fs: add id translation helpers

Add simple helpers to make it easy to map kuids into and from idmapped
mounts. We provide simple wrappers that filesystems can use to e.g.
initialize inodes similar to i_{uid,gid}_read() and i_{uid,gid}_write().
Accessing an inode through an idmapped mount maps the i_uid and i_gid of
the inode to the mount's user namespace. If the fsids are used to
initialize inodes they are unmapped according to the mount's user
namespace. Passing the initial user namespace to these helpers makes
them a nop and so any non-idmapped paths will not be impacted.

Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/[email protected]
Cc: David Howells <[email protected]>
Cc: Al Viro <[email protected]>
Cc: [email protected]
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <[email protected]>

include/linux/fs.h

@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #include <linux/build_bug.h>
 #include <linux/stddef.h>
 #include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/cred.h>
 
 #include <asm/byteorder.h>
 #include <uapi/linux/fs.h>
@@ -1573,6 +1574,52 @@ static inline void i_gid_write(struct inode *inode, gid_t gid)
 	inode->i_gid = make_kgid(inode->i_sb->s_user_ns, gid);
 }
 
+static inline kuid_t kuid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				   kuid_t kuid)
+{
+	return make_kuid(mnt_userns, __kuid_val(kuid));
+}
+
+static inline kgid_t kgid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				   kgid_t kgid)
+{
+	return make_kgid(mnt_userns, __kgid_val(kgid));
+}
+
+static inline kuid_t i_uid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				    const struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return kuid_into_mnt(mnt_userns, inode->i_uid);
+}
+
+static inline kgid_t i_gid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				    const struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return kgid_into_mnt(mnt_userns, inode->i_gid);
+}
+
+static inline kuid_t kuid_from_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				   kuid_t kuid)
+{
+	return KUIDT_INIT(from_kuid(mnt_userns, kuid));
+}
+
+static inline kgid_t kgid_from_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns,
+				   kgid_t kgid)
+{
+	return KGIDT_INIT(from_kgid(mnt_userns, kgid));
+}
+
+static inline kuid_t fsuid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns)
+{
+	return kuid_from_mnt(mnt_userns, current_fsuid());
+}
+
+static inline kgid_t fsgid_into_mnt(struct user_namespace *mnt_userns)
+{
+	return kgid_from_mnt(mnt_userns, current_fsgid());
+}
+
 extern struct timespec64 current_time(struct inode *inode);
 
 /*