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* 添加关于去腥手段的解释说明 * 添加蘸料去腥的方法 * 修复了一个markdown-lint提示的错误(wtf?)
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# 去腥 | ||
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去腥是做菜过程中的一道工序。 | ||
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去腥指通过包括但不限于添加调料、焯水等手段去除肉类、水产等食物中腥膻味。 | ||
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**腥膻味是某些食物的风味来源,过度去腥可能导致食物丧失风味。** | ||
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去腥的手段多种多样,在烹饪工程中要灵活选择。 | ||
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## 手段 | ||
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### 添加调料 | ||
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在食材中添加调料是最简单的去腥手段。比如对于大部分使用鸡蛋液的菜肴([鸡蛋羹](/dishes/vegetable_dish/鸡蛋羹/鸡蛋羹.md),[西红柿炒鸡蛋](/dishes/vegetable_dish/西红柿炒鸡蛋.md)),可以在制作蛋液的过程中加入盐、料酒、食醋等调料来去腥。 | ||
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烹饪某些肉类时,可以在汤底中加入花椒、八角、香叶、桂皮、小茴香、辣椒等香料来去腥。 | ||
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成品麻辣火锅底料具有极其浓郁的香味,可以在烹饪时适量添加,足以覆盖绝大多数肉类的腥味。 | ||
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### 蘸料 | ||
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某些食物在烹饪之后仍然腥味严重。可以调配蘸料来在食用时掩盖腥味。 | ||
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常见的蘸料原料有:食醋、酱油、香油、豆瓣酱、甜面酱、芝麻将、花生酱、豆腐乳、食盐、大蒜、生姜等。 | ||
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各种蘸料搭配见仁见智,这里不做举例。 | ||
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### 炝锅 | ||
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炒菜过程中,可以在过程中使用葱、姜、蒜、干辣椒等香料炝锅。香料中的香味物质在高温的作用下挥发出来,一定程度上能覆盖腥味并且增加成菜的风味。 | ||
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### 冷水锅焯水 | ||
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某些动物性原料中残留有血液,如:鸡肉、猪蹄、排骨等。残留的血液如果不去除会导致成菜有一定的腥味。 | ||
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冷水下锅时,残留的血液会分散到水中;随着温度升高,血液中的蛋白质凝固,原本分散在水中的血液形成浮沫飘在水面上。这时只需用勺撇去浮沫即可完成去腥,剩下的清汤可以用作炖煮菜的汤底继续烹饪。 | ||
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### 注意事项 | ||
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- 焯水时往往在锅中加入一些调料如:花椒、八角、料酒、大葱等,进一步强化去腥的力度 | ||
- 八角香味浓郁,应适量添加 | ||
- 花椒和麻椒体积小而添加量大,添加后可能会残留在锅中甚至残留至成菜,可以使用纱布包裹一个调料包或者使用食品级不锈钢调料盒,方便在成菜前挑出 |