pstore: Don't use semaphores in always-atomic-context code

pstore_dump() is *always* invoked in atomic context (nowadays in an RCU
read-side critical section, before that under a spinlock).
It doesn't make sense to try to use semaphores here.

This is mostly a revert of commit ea84b58 ("pstore: Convert buf_lock
to semaphore"), except that two parts aren't restored back exactly as they
were:

 - keep the lock initialization in pstore_register
 - in efi_pstore_write(), always set the "block" flag to false
 - omit "is_locked", that was unnecessary since
   commit 959217c ("pstore: Actually give up during locking failure")
 - fix the bailout message

The actual problem that the buggy commit was trying to address may have
been that the use of preemptible() in efi_pstore_write() was wrong - it
only looks at preempt_count() and the state of IRQs, but __rcu_read_lock()
doesn't touch either of those under CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU.
(Sidenote: CONFIG_PREEMPT_RCU means that the scheduler can preempt tasks in
RCU read-side critical sections, but you're not allowed to actively
block/reschedule.)

Lockdep probably never caught the problem because it's very rare that you
actually hit the contended case, so lockdep always just sees the
down_trylock(), not the down_interruptible(), and so it can't tell that
there's a problem.

Fixes: ea84b58 ("pstore: Convert buf_lock to semaphore")
Cc: [email protected]
Acked-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Jann Horn <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <[email protected]>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]

drivers/firmware/efi/efi-pstore.c

@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ static int efi_pstore_write(struct pstore_record *record)
 		efi_name[i] = name[i];
 
 	ret = efivar_entry_set_safe(efi_name, vendor, PSTORE_EFI_ATTRIBUTES,
-			      preemptible(), record->size, record->psi->buf);
+			      false, record->size, record->psi->buf);
 
 	if (record->reason == KMSG_DUMP_OOPS && try_module_get(THIS_MODULE))
 		if (!schedule_work(&efivar_work))

fs/pstore/platform.c

@@ -143,21 +143,22 @@ static void pstore_timer_kick(void)
 	mod_timer(&pstore_timer, jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(pstore_update_ms));
 }
 
-/*
- * Should pstore_dump() wait for a concurrent pstore_dump()? If
- * not, the current pstore_dump() will report a failure to dump
- * and return.
- */
-static bool pstore_cannot_wait(enum kmsg_dump_reason reason)
+static bool pstore_cannot_block_path(enum kmsg_dump_reason reason)
 {
-	/* In NMI path, pstore shouldn't block regardless of reason. */
+	/*
+	 * In case of NMI path, pstore shouldn't be blocked
+	 * regardless of reason.
+	 */
 	if (in_nmi())
 		return true;
 
 	switch (reason) {
 	/* In panic case, other cpus are stopped by smp_send_stop(). */
 	case KMSG_DUMP_PANIC:
-	/* Emergency restart shouldn't be blocked. */
+	/*
+	 * Emergency restart shouldn't be blocked by spinning on
+	 * pstore_info::buf_lock.
+	 */
 	case KMSG_DUMP_EMERG:
 		return true;
 	default:
@@ -389,21 +390,19 @@ static void pstore_dump(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper,
 	unsigned long	total = 0;
 	const char	*why;
 	unsigned int	part = 1;
+	unsigned long	flags = 0;
 	int		ret;
 
 	why = kmsg_dump_reason_str(reason);
 
-	if (down_trylock(&psinfo->buf_lock)) {
-		/* Failed to acquire lock: give up if we cannot wait. */
-		if (pstore_cannot_wait(reason)) {
-			pr_err("dump skipped in %s path: may corrupt error record\n",
-				in_nmi() ? "NMI" : why);
-			return;
-		}
-		if (down_interruptible(&psinfo->buf_lock)) {
-			pr_err("could not grab semaphore?!\n");
+	if (pstore_cannot_block_path(reason)) {
+		if (!spin_trylock_irqsave(&psinfo->buf_lock, flags)) {
+			pr_err("dump skipped in %s path because of concurrent dump\n",
+					in_nmi() ? "NMI" : why);
 			return;
 		}
+	} else {
+		spin_lock_irqsave(&psinfo->buf_lock, flags);
 	}
 
 	kmsg_dump_rewind(&iter);
@@ -467,8 +466,7 @@ static void pstore_dump(struct kmsg_dumper *dumper,
 		total += record.size;
 		part++;
 	}
-
-	up(&psinfo->buf_lock);
+	spin_unlock_irqrestore(&psinfo->buf_lock, flags);
 }
 
 static struct kmsg_dumper pstore_dumper = {
@@ -594,7 +592,7 @@ int pstore_register(struct pstore_info *psi)
 		psi->write_user = pstore_write_user_compat;
 	psinfo = psi;
 	mutex_init(&psinfo->read_mutex);
-	sema_init(&psinfo->buf_lock, 1);
+	spin_lock_init(&psinfo->buf_lock);
 
 	if (psi->flags & PSTORE_FLAGS_DMESG)
 		allocate_buf_for_compression();

include/linux/pstore.h

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include <linux/errno.h>
 #include <linux/kmsg_dump.h>
 #include <linux/mutex.h>
-#include <linux/semaphore.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
 #include <linux/time.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
 
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ struct pstore_record {
  * @owner:	module which is responsible for this backend driver
  * @name:	name of the backend driver
  *
- * @buf_lock:	semaphore to serialize access to @buf
+ * @buf_lock:	spinlock to serialize access to @buf
  * @buf:	preallocated crash dump buffer
  * @bufsize:	size of @buf available for crash dump bytes (must match
  *		smallest number of bytes available for writing to a
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ struct pstore_info {
 	struct module	*owner;
 	const char	*name;
 
-	struct semaphore buf_lock;
+	spinlock_t	buf_lock;
 	char		*buf;
 	size_t		bufsize;