docs: rewrite to present tense

... instead of using future tense.

+ numerous cleanups and improvements
+ stick to "reuse" not "re-use"
+ fewer contractions

Closes curl#11713

docs/CHECKSRC.md

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ warnings are:
    more appropriate `char *name` style. The asterisk should sit right next to
    the name without a space in between.
 
-- `BADCOMMAND`: There's a bad `checksrc` instruction in the code. See the
+- `BADCOMMAND`: There is a bad `checksrc` instruction in the code. See the
    **Ignore certain warnings** section below for details.
 
 - `BANNEDFUNC`: A banned function was used. The functions sprintf, vsprintf,

docs/CODE_STYLE.md

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ Source code in curl may never be wider than 79 columns and there are two
 reasons for maintaining this even in the modern era of large and high
 resolution screens:
 
-1. Narrower columns are easier to read than wide ones. There's a reason
+1. Narrower columns are easier to read than wide ones. There is a reason
    newspapers have used columns for decades or centuries.
 
 2. Narrower columns allow developers to easier show multiple pieces of code

docs/CONTRIBUTE.md

@@ -206,11 +206,11 @@ A short guide to how to write git commit messages in the curl project.
     [Bug: URL to the source of the report or more related discussion; use Fixes
         for GitHub issues instead when that is appropriate]
     [Approved-by: John Doe - credit someone who approved the PR; if you are
-        committing this for someone else using --author=... you don't need this
+        committing this for someone else using --author=... you do not need this
         as you are implicitly approving it by committing]
     [Authored-by: John Doe - credit the original author of the code; only use
-        this if you can't use "git commit --author=..."]
-    [Signed-off-by: John Doe - we don't use this, but don't bother removing it]
+        this if you cannot use "git commit --author=..."]
+    [Signed-off-by: John Doe - we do not use this, but do not bother removing it]
     [whatever-else-by: credit all helpers, finders, doers; try to use one of
         the following keywords if at all possible, for consistency:
         Acked-by:, Assisted-by:, Co-authored-by:, Found-by:, Reported-by:,
@@ -232,17 +232,17 @@ The first line is a succinct description of the change:
  - no period (.) at the end
 
 The `[area]` in the first line can be `http2`, `cookies`, `openssl` or
-similar. There's no fixed list to select from but using the same "area" as
+similar. There is no fixed list to select from but using the same "area" as
 other related changes could make sense.
 
 Do not forget to use commit --author=... if you commit someone else's work, and
 make sure that you have your own user and email setup correctly in git before
 you commit.
 
 Add whichever header lines as appropriate, with one line per person if more
-than one person was involved. There's no need to credit yourself unless you are
-using --author=... which hides your identity. Don't include people's e-mail
-addresses in headers to avoid spam, unless they're already public from a
+than one person was involved. There is no need to credit yourself unless you are
+using --author=... which hides your identity. Do not include people's e-mail
+addresses in headers to avoid spam, unless they are already public from a
 previous commit; saying `{userid} on github` is OK.
 
 ### Write Access to git Repository

docs/DYNBUF.md

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ void Curl_dyn_free(struct dynbuf *s);
 ```
 
 Free the associated memory and clean up. After a free, the `dynbuf` struct can
-be re-used to start appending new data to.
+be reused to start appending new data to.
 
 ## `Curl_dyn_addn`
 

docs/EARLY-RELEASE.md

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ the three ones above are all 'no'.
  - Is there a (decent) workaround?
  - Is it a regression? Is the bug introduced in this release?
  - Can the bug be fixed "easily" by applying a patch?
- - Does the bug break the build? Most users don't build curl themselves.
+ - Does the bug break the build? Most users do not build curl themselves.
  - How long is it until the already scheduled next release?
  - Can affected users safely rather revert to a former release until the next
    scheduled release?

docs/FAQ

@@ -1498,7 +1498,7 @@ FAQ
   unknown to me).
 
   After a transfer, you just set new options in the handle and make another
-  transfer. This will make libcurl re-use the same connection if it can.
+  transfer. This will make libcurl reuse the same connection if it can.
 
   7.4 Does PHP/CURL have dependencies?
 

docs/HELP-US.md

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ even maybe not a terribly experienced developer, here's our advice:
 
 In the issue tracker we occasionally mark bugs with [help
 wanted](https://github.com/curl/curl/labels/help%20wanted), as a sign that the
-bug is acknowledged to exist and that there's nobody known to work on this
+bug is acknowledged to exist and that there is nobody known to work on this
 issue for the moment. Those are bugs that are fine to "grab" and provide a
 pull request for. The complexity level of these will of course vary, so pick
 one that piques your interest.

docs/HISTORY.md

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ Starting with 7.10, curl verifies SSL server certificates by default.
 January: Started working on the distributed curl tests. The autobuilds.
 
 February: the curl site averages at 20000 visits weekly. At any given moment,
-there's an average of 3 people browsing the website.
+there is an average of 3 people browsing the website.
 
 Multiple new authentication schemes are supported: Digest (May), NTLM (June)
 and Negotiate (June).

docs/HTTP2.md

@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ connection.
 
 To take advantage of multiplexing, you need to use the multi interface and set
 `CURLMOPT_PIPELINING` to `CURLPIPE_MULTIPLEX`. With that bit set, libcurl will
-attempt to re-use existing HTTP/2 connections and just add a new stream over
+attempt to reuse existing HTTP/2 connections and just add a new stream over
 that when doing subsequent parallel requests.
 
 While libcurl sets up a connection to an HTTP server there is a period during
 which it does not know if it can pipeline or do multiplexing and if you add
 new transfers in that period, libcurl will default to start new connections
 for those transfers. With the new option `CURLOPT_PIPEWAIT` (added in 7.43.0),
-you can ask that a transfer should rather wait and see in case there's a
+you can ask that a transfer should rather wait and see in case there is a
 connection for the same host in progress that might end up being possible to
 multiplex on. It favors keeping the number of connections low to the cost of
 slightly longer time to first byte transferred.

docs/HTTP3.md

@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ should be either in your PATH or your current directory.
 Create a `Caddyfile` with the following content:
 ~~~
 localhost:7443 {
-	respond "Hello, world! You're using {http.request.proto}"
+	respond "Hello, world! you are using {http.request.proto}"
 }
 ~~~
 

docs/KNOWN_BUGS

@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ problems may have been fixed or changed somewhat since this was written.
  15.13 CMake build with MIT Kerberos does not work
 
  16. aws-sigv4
- 16.1 aws-sigv4 doesn't sign requests with * correctly
- 16.2 aws-sigv4 doesn't sign requests with valueless queries correctly
+ 16.1 aws-sigv4 does not sign requests with * correctly
+ 16.2 aws-sigv4 does not sign requests with valueless queries correctly
  16.3 aws-sigv4 is missing the amz-content-sha256 header
  16.4 aws-sigv4 does not sort query string parameters before signing
  16.5 aws-sigv4 does not sign requests with empty URL query correctly
@@ -516,8 +516,8 @@ problems may have been fixed or changed somewhat since this was written.
 
 13.2 Trying local ports fails on Windows
 
- This makes '--local-port [range]' to not work since curl can't properly
- detect if a port is already in use, so it'll try the first port, use that and
+ This makes '--local-port [range]' to not work since curl cannot properly
+ detect if a port is already in use, so it will try the first port, use that and
  then subsequently fail anyway if that was actually in use.
 
  https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/8112
@@ -581,11 +581,11 @@ problems may have been fixed or changed somewhat since this was written.
 
 16. aws-sigv4
 
-16.1 aws-sigv4 doesn't sign requests with * correctly
+16.1 aws-sigv4 does not sign requests with * correctly
 
  https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/7559
 
-16.2 aws-sigv4 doesn't sign requests with valueless queries correctly
+16.2 aws-sigv4 does not sign requests with valueless queries correctly
 
  https://github.com/curl/curl/issues/8107
 

docs/MAIL-ETIQUETTE

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ MAIL ETIQUETTE
   your email address and password and press the unsubscribe button.
 
   Also, the instructions to unsubscribe are included in the headers of every
-  mail that is sent out to all curl related mailing lists and there's a footer
+  mail that is sent out to all curl related mailing lists and there is a footer
   in each mail that links to the "admin" page on which you can unsubscribe and
   change other options.
 

docs/THANKS-filter

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
 # appropriately in THANKS. This list contains variations of their names and
 # their "canonical" name. This file is used for scripting purposes to avoid
 # duplicate entries and will not be included in release tarballs.
-# When removing dupes that aren't identical names from THANKS, add a line
+# When removing dupes that are not identical names from THANKS, add a line
 # here!
 #
 # Used-by: contributors.sh

docs/TODO

@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@
 
 6.4 exit immediately upon connection if stdin is /dev/null
 
- If it did, curl could be used to probe if there's an server there listening
+ If it did, curl could be used to probe if there is an server there listening
  on a specific port. That is, the following command would exit immediately
  after the connection is established with exit code 0:
 
@@ -819,9 +819,9 @@
  request as well, when they should only be necessary once per SSL context (or
  once per handle)". The major improvement we can rather easily do is to make
  sure we do not create and kill a new SSL "context" for every request, but
- instead make one for every connection and re-use that SSL context in the same
- style connections are re-used. It will make us use slightly more memory but
- it will libcurl do less creations and deletions of SSL contexts.
+ instead make one for every connection and reuse that SSL context in the same
+ style connections are reused. It will make us use slightly more memory but it
+ will libcurl do less creations and deletions of SSL contexts.
 
  Technically, the "caching" is probably best implemented by getting added to
  the share interface so that easy handles who want to and can reuse the
@@ -841,7 +841,7 @@
 
  OpenSSL supports a callback for customised verification of the peer
  certificate, but this does not seem to be exposed in the libcurl APIs. Could
- it be? There's so much that could be done if it were.
+ it be? There is so much that could be done if it were.
 
 13.7 Less memory massaging with Schannel
 
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@
 18.13 Ratelimit or wait between serial requests
 
  Consider a command line option that can make curl do multiple serial requests
- slow, potentially with a (random) wait between transfers. There's also a
+ slow, potentially with a (random) wait between transfers. There is also a
  proposed set of standard HTTP headers to let servers let the client adapt to
  its rate limits:
  https://www.ietf.org/id/draft-polli-ratelimit-headers-02.html
@@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@
  URL, the file name is not extracted and used from the newly redirected-to URL
  even if the new URL may have a much more sensible file name.
 
- This is clearly documented and helps for security since there's no surprise
+ This is clearly documented and helps for security since there is no surprise
  to users which file name that might get overwritten. But maybe a new option
  could allow for this or maybe -J should imply such a treatment as well as -J
  already allows for the server to decide what file name to use so it already
@@ -1341,9 +1341,9 @@
 
 20.5 Add support for concurrent connections
 
- Tests 836, 882 and 938 were designed to verify that separate connections
- are not used when using different login credentials in protocols that
- should not re-use a connection under such circumstances.
+ Tests 836, 882 and 938 were designed to verify that separate connections are
+ not used when using different login credentials in protocols that should not
+ reuse a connection under such circumstances.
 
  Unfortunately, ftpserver.pl does not appear to support multiple concurrent
  connections. The read while() loop seems to loop until it receives a

docs/URL-SYNTAX.md

@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ of Windows.
 
 ## Port number
 
-If there's a colon after the hostname, that should be followed by the port
+If there is a colon after the hostname, that should be followed by the port
 number to use. 1 - 65535. curl also supports a blank port number field - but
 only if the URL starts with a scheme.
 
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ The default smtp port is 25. Some servers use port 587 as an alternative.
 
 ## RTMP
 
-There's no official URL spec for RTMP so libcurl uses the URL syntax supported
+There is no official URL spec for RTMP so libcurl uses the URL syntax supported
 by the underlying librtmp library. It has a syntax where it wants a
 traditional URL, followed by a space and a series of space-separated
 `name=value` pairs.

docs/cmdline-opts/form-string.d

@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@ Multi: append
 Similar to --form except that the value string for the named parameter is used
 literally. Leading '@' and '<' characters, and the ';type=' string in
 the value have no special meaning. Use this in preference to --form if
-there's any possibility that the string value may accidentally trigger the
+there is any possibility that the string value may accidentally trigger the
 '@' or '<' features of --form.

docs/cmdline-opts/ftp-skip-pasv-ip.d

@@ -9,10 +9,9 @@ Category: ftp
 Example: --ftp-skip-pasv-ip ftp://example.com/
 Multi: boolean
 ---
-Tell curl to not use the IP address the server suggests in its response
-to curl's PASV command when curl connects the data connection. Instead curl
-will re-use the same IP address it already uses for the control
-connection.
+Tell curl to not use the IP address the server suggests in its response to
+curl's PASV command when curl connects the data connection. Instead curl will
+reuse the same IP address it already uses for the control connection.
 
 Since curl 7.74.0 this option is enabled by default.
 

docs/cmdline-opts/gen.pl

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 We open *input* files in :crlf translation (a no-op on many platforms) in
 case we have CRLF line endings in Windows but a perl that defaults to LF.
-Unfortunately it seems some perls like msysgit can't handle a global input-only
+Unfortunately it seems some perls like msysgit cannot handle a global input-only
 :crlf so it has to be specified on each file open for text input.
 
 =end comment
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ sub too_old {
 sub added {
     my ($standalone, $data)=@_;
     if(too_old($data)) {
-        # don't mention ancient additions
+        # do not mention ancient additions
         return "";
     }
     if($standalone) {

docs/cmdline-opts/noproxy.d

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ example, local.com would match local.com, local.com:80, and www.local.com, but
 not www.notlocal.com.
 
 Since 7.53.0, This option overrides the environment variables that disable the
-proxy ('no_proxy' and 'NO_PROXY'). If there's an environment variable
+proxy ('no_proxy' and 'NO_PROXY'). If there is an environment variable
 disabling a proxy, you can set the no proxy list to "" to override it.
 
 Since 7.86.0, IP addresses specified to this option can be provided using CIDR

docs/cmdline-opts/page-header

@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ in a sequential manner in the specified order unless you use --parallel. You
 can specify command line options and URLs mixed and in any order on the
 command line.
 
-curl attempts to re-use connections when doing multiple transfers, so that
+curl attempts to reuse connections when doing multiple transfers, so that
 getting many files from the same server do not use multiple connects and setup
-handshakes. This improves speed. Connection re-use can only be done for URLs
+handshakes. This improves speed. Connection reuse can only be done for URLs
 specified for a single command line invocation and cannot be performed between
 separate curl runs.
 

docs/cmdline-opts/proxy.d

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ If the port number is not specified in the proxy string, it is assumed to be
 1080.
 
 This option overrides existing environment variables that set the proxy to
-use. If there's an environment variable setting a proxy, you can set proxy to
+use. If there is an environment variable setting a proxy, you can set proxy to
 "" to override it.
 
 All operations that are performed over an HTTP proxy will transparently be

docs/cmdline-opts/remote-header-name.d

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ in the destination directory, it will not be overwritten and an error will
 occur - unless you allow it by using the --clobber option. If the server does
 not specify a file name then this option has no effect.
 
-There's no attempt to decode %-sequences (yet) in the provided file name, so
+There is no attempt to decode %-sequences (yet) in the provided file name, so
 this option may provide you with rather unexpected file names.
 
 This feature uses the name from the "filename" field, it does not yet support

docs/examples/Makefile.example

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ CC = gcc
 # Compiler flags, -g for debug, -c to make an object file
 CFLAGS = -c -g
 
-# This should point to a directory that holds libcurl, if it isn't
+# This should point to a directory that holds libcurl, if it is not
 # in the system's standard lib dir
 # We also set a -L to include the directory where we have the openssl
 # libraries

docs/examples/Makefile.inc

@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ check_PROGRAMS = \
   websocket-cb
 
 # These examples require external dependencies that may not be commonly
-# available on POSIX systems, so don't bother attempting to compile them here.
+# available on POSIX systems, so do not bother attempting to compile them here.
 COMPLICATED_EXAMPLES = \
   cacertinmem.c \
   crawler.c \

docs/examples/anyauthput.c

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static int my_seek(void *userp, curl_off_t offset, int origin)
   FILE *fp = (FILE *) userp;
 
   if(-1 == fseek(fp, (long) offset, origin))
-    /* couldn't seek */
+    /* could not seek */
     return CURL_SEEKFUNC_CANTSEEK;
 
   return CURL_SEEKFUNC_OK; /* success! */

docs/examples/ftpget.c

@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ int main(void)
      */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL,
                      "ftp://ftp.example.com/curl/curl-7.9.2.tar.gz");
-    /* Define our callback to get called when there's data to be written */
+    /* Define our callback to get called when there is data to be written */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, my_fwrite);
     /* Set a pointer to our struct to pass to the callback */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &ftpfile);

docs/examples/ftpsget.c

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ int main(void)
      */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_URL,
                      "ftp://user@server/home/user/file.txt");
-    /* Define our callback to get called when there's data to be written */
+    /* Define our callback to get called when there is data to be written */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, my_fwrite);
     /* Set a pointer to our struct to pass to the callback */
     curl_easy_setopt(curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &ftpfile);

docs/examples/http2-pushinmemory.c

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ static void setup(CURL *hnd)
   curl_easy_setopt(hnd, CURLOPT_PIPEWAIT, 1L);
 }
 
-/* called when there's an incoming push */
+/* called when there is an incoming push */
 static int server_push_callback(CURL *parent,
                                 CURL *easy,
                                 size_t num_headers,