Port tests to pytest

Use simple asserts and pytest's powerful introspection to make testing
simpler. This merges the old .py/.ref file pairs into simple .py files
where the expected values are right next to the code being tested.

This commit does not touch the C++ part of the code and replicates the
Python tests exactly like the old .ref-file-based approach.

.appveyor.yml

@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ platform:
 - x86
 - x64
 environment:
-  CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE: 1
   matrix:
   - CONDA: 27
   - CONDA: 35
@@ -16,12 +15,12 @@ install:
       if ($env:PLATFORM -eq "x64") { $env:PYTHON = "$env:PYTHON-x64" }
       $env:PATH = "C:\Python$env:PYTHON\;C:\Python$env:PYTHON\Scripts\;$env:PATH"
       pip install --disable-pip-version-check --user --upgrade pip wheel
-      pip install numpy scipy
+      pip install pytest numpy scipy
     } elseif ($env:CONDA) {
       if ($env:CONDA -eq "27") { $env:CONDA = "" }
       if ($env:PLATFORM -eq "x64") { $env:CONDA = "$env:CONDA-x64" }
       $env:PATH = "C:\Miniconda$env:CONDA\;C:\Miniconda$env:CONDA\Scripts\;$env:PATH"
-      conda install -y -q numpy scipy
+      conda install -y -q pytest numpy scipy
     }
 - ps: |
     Start-FileDownload 'http://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.2.9.zip'
@@ -30,4 +29,4 @@ install:
 build_script:
 - cmake -A "%CMAKE_ARCH%" -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
 - set MSBuildLogger="C:\Program Files\AppVeyor\BuildAgent\Appveyor.MSBuildLogger.dll"
-- cmake --build . --config Release --target check -- /v:m /logger:%MSBuildLogger%
+- cmake --build . --config Release --target pytest -- /v:m /logger:%MSBuildLogger%

.gitignore

@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@ CMakeFiles
 Makefile
 cmake_install.cmake
 .DS_Store
-/example/example*.so
-/example/example.cpython*.so
-/example/example.pyd
-/example/example*.dll
+*.so
+*.pyd
+*.dll
 *.sln
 *.sdf
 *.opensdf
@@ -32,3 +31,4 @@ MANIFEST
 /dist
 /build
 /cmake/
+.cache/

.travis.yml

@@ -98,12 +98,12 @@ install:
 
   wget -q -O eigen.tar.gz https://bitbucket.org/eigen/eigen/get/3.2.9.tar.gz
   tar xzf eigen.tar.gz
-  export CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS="${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS} -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=eigen-eigen-dc6cfdf9bcec"
+  export CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS="${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS} -DCMAKE_INCLUDE_PATH=$PWD/eigen-eigen-dc6cfdf9bcec"
 script:
 - $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX cmake ${CMAKE_EXTRA_ARGS}
     -DPYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION=$PYTHON
     -DPYBIND11_CPP_STANDARD=-std=c++$CPP
     -DPYBIND11_WERROR=ON
-- $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX make CTEST_OUTPUT_ON_FAILURE=TRUE check -j 2
+- $SCRIPT_RUN_PREFIX make pytest -j 2
 after_script:
 - if [ -n "$DOCKER" ]; then docker stop "$containerid"; docker rm "$containerid"; fi

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# CMakeLists.txt -- Build system for the pybind11 examples
+# CMakeLists.txt -- Build system for the pybind11 modules
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2015 Wenzel Jakob <[email protected]>
 #
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ option(PYBIND11_TEST    "Build pybind11 test suite?"     ${PYBIND11_MASTER_PROJE
 option(PYBIND11_WERROR  "Report all warnings as errors"  OFF)
 
 # Add a CMake parameter for choosing a desired Python version
-set(PYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Python version to use for compiling the example application")
+set(PYBIND11_PYTHON_VERSION "" CACHE STRING "Python version to use for compiling modules")
 
 list(APPEND CMAKE_MODULE_PATH "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/tools")
 set(Python_ADDITIONAL_VERSIONS 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7)
@@ -146,17 +146,15 @@ function(pybind11_enable_warnings target_name)
 
   if(PYBIND11_WERROR)
     if(MSVC)
-        target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE /WX)
+      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE /WX)
     else()
-        target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Werror)
+      target_compile_options(${target_name} PRIVATE -Werror)
     endif()
   endif()
 endfunction()
 
 if (PYBIND11_TEST)
-  enable_testing()
-  add_subdirectory(example)
-  add_custom_target(check COMMAND ${CMAKE_CTEST_COMMAND} -C $<CONFIGURATION> DEPENDS example)
+  add_subdirectory(tests)
 endif()
 
 if (PYBIND11_INSTALL)