Merge bitcoin#30329: fuzz: improve utxo_snapshot target

de71d4d fuzz: improve utxo_snapshot target (Martin Zumsande)

Pull request description:

  Add the possibility of giving more guidance to the creation of the metadata and/or coins, so that the fuzzer gets the chance
  to reach more error conditions in ActivateSnapshot and sometimes successfully creates a valid snapshot.

  This also changes the asserts for the success case that were outdated (after bitcoin#29370) and only didn't result in a crash because the fuzzer wasn't able to reach this code before.

ACKs for top commit:
  maflcko:
    re-ACK de71d4d 🎆
  fjahr:
    utACK de71d4d
  TheCharlatan:
    ACK de71d4d

Tree-SHA512: 346974d594164544d8cd3df7d8362c905fd93116215e9f5df308dfdac55bab04d727bfd7fd001cf11318682d11ee329b4b4a43308124c04d64b67840ab8a58a0

src/kernel/chainparams.cpp

@@ -495,12 +495,19 @@ class CRegTestParams : public CChainParams
         };
 
         m_assumeutxo_data = {
-            {
+            {   // For use by unit tests
                 .height = 110,
                 .hash_serialized = AssumeutxoHash{uint256S("0x6657b736d4fe4db0cbc796789e812d5dba7f5c143764b1b6905612f1830609d1")},
                 .nChainTx = 111,
                 .blockhash = uint256S("0x696e92821f65549c7ee134edceeeeaaa4105647a3c4fd9f298c0aec0ab50425c")
             },
+            {
+                // For use by fuzz target src/test/fuzz/utxo_snapshot.cpp
+                .height = 200,
+                .hash_serialized = AssumeutxoHash{uint256S("0x4f34d431c3e482f6b0d67b64609ece3964dc8d7976d02ac68dd7c9c1421738f2")},
+                .nChainTx = 201,
+                .blockhash = uint256S("0x5e93653318f294fb5aa339d00bbf8cf1c3515488ad99412c37608b139ea63b27"),
+            },
             {
                 // For use by test/functional/feature_assumeutxo.py
                 .height = 299,

src/test/fuzz/utxo_snapshot.cpp

@@ -41,13 +41,39 @@ FUZZ_TARGET(utxo_snapshot, .init = initialize_chain)
 
     {
         AutoFile outfile{fsbridge::fopen(snapshot_path, "wb")};
-        const auto file_data{ConsumeRandomLengthByteVector(fuzzed_data_provider)};
-        outfile << Span{file_data};
+        // Metadata
+        if (fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool()) {
+            std::vector<uint8_t> metadata{ConsumeRandomLengthByteVector(fuzzed_data_provider)};
+            outfile << Span{metadata};
+        } else {
+            DataStream data_stream{};
+            auto msg_start = chainman.GetParams().MessageStart();
+            int base_blockheight{fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<int>(1, 2 * COINBASE_MATURITY)};
+            uint256 base_blockhash{g_chain->at(base_blockheight - 1)->GetHash()};
+            uint64_t m_coins_count{fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeIntegralInRange<uint64_t>(1, 3 * COINBASE_MATURITY)};
+            SnapshotMetadata metadata{msg_start, base_blockhash, base_blockheight, m_coins_count};
+            outfile << metadata;
+        }
+        // Coins
+        if (fuzzed_data_provider.ConsumeBool()) {
+            std::vector<uint8_t> file_data{ConsumeRandomLengthByteVector(fuzzed_data_provider)};
+            outfile << Span{file_data};
+        } else {
+            int height{0};
+            for (const auto& block : *g_chain) {
+                auto coinbase{block->vtx.at(0)};
+                outfile << coinbase->GetHash();
+                WriteCompactSize(outfile, 1); // number of coins for the hash
+                WriteCompactSize(outfile, 0); // index of coin
+                outfile << Coin(coinbase->vout[0], height, /*fCoinBaseIn=*/1);
+                height++;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
     const auto ActivateFuzzedSnapshot{[&] {
         AutoFile infile{fsbridge::fopen(snapshot_path, "rb")};
-        auto msg_start = Params().MessageStart();
+        auto msg_start = chainman.GetParams().MessageStart();
         SnapshotMetadata metadata{msg_start};
         try {
             infile >> metadata;
@@ -73,16 +99,20 @@ FUZZ_TARGET(utxo_snapshot, .init = initialize_chain)
         Assert(*chainman.ActiveChainstate().m_from_snapshot_blockhash ==
                *chainman.SnapshotBlockhash());
         const auto& coinscache{chainman.ActiveChainstate().CoinsTip()};
-        int64_t chain_tx{};
         for (const auto& block : *g_chain) {
             Assert(coinscache.HaveCoin(COutPoint{block->vtx.at(0)->GetHash(), 0}));
             const auto* index{chainman.m_blockman.LookupBlockIndex(block->GetHash())};
-            const auto num_tx{Assert(index)->nTx};
-            Assert(num_tx == 1);
-            chain_tx += num_tx;
+            Assert(index);
+            Assert(index->nTx == 0);
+            if (index->nHeight == chainman.GetSnapshotBaseHeight()) {
+                auto params{chainman.GetParams().AssumeutxoForHeight(index->nHeight)};
+                Assert(params.has_value());
+                Assert(params.value().nChainTx == index->nChainTx);
+            } else {
+                Assert(index->nChainTx == 0);
+            }
         }
         Assert(g_chain->size() == coinscache.GetCacheSize());
-        Assert(chain_tx == chainman.ActiveTip()->nChainTx);
     } else {
         Assert(!chainman.SnapshotBlockhash());
         Assert(!chainman.ActiveChainstate().m_from_snapshot_blockhash);

test/functional/feature_assumeutxo.py

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ def expected_error(log_msg="", rpc_details=""):
             with open(bad_snapshot_path, 'wb') as f:
                 f.write(valid_snapshot_contents[:11] + bogus_height.to_bytes(4, "little") + bytes.fromhex(bad_block_hash)[::-1] + valid_snapshot_contents[47:])
 
-            msg = f"Unable to load UTXO snapshot: assumeutxo block hash in snapshot metadata not recognized (hash: {bad_block_hash}, height: {bogus_height}). The following snapshot heights are available: 110, 299."
+            msg = f"Unable to load UTXO snapshot: assumeutxo block hash in snapshot metadata not recognized (hash: {bad_block_hash}, height: {bogus_height}). The following snapshot heights are available: 110, 200, 299."
             assert_raises_rpc_error(-32603, msg, node.loadtxoutset, bad_snapshot_path)
 
         self.log.info("  - snapshot file with wrong number of coins")