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rcu: reduce the number of spurious RCU_SOFTIRQ invocations
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Lai Jiangshan noted that up to 10% of the RCU_SOFTIRQ are spurious, and
traced this down to the fact that the current grace-period machinery
will uselessly raise RCU_SOFTIRQ when a given CPU needs to go through
a quiescent state, but has not yet done so.  In this situation, there
might well be nothing that RCU_SOFTIRQ can do, and the overhead can be
worth worrying about in the ksoftirqd case.  This patch therefore avoids
raising RCU_SOFTIRQ in this situation.

Changes since v1 (http://lkml.org/lkml/2010/3/30/122 from Lai Jiangshan):

o	Omit the rcu_qs_pending() prechecks, as they aren't that
	much less expensive than the quiescent-state checks.

o	Merge with the set_need_resched() patch that reduces IPIs.

o	Add the new n_rp_report_qs field to the rcu_pending tracing output.

o	Update the tracing documentation accordingly.

Signed-off-by: Lai Jiangshan <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <[email protected]>
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paulmck committed May 10, 2010
1 parent 4a90a06 commit d21670a
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Showing 4 changed files with 29 additions and 22 deletions.
35 changes: 19 additions & 16 deletions Documentation/RCU/trace.txt
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -256,23 +256,23 @@ o Each element of the form "1/1 0:127 ^0" represents one struct
The output of "cat rcu/rcu_pending" looks as follows:

rcu_sched:
0 np=255892 qsp=53936 cbr=0 cng=14417 gpc=10033 gps=24320 nf=6445 nn=146741
1 np=261224 qsp=54638 cbr=0 cng=25723 gpc=16310 gps=2849 nf=5912 nn=155792
2 np=237496 qsp=49664 cbr=0 cng=2762 gpc=45478 gps=1762 nf=1201 nn=136629
3 np=236249 qsp=48766 cbr=0 cng=286 gpc=48049 gps=1218 nf=207 nn=137723
4 np=221310 qsp=46850 cbr=0 cng=26 gpc=43161 gps=4634 nf=3529 nn=123110
5 np=237332 qsp=48449 cbr=0 cng=54 gpc=47920 gps=3252 nf=201 nn=137456
6 np=219995 qsp=46718 cbr=0 cng=50 gpc=42098 gps=6093 nf=4202 nn=120834
7 np=249893 qsp=49390 cbr=0 cng=72 gpc=38400 gps=17102 nf=41 nn=144888
0 np=255892 qsp=53936 rpq=85 cbr=0 cng=14417 gpc=10033 gps=24320 nf=6445 nn=146741
1 np=261224 qsp=54638 rpq=33 cbr=0 cng=25723 gpc=16310 gps=2849 nf=5912 nn=155792
2 np=237496 qsp=49664 rpq=23 cbr=0 cng=2762 gpc=45478 gps=1762 nf=1201 nn=136629
3 np=236249 qsp=48766 rpq=98 cbr=0 cng=286 gpc=48049 gps=1218 nf=207 nn=137723
4 np=221310 qsp=46850 rpq=7 cbr=0 cng=26 gpc=43161 gps=4634 nf=3529 nn=123110
5 np=237332 qsp=48449 rpq=9 cbr=0 cng=54 gpc=47920 gps=3252 nf=201 nn=137456
6 np=219995 qsp=46718 rpq=12 cbr=0 cng=50 gpc=42098 gps=6093 nf=4202 nn=120834
7 np=249893 qsp=49390 rpq=42 cbr=0 cng=72 gpc=38400 gps=17102 nf=41 nn=144888
rcu_bh:
0 np=146741 qsp=1419 cbr=0 cng=6 gpc=0 gps=0 nf=2 nn=145314
1 np=155792 qsp=12597 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=8 nf=3 nn=143180
2 np=136629 qsp=18680 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=7 gps=6 nf=0 nn=117936
3 np=137723 qsp=2843 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=10 gps=7 nf=0 nn=134863
4 np=123110 qsp=12433 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=2 nf=0 nn=110671
5 np=137456 qsp=4210 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=5 nf=0 nn=133235
6 np=120834 qsp=9902 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=3 nf=2 nn=110921
7 np=144888 qsp=26336 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=8 gps=2 nf=0 nn=118542
0 np=146741 qsp=1419 rpq=6 cbr=0 cng=6 gpc=0 gps=0 nf=2 nn=145314
1 np=155792 qsp=12597 rpq=3 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=8 nf=3 nn=143180
2 np=136629 qsp=18680 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=7 gps=6 nf=0 nn=117936
3 np=137723 qsp=2843 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=10 gps=7 nf=0 nn=134863
4 np=123110 qsp=12433 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=4 gps=2 nf=0 nn=110671
5 np=137456 qsp=4210 rpq=1 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=5 nf=0 nn=133235
6 np=120834 qsp=9902 rpq=2 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=6 gps=3 nf=2 nn=110921
7 np=144888 qsp=26336 rpq=0 cbr=0 cng=0 gpc=8 gps=2 nf=0 nn=118542

As always, this is once again split into "rcu_sched" and "rcu_bh"
portions, with CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU kernels having an additional
Expand All @@ -284,6 +284,9 @@ o "np" is the number of times that __rcu_pending() has been invoked
o "qsp" is the number of times that the RCU was waiting for a
quiescent state from this CPU.

o "rpq" is the number of times that the CPU had passed through
a quiescent state, but not yet reported it to RCU.

o "cbr" is the number of times that this CPU had RCU callbacks
that had passed through a grace period, and were thus ready
to be invoked.
Expand Down
11 changes: 6 additions & 5 deletions kernel/rcutree.c
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -1161,8 +1161,6 @@ static void rcu_do_batch(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
*/
void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
{
if (!rcu_pending(cpu))
return; /* if nothing for RCU to do. */
if (user ||
(idle_cpu(cpu) && rcu_scheduler_active &&
!in_softirq() && hardirq_count() <= (1 << HARDIRQ_SHIFT))) {
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1194,7 +1192,8 @@ void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
rcu_bh_qs(cpu);
}
rcu_preempt_check_callbacks(cpu);
raise_softirq(RCU_SOFTIRQ);
if (rcu_pending(cpu))
raise_softirq(RCU_SOFTIRQ);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -1534,18 +1533,20 @@ static int __rcu_pending(struct rcu_state *rsp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
check_cpu_stall(rsp, rdp);

/* Is the RCU core waiting for a quiescent state from this CPU? */
if (rdp->qs_pending) {
if (rdp->qs_pending && !rdp->passed_quiesc) {

/*
* If force_quiescent_state() coming soon and this CPU
* needs a quiescent state, and this is either RCU-sched
* or RCU-bh, force a local reschedule.
*/
rdp->n_rp_qs_pending++;
if (!rdp->preemptable &&
ULONG_CMP_LT(ACCESS_ONCE(rsp->jiffies_force_qs) - 1,
jiffies))
set_need_resched();
rdp->n_rp_qs_pending++;
} else if (rdp->qs_pending && rdp->passed_quiesc) {
rdp->n_rp_report_qs++;
return 1;
}

Expand Down
1 change: 1 addition & 0 deletions kernel/rcutree.h
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -223,6 +223,7 @@ struct rcu_data {
/* 5) __rcu_pending() statistics. */
unsigned long n_rcu_pending; /* rcu_pending() calls since boot. */
unsigned long n_rp_qs_pending;
unsigned long n_rp_report_qs;
unsigned long n_rp_cb_ready;
unsigned long n_rp_cpu_needs_gp;
unsigned long n_rp_gp_completed;
Expand Down
4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion kernel/rcutree_trace.c
View file
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -241,11 +241,13 @@ static const struct file_operations rcugp_fops = {
static void print_one_rcu_pending(struct seq_file *m, struct rcu_data *rdp)
{
seq_printf(m, "%3d%cnp=%ld "
"qsp=%ld cbr=%ld cng=%ld gpc=%ld gps=%ld nf=%ld nn=%ld\n",
"qsp=%ld rpq=%ld cbr=%ld cng=%ld "
"gpc=%ld gps=%ld nf=%ld nn=%ld\n",
rdp->cpu,
cpu_is_offline(rdp->cpu) ? '!' : ' ',
rdp->n_rcu_pending,
rdp->n_rp_qs_pending,
rdp->n_rp_report_qs,
rdp->n_rp_cb_ready,
rdp->n_rp_cpu_needs_gp,
rdp->n_rp_gp_completed,
Expand Down

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