1);
+
+    return 0;
+}

codes/c/chapter_tree/binary_tree_bfs.c

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/**
+ * File: binary_tree_bfs.c
+ * Created Time: 2023-01-11
+ * Author: Reanon ([email protected])
+ */
+
+#include "../include/include.h"
+
+/* 层序遍历 */
+int *levelOrder(TreeNode *root, int *size) {
+    /* 辅助队列 */
+    int front, rear;
+    int index, *arr;
+    TreeNode *node;
+    TreeNode **queue;
+
+    /* 辅助队列 */
+    queue = (TreeNode **) malloc(sizeof(TreeNode) * MAX_NODE_SIZE);
+    // 队列指针
+    front = 0, rear = 0;
+    // 加入根结点
+    queue[rear++] = root;
+    // 初始化一个列表，用于保存遍历序列
+    /* 辅助数组 */
+    arr = (int *) malloc(sizeof(int) * MAX_NODE_SIZE);
+    // 数组指针
+    index = 0;
+    while (front < rear) {
+        // 队列出队
+        node = queue[front++];
+        // 保存结点
+        arr[index++] = node->val;
+        if (node->left != NULL) {
+            // 左子结点入队
+            queue[rear++] = node->left;
+        }
+        if (node->right != NULL) {
+            // 右子结点入队
+            queue[rear++] = node->right;
+        }
+    }
+    // 更新数组长度的值
+    *size = index;
+    arr = realloc(arr, sizeof(int) * (*size));
+    return arr;
+}
+
+
+/* Driver Code */
+int main() {
+    /* 初始化二叉树 */
+    // 这里借助了一个从数组直接生成二叉树的函数
+    int nums[] = {1, 2, 3, NIL, 5, 6, NIL};
+    int size = sizeof(nums) / sizeof(int);
+    TreeNode *root = arrToTree(nums, size);
+    printf("初始化二叉树\n");
+    printTree(root);
+
+    /* 层序遍历 */
+    // 需要传入数组的长度
+    int *arr = levelOrder(root, &size);
+    printf("层序遍历的结点打印序列 = ");
+    printArray(arr, size);
+
+    return 0;
+}