forked from judasn/Linux-Tutorial
-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
Commit
This commit does not belong to any branch on this repository, and may belong to a fork outside of the repository.
- Loading branch information
Showing
14 changed files
with
208 additions
and
178 deletions.
There are no files selected for viewing
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -1 +1,28 @@ | ||
# Linux-Tutorial | ||
# CentOS 介绍 | ||
|
||
- CentOS Wiki:<https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/CentOS> | ||
- CentOS 百科:<http://baike.baidu.com/item/centos> | ||
- CentOS 官网:<https://www.centos.org/> | ||
- CentOS 的自我介绍:<https://wiki.centos.org/zh/About> | ||
- CentOS 官网下载:<https://www.centos.org/download/> | ||
- CentOS 官网下载(含有旧版本):<https://wiki.centos.org/Download> | ||
- CentOS 国内镜像下载:<http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/6/isos/x86_64/> | ||
- 版本更新记录:<https://wiki.centos.org/Manuals/ReleaseNotes> | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
# CentOS 原型系统:Red Hat Enterprise Linux | ||
|
||
|
||
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux Wiki:<https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux> | ||
- Red Hat Enterprise Linux 百科:<http://baike.baidu.com/view/1139590.htm> | ||
- 衍生版本:<https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux衍生版本> | ||
|
||
|
||
# Red Hat Enterprise Linux 后花园系统:Fedora | ||
|
||
- Fedora Wiki:<https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fedora> | ||
- Fedora 百科:<http://baike.baidu.com/view/182182.htm> | ||
- Fedora 官网:<https://fedoraproject.org> | ||
- Fedora 官网桌面版下载:<https://getfedora.org/zh_CN/workstation/download/> | ||
- Fedora 官网文档:<https://docs.fedoraproject.org/zh-CN/index.html> |
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ | ||
# Ubuntu 常用的软件 | ||
|
||
## 安装软件基础 | ||
|
||
- 取回更新的软件包列表信息:`sudo apt-get update` | ||
- 查看已经安装了哪些包:`sudo dpkg -l` | ||
- 查看已安装列表中是否有 Vim 软件,没有安装则没有数据显示:`sudo dpkg -l | grep vim` | ||
- 查看 Vim 软件安装位置:`sudo dpkg -L vim` | ||
- 安装名为 Vim 的软件:`sudo apt-get install vim` | ||
- 卸载名为 Vim 的软件(保留配置文档):`sudo apt-get remove vim` | ||
- 卸载名为 Vim 的软件(删除配置文档):`sudo apt-get –purge remove vim` | ||
- 升级系统所有有新版本的软件:`sudo apt-get upgrade` | ||
- 删除已下载的旧包文件:`sudo apt-get autoclean` | ||
- 删除所有已下载的包文件:`sudo apt-get clean` | ||
- 卸载所有自动安装且不再使用的软件包:`sudo apt-get autoremove` | ||
|
||
|
||
## 安装常用系统软件 | ||
|
||
- sysv-rc-conf | ||
- 介绍:管理启动项,一般是用在 Ubuntu 系统上的,CentOS 一般用的 chkconfig,两者用法差不多 | ||
- 安装:`sudo apt-get install -y sysv-rc-conf` | ||
- 资料: | ||
- 图文资料:<http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme/article/details/45251389> | ||
- 图文资料:<http://gm100861.blog.51cto.com/1930562/950066> | ||
|
||
|
||
|
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ | ||
# Ubuntu 特殊命令 | ||
|
||
|
||
- `lsb_release -a`,查看发行代号 | ||
- `cat /etc/issue`,查看 Ubuntu 发行版本 | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
- `` | ||
|
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -1,173 +1,35 @@ | ||
# Ubuntu 介绍 | ||
|
||
- Ubuntu 母公司 Canonical:<http://www.canonical.com/> | ||
- Ubuntu 百科:<http://baike.baidu.com/item/ubuntu> | ||
- Ubuntu Wiki:<http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/Ubuntu> | ||
- Ubuntu 英文官网:<http://www.ubuntu.com> | ||
- Ubuntu 中文官网:<http://www.ubuntu.org.cn> | ||
- Ubuntu kylin 官网:<http://cn.Ubuntu.com/desktop> | ||
- Ubuntu 标准桌面版下载:<http://www.ubuntu.org.cn/download/desktop> | ||
- Ubuntu 官网回答社区:<http://askubuntu.com/> | ||
- Ubuntu 正式支援的衍生版本包括:Kubuntu、Edubuntu、Xubuntu、Ubuntu Kylin、Ubuntu Server Edition、Gobuntu、Ubuntu Studio、Ubuntu JeOS、Mythbuntu、BioInfoServOS、Ebuntu、Xubuntu、Fluxbuntu、Freespire、Gnoppix、gOS、Hiweed、Jolicloud、Gubuntu、Linux Deepin、Linux Mint、Lubuntu、nUbuntu、Ubuntu CE 等。 | ||
- Unity 桌面介绍:<http://www.oschina.net/p/ubuntu-unity> | ||
|
||
|
||
# Ubuntu 原型系统:Debian | ||
|
||
- Debian Wiki:<http://zh.wikipedia.org/zh/Debian> | ||
- Debian 百科:<http://baike.baidu.com/view/40687.htm> | ||
- Debian 官网:<http://www.debian.org/index.zh-cn.html> | ||
- Debian 自我介绍:<https://www.debian.org/intro/about> | ||
- 关键字: | ||
- [Debian 社群契约](https://www.debian.org/social_contract) | ||
- [何谓自由 (Free)? 或者说,何谓自由软件 (Free Software)?](https://www.debian.org/intro/free) | ||
- [什么是自由软件?](http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw) | ||
- [Debian 历史](https://www.debian.org/doc/manuals/project-history/) | ||
- Debian 的发行版介绍:<https://www.debian.org/releases/> | ||
- Debian 官网稳定版下载 1:<https://www.debian.org/distrib/> | ||
- Debian 官网稳定版下载 2:<https://www.debian.org/CD/http-ftp/#stable> | ||
- Debian 中国镜像 1:<http://mirrors.hust.edu.cn/debian-cd/> | ||
- Debian 中国镜像 2:<ftp://mirrors.sohu.com/debian-cd/> | ||
- Debian 中国镜像 3:<ftp://debian.ustc.edu.cn/debian-cd/> | ||
- Debian 中文安装手册:<https://www.debian.org/releases/stable/amd64/> | ||
- Debian 软件列表:<https://packages.debian.org/stable/> | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## 常用系统设置 | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
右键桌面设置中有一个“开启工作区“这个类似虚拟桌面,可以有多个桌面,工作的时候很有用。 | ||
|
||
桌面右键设置唤醒和黑屏之后唤醒不需要输入密码,既然是平时的开发机,那就没啥多大隐私,而且是在自己家里, 设置密码太麻烦了。 | ||
|
||
改变鼠标图标大小,小了我看着不爽,下面三个文章是我找的,但是都不适合我: | ||
http://askubuntu.com/questions/66843/how-to-change-mouse-cursor-and-theme | ||
http://www.wikihow.com/Change-Themes-on-Ubuntu-with-Gnome-Tweak-Tool | ||
http://askubuntu.com/questions/126491/how-do-i-change-the-cursor-and-its-size | ||
我最终的方式是:安装dconf-tools | ||
安装后好,编辑这个文件,命令:gedit ~/ .Xresources | ||
在打开的文件中添加这句话:Xcursor.size:48,其中48是文字大小,默认系统是24的大小,然后重启电脑即可。 | ||
|
||
查看隐藏文件和目录:按Ctrl+H | ||
http://jingyan.baidu.com/article/49711c61415945fa441b7c89.html | ||
|
||
Ubuntu使用root账号登录图形界面,必须先给root设置密码,并解锁: | ||
设置密码:sudo passwd root | ||
解锁:sudo passwd -u root | ||
锁住:sudo passwd -l root | ||
解锁之后,修改这个配置文件,命令:vi /etc/lightdm/lightdm.conf,最后添加一行:greeter-show-manual-login=true (这一行表示可以输入用户名的方式登录账号),重启电脑,登录界面就有一个可以输入用户名的输入框,直接输入root,再输入密码。 | ||
|
||
不输入密码执行sudo命令方法介绍: | ||
http://www.nenew.net/nopasswd-exec-sudo-sudoers.html | ||
http://blog.xuite.net/chingwei/blog/38359401……A2%BC(需要穿越) | ||
|
||
通过find命令查找系统文件的:(要查找整个硬盘,可以先切换到根目录,cd /) | ||
|
||
find / -name 文件名(文件名可以用使用通配符) | ||
|
||
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ||
|
||
1.查看内核版本 | ||
uname -a | ||
|
||
2.查看 Ubuntu 发行版本 | ||
cat /etc/issue | ||
|
||
3.查看发行代号 | ||
sudo lsb_release -a | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ||
|
||
## 修改源 | ||
|
||
简单地讲:修改资源源地址主要是为了加快下载速度,默认的资源源地址在是境外,速度肯定没有境内速度快。 | ||
|
||
了解源这东西:<http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8> | ||
|
||
文章的重点是页面最下面,每个版本的源地址都是不一样的,所以要懂得替换对应的版本英文名称,各个版本的英文名称大家自己找下,然后进行修改。 | ||
|
||
|
||
> 国内常用源配置方法: | ||
- 163 源:<http://mirrors.163.com/.help/ubuntu.html> | ||
- 阿里源:<http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/ubuntu> | ||
- sohu:<http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/ubuntu.html> | ||
|
||
> 替换过程(更换之前最好备份一下 sources.list 配置文件): | ||
- 我以 Ubuntu 14.04 为例,使用网易源: | ||
- 备份下:`sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_20151128_back.list` | ||
- 用 gedit 编辑器打开配置文件:`sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list`,替换里面所有内容为下面这些内容: | ||
- deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse | ||
- deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse | ||
|
||
> 更换源之后,需要在终端中执行,这是必须做的,不然你后面可能会遇到 apt-get 安装会提示:未发现软件包。 | ||
- `sudo apt-get update` | ||
|
||
## 安装软件基础 | ||
|
||
- 取回更新的软件包列表信息:`sudo apt-get update` | ||
- 查看已经安装了哪些包:`dpkg -l` | ||
- 查看已安装列表中是否有vim软件,没有安装则没有数据显示:`dpkg -l | grep vim` | ||
- 查看vim软件安装位置:`dpkg -L vim` | ||
- 安装名为XXX的软件:`sudo apt-get install XXX` | ||
- 卸载名为XXX的软件(保留配置文档):`sudo apt-get remove XXX` | ||
- 卸载名为XXX的软件(删除配置文档):`sudo apt-get –purge remove XXX` | ||
- 升级系统所有有新版本的软件:`sudo apt-get upgrade` | ||
- 删除已下载的旧包文件:`sudo apt-get autoclean` | ||
- 删除所有已下载的包文件:`sudo apt-get clean` | ||
- 卸载所有自动安装且不再使用的软件包:`sudo apt-get autoremove` | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
绿色版软件解压之后,是需要单独为它创建启动器,不然你只能用终端打开,用终端就太慢了,下面文章是常见的通过创建desktop文件来新建启动器的。 不知道除了创建desktop文件还有其他方式吗?我很讨厌这种方式,可是一直没找到,有的可以给我留言,感谢了! | ||
http://my.oschina.net/Obahua/blog/110612 | ||
http://www.cnblogs.com/enein/articles/2818864.html | ||
http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26404477-id-3462663.html | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
## 安装常用系统软件 | ||
|
||
- 安装各个软件之前的必须先执行的命令:`sudo apt-get update` | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
> sysv-rc-conf | ||
- 介绍:管理启动项,一般是用在 Ubuntu 系统上的,CentOS 一般大家用 chkconfig | ||
- 安装:`sudo apt-get install -y sysv-rc-conf ` | ||
- 资料: | ||
- http://blog.csdn.net/gatieme/article/details/45251389 | ||
- http://gm100861.blog.51cto.com/1930562/950066 | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ||
|
||
## 安装常用生活软件 | ||
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ||
## 安装常用开发软件 | ||
|
||
|
||
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ||
## Ubuntu 其他资料 | ||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
Ubuntu 桌面入门指南: | ||
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Ubuntu%E6%A1%8C%E9%9D%A2%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97 | ||
|
||
Ubuntu 服务器入门指南: | ||
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/Ubuntu%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97 | ||
|
||
技巧教程: | ||
http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/UbuntuSkills | ||
|
||
视频教程: | ||
http://www.imooc.com/index/search?words=Linux | ||
http://study.163.com/search.htm?p=Linux | ||
http://www.icoolxue.com/album/show/26 | ||
http://www.howzhi.com/search?q=Linux | ||
http://www.icoolxue.com/search/album/view/1/10?q=Linux | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2843130/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2752094/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2772159/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2973546/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2958768/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2872853/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2749954/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2739186/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2748974/ | ||
http://www.verycd.com/topics/2738557/ |
File renamed without changes
File renamed without changes
File renamed without changes
File renamed without changes
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ | ||
# Ubuntu 给 Dash 添加程序图标 | ||
|
||
## 创建图标文件 | ||
|
||
- 我们建设以创建 Eclipse 程序图标为例 | ||
- 进入图标存放目录|:`cd /usr/share/applications` | ||
- 创建文件并编辑:`sudo gedit eclipse.desktop` | ||
``` ini | ||
[Desktop Entry] | ||
Name=eclipse | ||
Name[zh_CN]=eclipse | ||
Comment=eclipse Client | ||
Exec=/usr/programa/tools/eclipse/eclipse | ||
Icon=/usr/programa/tools/eclipse/icon.xpm | ||
Terminal=false | ||
Type=Application | ||
Categories=Application; | ||
Encoding=UTF-8 | ||
StartupNotify=true | ||
``` | ||
- 重点参数说明(注意:路径使用完整路径) | ||
- Name 为你想要显示在 Launcher 中的名称 | ||
- Comment 为说明。 | ||
- Exec 为程序执行位置 | ||
- Icon 为图标所在路径 | ||
- 最后,打开 Dash,在顶部搜索框搜索 **eclipse**,此时你应该能搜到它,先单击试一下看能不能打开,如果可以打开,拖到该图标启动器上,下次就可以直接从启动器打开了 | ||
|
||
## 资料 | ||
|
||
- 图文资料:<http://my.oschina.net/Obahua/blog/110612> | ||
- 图文资料:<http://www.cnblogs.com/enein/articles/2818864.html> | ||
- 图文资料:<http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-26404477-id-3462663.html> |
This file contains bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters.
Learn more about bidirectional Unicode characters
Original file line number | Diff line number | Diff line change |
---|---|---|
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@ | ||
# Ubuntu 源设置 | ||
|
||
|
||
## 介绍 | ||
|
||
- 简单地讲:修改资源源地址主要是为了加快下载速度,默认的资源源地址在是境外,速度肯定没有境内速度快。 | ||
- 了解源这东西:<http://wiki.ubuntu.org.cn/%E6%BA%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8> | ||
- 文章的重点是页面最下面,每个版本的源地址都是不一样的,所以要懂得替换对应的版本英文名称,各个版本的英文名称大家自己找下,然后进行修改。 | ||
|
||
|
||
## 修改源 | ||
|
||
- 国内常用源配置方法: | ||
- 163 源:<http://mirrors.163.com/.help/ubuntu.html> | ||
- 阿里源:<http://mirrors.aliyun.com/help/ubuntu> | ||
- sohu:<http://mirrors.sohu.com/help/ubuntu.html> | ||
- 替换过程(更换之前最好备份一下 sources.list 配置文件): | ||
- 我以 Ubuntu 14.04 为例,使用网易源: | ||
- 备份下:`sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources_20151128_back.list` | ||
- 用 gedit 编辑器打开配置文件:`sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list`,替换里面所有内容为下面这些内容: | ||
``` ini | ||
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse | ||
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse | ||
``` | ||
- 更换源之后,需要在终端中执行:`sudo apt-get update`,这是必须做的,不然你后面可能会遇到 apt-get 安装会提示:未发现软件包。 |
Oops, something went wrong.