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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion en/202205/how-to-use-mqtt-in-flask.md
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[MQTT](https://mqtt.org/) is a lightweight Internet of Things (IoT) message transmission protocol based on publish/subscribe mode. It can provide a real-time and reliable message service for networked devices with very less code and smaller bandwidth. It is widely used in IoT, mobile Internet, intelligent hardware, IoV, power and energy industries, etc.

This article mainly introduces how to use MQTT in the Flask project, and implement the connection, subscription, messaging, unsubscribing and other functions between the [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/introduction-to-the-commonly-used-mqtt-client-library) and [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/).
This article mainly introduces how to use MQTT in the Flask project, and implement the connection, subscription, messaging, unsubscribing and other functions between the [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/introduction-to-the-commonly-used-mqtt-client-library) and MQTT Broker.

We will use the [Flask-MQTT](https://flask-mqtt.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html) client library, which is a Flask extension and can be regarded as a decorator of [paho-mqtt](https://www.eclipse.org/paho/clients/python/) to simplify the MQTT integration in Flask applications.

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2 changes: 1 addition & 1 deletion en/202210/how-to-install-emqx-mqtt-broker-on-ubuntu.md
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As a large-scale distributed [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) for IoT with more than 10 million downloads worldwide, [EMQX](https://www.emqx.com/zh/products/emqx), since it open-sourced in GitHub in 2013, has been widely adopted by more than 20,000 enterprise users from more than 50 countries and regions, and has connected more than 100 million IoT-critical devices in total.
As a large-scale distributed MQTT Broker for IoT with more than 10 million downloads worldwide, [EMQX](https://www.emqx.com/zh/products/emqx), since it open-sourced in GitHub in 2013, has been widely adopted by more than 20,000 enterprise users from more than 50 countries and regions, and has connected more than 100 million IoT-critical devices in total.

Recently, [EMQX released version 5.0](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/emqx-v-5-0-released) , which has also been greatly optimized and upgraded in terms of reliability of message transfer and ease of use experience, making it a milestone in the MQTT field. In the pre-launch performance test, the EMQX team reached [100 million MQTT connections](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/how-emqx-5-0-achieves-100-million-mqtt-connections) +1 million message throughput per second with a 23-node cluster, which makes EMQX 5.0 the most scalable MQTT broker in the world by far.

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[MQTT](https://mqtt.org/) is a lightweight IoT messaging protocol based on publish/subscribe model, which can provide real-time reliable messaging services for connected devices with very little code and bandwidth. It is widely used in industries such as IoT, mobile Internet, smart hardware, [Internet of vehicles](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/category/internet-of-vehicles), and power and energy.

[Django](https://www.djangoproject.com/) is an open-source Web framework and one of the more popular Python Web frameworks. This article mainly introduces how to connect, subscribe, unsubscribe, and send and receive messages between [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/mqtt-client-tools) and [MQTT Broker](https://www.emqx.io/) in the Django project.
[Django](https://www.djangoproject.com/) is an open-source Web framework and one of the more popular Python Web frameworks. This article mainly introduces how to connect, subscribe, unsubscribe, and send and receive messages between [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/mqtt-client-tools) and MQTT Broker in the Django project.

We will write a simple MQTT client using [paho-mqtt](https://www.eclipse.org/paho/index.php?page=clients/python/index.php) client library. `paho-mqtt` is a widely used MQTT client library in Python that provides client support for MQTT 5.0, 3.1.1, and 3.1 on Python 2.7 and 3.x.

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Expand Up @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ In this article, we explain how authentication works in MQTT, what security risk

Authentication in MQTT refers to the process of verifying the identity of a client or a broker before allowing them to establish a connection or interact with the MQTT network. It is only about the right to connect to the broker and is separate from *authorization*, which determines which topics a client is allowed to publish and subscribe to. Authorization will be discussed in a separate article in this series.

The [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) can authenticate clients mainly in following ways:
The MQTT Broker can authenticate clients mainly in following ways:

- **Password-based authentication**: The broker verifies that the client has the correct connecting credentials: username, client ID, and password. The broker can verify either the username or client ID against the password.
- **Enhanced authentication (SCRAM)**: This authenticates the clients using a back-and-forth challenge based mechanism known as **S**alted **C**hallenge **R**esponse **A**uthentication **M**echanism.
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Expand Up @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ In practice, the SSOT is often implemented as part of the CDR, which is responsi

## Conclusion

In the Sparkplug specification, an [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) is an indispensable component to incorporate the above 5 conceptual capabilities.
In the Sparkplug specification, an MQTT Broker is an indispensable component to incorporate the above 5 conceptual capabilities.

First, the MQTT broker offers a pub-sub decoupling messaging architecture for various Sparkplug host systems and devices to operate independently.

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The [MQTT Broker](https://www.emqx.io/) plays a crucial role in facilitating messaging between IoT devices, making it a key component in IoT applications. As such, selecting the appropriate MQTT Broker serves as the initial and most critical step in building IoT applications. This article outlines general selection considerations and potential concerns based on typical IoT project requirements and scenarios. By delving into these factors, readers will understand how to choose an MQTT Broker that aligns with their unique needs and requirements.
The MQTT Broker plays a crucial role in facilitating messaging between IoT devices, making it a key component in IoT applications. As such, selecting the appropriate MQTT Broker serves as the initial and most critical step in building IoT applications. This article outlines general selection considerations and potential concerns based on typical IoT project requirements and scenarios. By delving into these factors, readers will understand how to choose an MQTT Broker that aligns with their unique needs and requirements.

## Identify the Requirements of Your Project

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## Introduction

Suppose you are involved in planning, developing, or managing an IoT application that uses MQTT protocol on the public cloud. In that case, you need to consider the best option for your specific use case and requirements. Serverless and Hosting MQTT services are two typical cloud-based MQTT services. Both provide a managed [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) but differ in their architecture, scalability, security, pricing models, data integration, and so on.
Suppose you are involved in planning, developing, or managing an IoT application that uses MQTT protocol on the public cloud. In that case, you need to consider the best option for your specific use case and requirements. Serverless and Hosting MQTT services are two typical cloud-based MQTT services. Both provide a managed MQTT Broker but differ in their architecture, scalability, security, pricing models, data integration, and so on.

In this article, we will compare these two services based on the above aspects to help you determine which service best fits your project.

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## Free Serverless MQTT broker

[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.
[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest MQTT Broker offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.

If you have not tried serverless deployment yet, please follow [the guide in this blog](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/a-comprehensive-guide-to-serverless-mqtt-service) to create one for free. Once you have completed the registration process with the online guide, you will get a running instance with the following similar information from the “Overview” in your deployment. We will use the connection information and CA certificate later.

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Expand Up @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ This blog will use the Paho Python library to connect a serverless MQTT broker.

## Free Serverless MQTT broker

[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.
[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest MQTT Broker offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.

If you have not tried serverless deployment yet, please follow [the guide in this blog](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/a-comprehensive-guide-to-serverless-mqtt-service) to create one for free. Once you have completed the registration process with the online guide, you will get a running instance with the following similar information from the “Overview” in your deployment. We will use the connection information and CA certificate later.

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## How Does Custom Write Topic Support Benefit You?

1. **Enterprise Topic Standard Compliance**: Neuron 2.4.5 enables you to align the MQTT downlink topic with your organization's specific topic standards. By customizing the write topic, you can effortlessly integrate Neuron with your existing enterprise infrastructure and adhere to internal naming conventions.
2. **ACL Configuration Flexibility**: With the ability to define a custom write topic, you gain fine-grained control over the access permissions and security policies set up in your existing [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/). Neuron's MQTT plugin now seamlessly integrates with your current ACL settings, allowing you to tailor access rights to specific topics within Neuron.
2. **ACL Configuration Flexibility**: With the ability to define a custom write topic, you gain fine-grained control over the access permissions and security policies set up in your existing MQTT Broker. Neuron's MQTT plugin now seamlessly integrates with your current ACL settings, allowing you to tailor access rights to specific topics within Neuron.
3. **Seamless Integration with Third-Party Systems**: The custom write topic support opens up possibilities for integrating Neuron with a wide range of existing third-party systems and services. Whether you're using enterprise middleware, cloud platforms, or custom-built solutions, Neuron 2.4.5 ensures a smooth and efficient data flow.

## How to Leverage the Custom Write Topic Feature
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EMQX Cloud BYOC edition has been adopted by businesses across a range of industries, including Internet of Vehicles (IoV), healthcare, and smart cities.

In IoV scenarios, sensitive data such as vehicle location and driving behavior needs to be transmitted from the vehicle side to the [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) via either public or private networks, and then saved into the company's centralized data platform.
In IoV scenarios, sensitive data such as vehicle location and driving behavior needs to be transmitted from the vehicle side to the MQTT Broker via either public or private networks, and then saved into the company's centralized data platform.

EMQX Cloud BYOC can ensure that the entire data chain is within the customer's own cloud account to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches. This addresses the risks of data leakage from the source, reduces the involvement of intermediaries, and simplifies data management complexity.

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Expand Up @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Test scenarios can be subdivided into the two basic dimensions of connection and

### Concurrent Connection Testing

MQTT connections are long (keep-alive) TCP connections. The client initiates a TCP connection with the [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/), sends an MQTT login request, and then uses heartbeat packets to sustain the connection. In high-concurrency scenarios, establishing and maintaining long MQTT connections consumes significant resources for the broker. Through performance testing, we can measure how many concurrent connections the MQTT broker can support under limited resources.
MQTT connections are long (keep-alive) TCP connections. The client initiates a TCP connection with the MQTT Broker, sends an MQTT login request, and then uses heartbeat packets to sustain the connection. In high-concurrency scenarios, establishing and maintaining long MQTT connections consumes significant resources for the broker. Through performance testing, we can measure how many concurrent connections the MQTT broker can support under limited resources.

On the other hand, the higher the connection rate (i.e., the new established connections per second), the greater the computing resources required at the same time. It's important to consider this factor during testing, especially in scenarios where numerous devices may come online simultaneously. This value is crucial for evaluating system capacity and planning accordingly.

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Expand Up @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ These optimizations drastically reduce user storage usage and speed up the image

### Auto Reconnect Feature

The connection has auto-reconnect enabled by default. If the MQTTX desktop client loses connection to the [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) due to network issues or other reasons, the client will attempt to reconnect automatically.
The connection has auto-reconnect enabled by default. If the MQTTX desktop client loses connection to the MQTT Broker due to network issues or other reasons, the client will attempt to reconnect automatically.

### Editing Disabled in Connection State

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## Free Public MQTT Broker

Before diving into the MQTT client desktop tools, we need an [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) to communicate and test. We choose the free public MQTT broker available on `broker.emqx.io`.
Before diving into the MQTT client desktop tools, we need an MQTT Broker to communicate and test. We choose the free public MQTT broker available on `broker.emqx.io`.

>**MQTT Broker Info**
>
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Expand Up @@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This blog post will explore the top 3 MQTT WebSocket client tools highly recomme

## Free Public MQTT Broker

Before diving into the MQTT WebSocket tools, we need an [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) supporting WebSocket to communicate and test. We choose the free public MQTT broker available on `broker.emqx.io`.
Before diving into the MQTT WebSocket tools, we need an MQTT Broker supporting WebSocket to communicate and test. We choose the free public MQTT broker available on `broker.emqx.io`.

>**MQTT Broker Info**
>
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Expand Up @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ One useful library is the Paho Java Client, an [MQTT client library](https://www

## Free Serverless MQTT Broker

[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.
[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest MQTT Broker offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.

If you have not tried serverless deployment yet, please follow [the guide in this blog](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/a-comprehensive-guide-to-serverless-mqtt-service) to create one for free. Once you have completed the registration process with the online guide, you will get a running instance with the following similar information from the “Overview” in your deployment. We will use the connection information and CA certificate later.

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[Raspberry Pi](https://www.raspberrypi.org/) is a small single-board computer based on ARM and developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation in the United Kingdom. This board provides USB interfaces and Ethernet interfaces can connect the keyboard, mouse, and networking cable. This board has the basic functions of PC and Raspberry Pi integrates Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a large number of GPIO, and is widely used in teaching, family entertainment, IoT, etc.

In this project, we will use Python to write a simple [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/mqtt-client-tools) on Raspberry Pi and implement connection, subscription, messaging, and other functions between this client and [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/).
In this project, we will use Python to write a simple [MQTT client](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/mqtt-client-tools) on Raspberry Pi and implement connection, subscription, messaging, and other functions between this client and MQTT Broker.

## Raspberry Pi MQTT Project Preparation

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Expand Up @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The [php-mqtt client](https://github.com/php-mqtt/client) is an [MQTT client](ht

## Free Serverless MQTT Broker

[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest [MQTT broker](https://www.emqx.io/) offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.
[EMQX Cloud Serverless](https://www.emqx.com/en/cloud/serverless-mqtt) is the latest MQTT Broker offering on the public cloud with all the serverless advantages. You can start the Serverless deployment in seconds with just a few clicks. Additionally, users can get 1 million free session minutes every month, sufficient for 23 devices to be online for a whole month, making it perfect for tiny IoT test scenarios.

If you have not tried serverless deployment yet, please follow [the guide in this blog](https://www.emqx.com/en/blog/a-comprehensive-guide-to-serverless-mqtt-service) to create one for free. Once you have completed the registration process with the online guide, you will get a running instance with the following similar information from the “Overview” in your deployment. We will use the connection information and CA certificate later.

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