Merge branch 'develop' into fuse

CHANGELOG.rst

@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ Change Log
 - [FIXED] fixed bug in :code:`cim2pp.build_pp_net` when controller for gen is at TopologicalNode instead of ConnectivityNode
 - [CHANGED] adjust default iterations for runpp_3ph
 - [CHANGED] always convert RATE_A to ppc in build_branch (not only when mode == 'opf' as before)
+- [FIXED] in converter from PowerFactory, collect all buses (even not relevant for the calculation) for connectivity issues
+- [FIXED] fixed bug in coords conversion in cim2pp, small fixes
+- [CHANGED] cim2pp: added support for multi diagram usage for DL profiles
 
 
 [2.13.1] - 2023-05-12

doc/elements.rst

@@ -37,3 +37,4 @@ information about the definition and interpretation of the parameters in the fol
     elements/storage
     elements/svc
     elements/tcsc
+    elements/ssc

doc/elements/ssc.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+.. _ssc:
+
+==============================================
+Static Synchronous Compensator (SSC)
+==============================================
+
+We implement the FACTS devices based on the following source:
+
+    A. Panosyan, "Modeling of advanced power transmission system controllers",
+    Ph.D. dissertation, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover, 2010.
+
+
+The Static Synchronous Compensator (SSC), also known as STATCOM, is a shunt connected Flexible AC Transmission System
+(FACTS) controller. It connects an AC system to a Voltage Source Converter (VSC) through a coupling transformer.
+The SSC is used for reactive shunt compensation. Since the VSC is not connected to a power source, there is no active
+power exchange between the SSC and the AC system. Consequently, the SSC can only control the voltage magnitude of
+the AC system.
+
+
+.. seealso::
+    :ref:`Unit Systems and Conventions <conventions>`
+
+We demonstrate the use-case of this device in the
+pandapower tutorial: `FACTS <https://github.com/e2nIEE/pandapower/blob/develop/tutorials/FACTS.ipynb>`_.
+
+Create Function
+=====================
+
+.. autofunction:: pandapower.create.create_ssc
+
+Input Parameters
+=====================
+
+*net.ssc*
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.25\linewidth}|p{0.4\linewidth}|
+.. csv-table:: 
+   :file: ssc_par.csv
+   :delim: ;
+   :widths: 10, 10, 25, 40
+
+\*necessary for executing a power flow calculation.
+
+
+Electric Model
+=================
+
+
+.. image:: ssc.png
+	:width: 12em
+	:alt: alternate Text
+	:align: center
+
+The SSC is a VSC-based shunt-connected FACTS controller and can thus be modeled as a single-terminal active component.
+The corresponding terminal-admittance equation is given as:
+
+.. math::
+   :nowrap:
+   
+    \begin{align*}
+    \underline{Y}_{T} (\underline{U}_{1} - \underline{U}_{VSC}) = \underline{I}_{1}
+    \end{align*}
+
+Where :math:`\underline{Y}_{T}` = 1/:math:`\underline{Z}_{T}` is the admittance of the lossless-assumed coupling transformer between
+the VSC and the ac system. :math:`\underline{U}_{VSC}` stands for the VSC output Voltage.
+
+
+Result Parameters
+==========================
+*net.res_ssc*
+
+.. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.40\linewidth}|
+.. csv-table:: 
+   :file: ssc_res.csv
+   :delim: ;
+   :widths: 10, 10, 40

doc/elements/ssc_par.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+**Parameter**;**Datatype**;**Value Range**;**Explanation**
+name;string;;name of the SSC
+bus*;integer;;index of bus where the SSC is connected
+r_ohm*;float;:math:`\geq` 0;resistance of the coupling transformer component of SSC
+x_ohm*;float;:math:`\leq` 0;reactance of the coupling transformer component of SSC
+set_vm_pu*;float;;set-point for the bus voltage magnitude at the connection bus
+vm_internal_pu*;float;;The voltage magnitude of the voltage source converter VSC at the SSC component.
+va_internal_degree*;float;;The voltage angle of the voltage source converter VSC at the SSC component.
+controllable*;boolean;True / False;whether the element is considered as actively controlling or as a fixed shunt impedance
+in_service*;boolean;True / False;specifies if the SSC is in service.

doc/elements/ssc_res.csv

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+**Parameter**;**Datatype**;**Explanation**
+q_mvar;float;shunt reactive power consumption of ssc [MVAr]
+vm_internal_pu;float;voltage magnitude at ssc internal bus [pu]
+va_internal_degree;float;voltage angle at ssc internal bus [degree]
+vm_pu;float;voltage magnitude at ssc bus [pu]
+va_degree;float;voltage angle at ssc bus [degree]

doc/elements/svc.rst

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ The thyristor firing angle regulates the total impedance of the element.
 The active range of the device is presented in the figure below:
 
 .. image:: svc_range.png
-    :width: 12em
+    :width: 26em
     :alt: alternate Text
     :align: center
 
@@ -52,14 +52,14 @@ Input Parameters
 *net.svc*
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.25\linewidth}|p{0.4\linewidth}|
-.. csv-table:: 
+.. csv-table::
    :file: svc_par.csv
    :delim: ;
    :widths: 10, 10, 25, 40
 
 \*necessary for executing a power flow calculation.
 
-   
+
 Electric Model
 =================
 
@@ -70,10 +70,10 @@ Electric Model
 	:align: center
 
 The shunt impedance :math:`X_{SVC}` of the SVC element is calculated according to the following equation:
-   
+
 .. math::
    :nowrap:
-   
+
    \begin{align*}
    X_{SVC} &= \frac{\pi X_L}{2 (\pi - \alpha) + \sin{(2\alpha)} + \frac{\pi X_L}{X_{Cvar}}}
    \end{align*}
@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ The reactive power consumption of the SVC element is calculated with:
 
 .. math::
    :nowrap:
-   
+
    \begin{align*}
    Q_{SVC} = \frac{V^2}{X_{SVC}}
    \end{align*}
-   
+
 Where V is the complex voltage observed at the connection bus of the SVC element.
 The reference values for the per unit system as defined in :ref:`Unit Systems and Conventions<conventions>`.
 
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ Result Parameters
 *net.res_svc*
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.40\linewidth}|
-.. csv-table:: 
+.. csv-table::
    :file: svc_res.csv
    :delim: ;
    :widths: 10, 10, 40

doc/elements/tcsc.rst

@@ -98,6 +98,6 @@ Result Parameters
 
 .. tabularcolumns:: |p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.10\linewidth}|p{0.40\linewidth}|
 .. csv-table:: 
-   :file: svc_res.csv
+   :file: tcsc_res.csv
    :delim: ;
    :widths: 10, 10, 40

pandapower/auxiliary.py

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_brch import F_BUS, T_BUS, BR_STATUS
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_bus import BUS_I, BUS_TYPE, NONE, PD, QD, VM, VA, REF, VMIN, VMAX, PV
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_gen import PMIN, PMAX, QMIN, QMAX
+from pandapower.pypower.idx_ssc import SSC_STATUS, SSC_BUS, SSC_INTERNAL_BUS
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_tcsc import TCSC_STATUS, TCSC_F_BUS, TCSC_T_BUS
 
 try:
@@ -666,13 +667,17 @@ def _check_connectivity(ppc):
     notcsc = ppc["tcsc"][tcsc_status, :].shape[0]
     bus_from_tcsc = ppc["tcsc"][tcsc_status, TCSC_F_BUS].real.astype(np.int64)
     bus_to_tcsc = ppc["tcsc"][tcsc_status, TCSC_T_BUS].real.astype(np.int64)
+    ssc_status = ppc["ssc"][:, SSC_STATUS].real.astype(bool)
+    nossc = ppc["ssc"][ssc_status, :].shape[0]
+    bus_from_ssc = ppc["ssc"][ssc_status, SSC_BUS].real.astype(np.int64)
+    bus_to_ssc = ppc["ssc"][ssc_status, SSC_INTERNAL_BUS].real.astype(np.int64)
 
     # we create a "virtual" bus thats connected to all slack nodes and start the connectivity
     # search at this bus
-    bus_from = np.hstack([bus_from, bus_from_tcsc, slacks])
-    bus_to = np.hstack([bus_to, bus_to_tcsc, np.ones(len(slacks)) * nobus])
+    bus_from = np.hstack([bus_from, bus_from_tcsc, bus_from_ssc, slacks])
+    bus_to = np.hstack([bus_to, bus_to_tcsc, bus_to_ssc, np.ones(len(slacks)) * nobus])
 
-    adj_matrix = sp.sparse.coo_matrix((np.ones(nobranch + notcsc + len(slacks)),
+    adj_matrix = sp.sparse.coo_matrix((np.ones(nobranch + notcsc + nossc + len(slacks)),
                                        (bus_from, bus_to)),
                                       shape=(nobus + 1, nobus + 1))
 
@@ -754,7 +759,7 @@ def _select_is_elements_numba(net, isolated_nodes=None, sequence=None):
         set_isolated_buses_oos(bus_in_service, ppc_bus_isolated, net["_pd2ppc_lookups"]["bus"])
     #    mode = net["_options"]["mode"]
     elements = ["load", "motor", "sgen", "asymmetric_load", "asymmetric_sgen", "gen",
-                "ward", "xward", "shunt", "ext_grid", "storage", "svc"]  # ,"impedance_load"
+                "ward", "xward", "shunt", "ext_grid", "storage", "svc", "ssc"]  # ,"impedance_load"
     is_elements = dict()
     for element in elements:
         len_ = len(net[element].index)
@@ -1030,6 +1035,11 @@ def _check_lightsim2grid_compatibility(net, lightsim2grid, voltage_depend_loads,
             return False
         raise NotImplementedError("option 'lightsim2grid' is True and SVC controllable shunt elements are present, "
                                   "SVC controllable shunt elements not implemented.")
+    if len(net.ssc):
+        if lightsim2grid == "auto":
+            return False
+        raise NotImplementedError("option 'lightsim2grid' is True and SSC controllable shunt elements are present, "
+                                  "SVC controllable shunt elements not implemented.")
 
     return True
 
@@ -1342,8 +1352,9 @@ def _init_runpp_options(net, algorithm, calculate_voltage_angles, init,
 
     default_max_iteration = {"nr": 10, "iwamoto_nr": 10, "bfsw": 100, "gs": 10000, "fdxb": 30,
                              "fdbx": 30}
+    with_ssc = len(net.ssc.query("in_service & controllable")) > 0
     with_facts = len(net.svc.query("in_service & controllable")) > 0 or \
-                 len(net.tcsc.query("in_service & controllable")) > 0
+                 len(net.tcsc.query("in_service & controllable")) > 0 or with_ssc
     if max_iteration == "auto":
         # tdpf is an option rather than algorithm; svc need more iterations to converge
         max_iteration = 30 if tdpf or with_facts else default_max_iteration[algorithm]
@@ -1360,9 +1371,10 @@ def _init_runpp_options(net, algorithm, calculate_voltage_angles, init,
         init_vm_pu = None
         init_va_degree = None
 
+    # SSC devices can lead to the grid having isolated buses from the point of view of DC power flow, so choose 'flat'
     if init == "auto":
         if init_va_degree is None or (isinstance(init_va_degree, str) and init_va_degree == "auto"):
-            init_va_degree = "dc" if calculate_voltage_angles else "flat"
+            init_va_degree = "dc" if calculate_voltage_angles and not with_ssc else "flat"
         if init_vm_pu is None or (isinstance(init_vm_pu, str) and init_vm_pu == "auto"):
             init_vm_pu = (net.ext_grid.vm_pu.values.sum() + net.gen.vm_pu.values.sum()) / \
                          (len(net.ext_grid.vm_pu.values) + len(net.gen.vm_pu.values))

pandapower/build_bus.py

@@ -12,8 +12,10 @@
 
 from pandapower.auxiliary import _sum_by_group, phase_to_sequence, version_check
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_bus import BUS_I, BASE_KV, PD, QD, GS, BS, VMAX, VMIN, BUS_TYPE, NONE, \
-    VM, VA, CID, CZD, bus_cols, REF
+    VM, VA, CID, CZD, bus_cols, REF, PV
 from pandapower.pypower.idx_bus_sc import C_MAX, C_MIN, bus_cols_sc
+from .pypower.idx_ssc import ssc_cols, SSC_BUS, SSC_R, SSC_X, SSC_SET_VM_PU, SSC_X_CONTROL_VA, SSC_X_CONTROL_VM, \
+    SSC_STATUS, SSC_CONTROLLABLE, SSC_INTERNAL_BUS
 from .pypower.idx_svc import svc_cols, SVC_BUS, SVC_SET_VM_PU, SVC_MIN_FIRING_ANGLE, SVC_MAX_FIRING_ANGLE, SVC_STATUS, \
     SVC_CONTROLLABLE, SVC_X_L, SVC_X_CVAR, SVC_THYRISTOR_FIRING_ANGLE
 
@@ -261,8 +263,9 @@ def _build_bus_ppc(net, ppc, sequence=None):
     # get bus indices
     nr_xward = len(net.xward)
     nr_trafo3w = len(net.trafo3w)
+    nr_ssc = len(net.ssc)
     aux = dict()
-    if nr_xward > 0 or nr_trafo3w > 0:
+    if nr_xward > 0 or nr_trafo3w > 0 or nr_ssc > 0:
         bus_indices = [net["bus"].index.values, np.array([], dtype=np.int64)]
         max_idx = max(net["bus"].index) + 1
         if nr_xward > 0:
@@ -273,6 +276,10 @@ def _build_bus_ppc(net, ppc, sequence=None):
             aux_trafo3w = np.arange(max_idx + nr_xward, max_idx + nr_xward + nr_trafo3w)
             aux["trafo3w"] = aux_trafo3w
             bus_indices.append(aux_trafo3w)
+        if nr_ssc:
+            aux_ssc = np.arange(max_idx + nr_xward + nr_trafo3w, max_idx + nr_xward + nr_trafo3w + nr_ssc)
+            aux["ssc"] = aux_ssc
+            bus_indices.append(aux_ssc)
         bus_index = np.concatenate(bus_indices)
     else:
         bus_index = net["bus"].index.values
@@ -309,10 +316,11 @@ def _build_bus_ppc(net, ppc, sequence=None):
     # init voltages from net
     ppc["bus"][:n_bus, BASE_KV] = net["bus"]["vn_kv"].values
     # set buses out of service (BUS_TYPE == 4)
-    if nr_xward > 0 or nr_trafo3w > 0:
+    if nr_xward > 0 or nr_trafo3w > 0 or nr_ssc > 0:
         in_service = np.concatenate([net["bus"]["in_service"].values,
                                      net["xward"]["in_service"].values,
-                                     net["trafo3w"]["in_service"].values])
+                                     net["trafo3w"]["in_service"].values,
+                                     net["ssc"]["in_service"].values])
     else:
         in_service = net["bus"]["in_service"].values
     ppc["bus"][~in_service, BUS_TYPE] = NONE
@@ -344,6 +352,10 @@ def _build_bus_ppc(net, ppc, sequence=None):
 
     if len(net.trafo3w):
         _fill_auxiliary_buses(net, ppc, bus_lookup, "trafo3w", "hv_bus", aux)
+
+    if len(net.ssc):
+        _fill_auxiliary_buses(net, ppc, bus_lookup, "ssc", "bus", aux)
+
     net["_pd2ppc_lookups"]["bus"] = bus_lookup
     net["_pd2ppc_lookups"]["aux"] = aux
 
@@ -552,6 +564,42 @@ def _build_svc_ppc(net, ppc, mode):
             "in_service"].values.astype(bool)
 
 
+def _build_ssc_ppc(net, ppc, mode):
+    length = len(net.ssc)
+    ppc["ssc"] = np.zeros(shape=(length, ssc_cols), dtype=np.float64)
+
+    if mode != "pf":
+        return
+
+    if length > 0:
+        baseMVA = ppc["baseMVA"]
+        bus_lookup = net["_pd2ppc_lookups"]["bus"]
+        aux = net["_pd2ppc_lookups"]["aux"]
+        f = 0
+        t = length
+
+        bus = bus_lookup[net.ssc["bus"].values]
+        controllable = net["ssc"]["controllable"].values.astype(bool)
+
+        ssc = ppc["ssc"]
+        baseV = ppc["bus"][bus, BASE_KV]
+        baseZ = baseV ** 2 / baseMVA
+
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_BUS] = bus
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_INTERNAL_BUS] = bus_lookup[aux["ssc"]]
+
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_R] = net["ssc"]["r_ohm"].values / baseZ
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_X] = net["ssc"]["x_ohm"].values / baseZ
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_SET_VM_PU] = net["ssc"]["set_vm_pu"].values
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_X_CONTROL_VA] = np.deg2rad(net["ssc"]["va_internal_degree"].values)
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_X_CONTROL_VM] = net["ssc"]["vm_internal_pu"].values
+
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_STATUS] = net["ssc"]["in_service"].values
+        ssc[f:t, SSC_CONTROLLABLE] = controllable & net["ssc"]["in_service"].values.astype(bool)
+        ppc["bus"][aux["ssc"][~controllable], BUS_TYPE] = PV
+        ppc["bus"][aux["ssc"][~controllable], VM] = net["ssc"].loc[~controllable, "vm_internal_pu"].values
+
+
 # Short circuit relevant routines
 def _add_ext_grid_sc_impedance(net, ppc):
     mode = net._options["mode"]