changed doc style

README.md

@@ -15,11 +15,30 @@
 - **commit**([How?](https://help.github.com/articles/create-a-repo#commit-your-first-change)) in your own repository.
 - Create a **pull request**([How?](https://help.github.com/articles/using-pull-requests)) for me.
 
-### Getting Start
-
-[Begin to read](http://pezy.viewdocs.io/Cpp-Primer)
-
-Thanks for [viewdocs](https://github.com/progrium/viewdocs).
+### Table of Contents
+
+- [Chapter 1. Getting Started](ch01/README.md)
+- Part I: The Basics
+  - [Chapter 2. Variables and Basic Types](ch02/README.md)
+  - [Chapter 3. Strings, Vectors, and Arrays](ch03/README.md)
+  - [Chapter 4. Expressions](ch04/README.md)
+  - Chapter 5. Statements
+  - Chapter 6. Functions
+  - Chapter 7. Classes
+  - Chapter 8. The IO Library
+- Part II: The C++ Library
+  - Chapter 9. Sequential Containers
+  - Chapter 10. Generic Algorithms
+  - Chapter 11. Associative Containers
+  - Chapter 12. Dynamic Memory
+- Part III: Tools for Class Authors
+  - Chapter 13. Copy Control
+  - Chapter 14. Overloaded Operations and Conversions
+  - Chapter 15. Object-Oriented Programming
+  - Chapter 16. Templates and Generic Programming
+  - Chapter 17. Specialized Library Facilities
+  - Chapter 18. Tools for Large Programs
+  - Chapter 19. Specialized Tools and Techniques
 
 ### Read more?
 

ch01/README.md

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+##Exercise 1.1
+
+> Review the documentation for your compiler and determine what file naming convention it uses. Compile and run the main program from page 2.
+
+### Windows
+
+![windows](https://db.tt/XGeGsg7O)
+
+### Linux
+
+![Linux](https://db.tt/2xKWuztU)
+
+##Exercise 1.2
+
+> Exercise 1.2: Change the program to return -1. A return value of -1 is often treated as an indicator that the program failed. Recompile and rerun your program to see how your system treats a failure indicator from main.
+
+###Windows
+
+![windows](https://db.tt/DIJd9eZb)
+
+###Linux
+
+![linux](https://db.tt/lhzXhpCt)
+
+**255**? why? please look at [this](http://www.tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/exitcodes.html)
+
+##Exercise 1.3
+> Write a program to print Hello, World on the standard output.
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  std::cout << "Hello, World" << endl;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+##Exercise 1.4
+> Our program used the addition operator, +, to add two numbers. Write a program that uses the multiplication operator, *, to print the product instead.
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;
+  int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
+  std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
+  std::cout << "The product of " << v1 << " and " << v2
+  << " is " << v1 * v2 << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+##Exercise 1.5
+
+> We wrote the output in one large statement. Rewrite the program to use a separate statement to print each operand.
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  std::cout << "Enter two numbers:" << std::endl;
+  int v1 = 0, v2 = 0;
+  std::cin >> v1 >> v2;
+  std::cout << "The product of ";
+  std::cout << v1;
+  std::cout << " and ";
+  std::cout << v2;
+  std::cout << " is ";
+  std::cout << v1 * v2;
+  std::cout << std::endl;
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+##Exercise 1.6
+> Explain whether the following program fragment is legal.
+
+It's illegal.
+
+**[Error] expected primary-expression before '<<' token**
+
+Fixed it: remove the spare semicolons.
+
+```cpp
+std::cout << "The sum of " << v1
+          << " and " << v2
+          << " is " << v1 + v2 << std::endl;
+```
+
+##Exercise 1.7
+
+> Compile a program that has incorrectly nested comments.
+
+Example:
+```cpp
+/*
+* comment pairs /* */ cannot nest.
+* ''cannot nest'' is considered source code,
+* as is the rest of the program
+*/
+int main()
+{
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Compiled result(g++):
+
+![result](https://db.tt/CqQKu8GQ)
+
+##Exercise 1.8
+
+> Indicate which, if any, of the following output statements are legal:
+```cpp
+std::cout << "/*";
+std::cout << "*/";
+std::cout << /* "*/" */;
+std::cout << /* "*/" /* "/*" */;
+```
+> After you’ve predicted what will happen, test your answers by compiling a
+program with each of these statements. Correct any errors you encounter.
+
+Compiled result(g++):
+
+![result](https://db.tt/mrL9hDCS)
+
+Corrected? just added a quote:
+```cpp
+std::cout << "/*";
+std::cout << "*/";
+std::cout << /* "*/" */";
+std::cout << /* "*/" /* "/*" */;
+```
+
+Output:
+
+    /**/ */ /*
+
+##[Exercise 1.9](ex1_9.cpp)
+##[Exercise 1.10](ex1_10.cpp)
+##[Exercise 1.11](ex1_11.cpp)
+
+##Exercise 1.12
+> What does the following for loop do? What is the final value
+of sum?
+```cpp
+int sum = 0;
+for (int i = -100; i <= 100; ++i)
+sum += i;
+```
+
+the loop sums the numbers from -100 to 100. the final value of sum is zero.
+
+##Exercise 1.13
+> Rewrite the exercises from § 1.4.1 (p. 13) using for loops.
+
+Ex1.9:
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  int sum = 0;
+  for (int i=50; i<=100; ++i)
+      sum += i;
+
+  std::cout << "the sum is: " << sum << std::endl;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Ex1.10:
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  for (int i=10; i>=0; --i)
+    std::cout << i << std::endl;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Ex1.11:
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  int val_small = 0, val_big = 0;
+  std::cout << "please input two integers:";
+  std::cin >> val_small >> val_big;
+
+  if (val_small > val_big)
+  {
+    int tmp = val_small;
+    val_small = val_big;
+    val_big = tmp;
+  }
+
+  for (int i=val_small; i<=val_big; ++i)
+    std::cout << i << std::endl;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+##Exercise 1.14
+> Compare and contrast the loops that used a for with those
+using a while. Are there advantages or disadvantages to using either form?
+
+If you need a pattern which is using a variable in a condition and incrementing that variable in the
+body. You should use `for` loop. Else the `while` loop is more simple.
+
+Want to know more? look at [this](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1600282/guideline-while-vs-for)
+
+##Exercise 1.15
+> Write programs that contain the common errors discussed in
+the box on page 16. Familiarize yourself with the messages the compiler
+generates.
+
+**JUST READ IT!**
+
+##Exercise 1.16
+
+> Write your own version of a program that prints the sum of a set of integers read from cin.
+
+Many people confused about this exercise, such as [this](http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/104169/) and [this](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/17841424/how-to-write-this-while-loop-as-a-for-loop).
+
+In my opinion, the exercise aim to write the program without "**END-OF-FILE**".
+
+**BUT**, the [code](http://www.cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/104169/#msg561450) in first link is not correct.
+
+The following are my own version:
+
+```cpp
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main()
+{
+  int limit = 0, sum = 0, value = 0;
+  std::cout << "How many integers would you like to enter?";
+  std::cin >> limit;
+
+  // assume we don't know what is EOF(End-Of-File).
+  while (std::cin >> value && (--limit != 0))
+    sum += value;
+
+  std::cout << sum + value << std::endl;
+
+  return 0;
+}
+```
+
+Watch out for "sum + value" in the `cout` line.
+
+##Exercise 1.17
+
+> What happens in the program presented in this section if the input values are all equal? What if there are no duplicated values?
+
+If the input values are all equal, it will print nothing unless you enter `EOF`.
+
+If there are no duplicated values, when different values input, a new line will be printed if you click `Enter`.
+
+##Exercise 1.18
+
+> Compile and run the program from this section giving it only equal values as input. Run it again giving it values in which no number is repeated.
+
+![run](https://db.tt/F38zExnq)
+
+##Exercise 1.19
+
+> Revise the program you wrote for the exercises in § 1.4.1 (p. 13) that printed a range of numbers so that it handles input in which the first number is smaller than the second.
+
+Yes, we should use `if` to judge which is bigger.
+
+review this [code](https://github.com/pezy/Cpp-Primer/blob/master/ch01/ex1_11.cpp)
+
+##Exercise 1.20
+
+> http://www.informit.com/title/032174113 contains a copy of Sales_item.h in the Chapter 1 code directory. Copy that file to your working directory. Use it to write a program that reads a set of book sales transactions, writing each transaction to the standard output.
+
+[Here](ex1_20.cpp) is the code.
+
+**You need to enable C++11 support in your compiler.
+With GCC and Clang, this can be done with the `-std=c++11` option.**
+
+**(Never say it again.)**
+
+How to test it? use the `book.txt` in `data` folder. And do it like this:
+
+![run](https://db.tt/fm8iHtkF)
+
+##Exercise 1.21
+> Write a program that reads two Sales_item objects that have the same ISBN and produces their sum.
+
+The program should check whether the objects have the same ISBN.(Have a look at 1.5.2, surprise!)
+
+[Code](ex1_21.cpp)
+
+##Exercise 1.22
+
+> Write a program that reads several transactions for the same ISBN. Write the sum of all the transactions that were read.
+
+Tips: this program will appear in the section 1.6.
+
+[Here](ex1_22.cpp) is the code.
+
+![run](https://db.tt/UlkuvpAS)
+
+##Exercise 1.23
+> Write a program that reads several transactions and counts
+how many transactions occur for each ISBN.
+
+Tip: please review the `1.4.4`.
+
+[Here](ex1_23.cpp) is the code.
+
+##Exercise 1.24
+> Test the previous program by giving multiple transactions
+representing multiple ISBNs. The records for each ISBN should be grouped
+together.
+
+You can use data/book.txt as the records.
+
+![run](https://db.tt/EeDI7lvN)
+
+##Exercise 1.25
+> Using the Sales_item.h header from the Web site,
+compile and execute the bookstore program presented in this section.
+
+It is the same as Exercise 1.22.
+![run](https://db.tt/C6OOPuzA)