We'll go through the following steps.
- Preparing an environment
- Get the soruce code
- Check dependencies
- Create a directory to build
- Set configurations
- Build
In this page, I'll build glib-2.31 on Ubuntu 20.04 in Docker.
Create a docker container and working directory named workdir.
$ docker run -it ubuntu:20.04 /bin/bash
# apt-get update
# apt-get upgrade
# apt-get install -y wget git
# cd ~
# mkdir workdir
# cd workdir
# pwd
/root/workdir
There are two options to get it, I think.
- Using
git - Download compressed file(like
.tar.gz)
# git clone https://sourceware.org/git/glibc.git
# git --work-tree=/root/workdir/glibc --git-dir=/root/workdir/glibc/.git checkout glibc-2.31
or
# git clone https://sourceware.org/git/glibc.git
# git --work-tree=/root/workdir/glibc --git-dir=/root/workdir/glibc/.git checkout release/2.31/master
# wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/glibc-2.31.tar.gz
# tar -xvf glibc-2.31.tar.gz
# mv glibc-2.31 glibc
The mirror list is also available.
There is the INSTALL file and says below. We need to install some of them with apt-get and pip.
Recommended Tools for Compilation
=================================
We recommend installing the following GNU tools before attempting to
build the GNU C Library:
* GNU 'make' 4.0 or newer
As of relase time, GNU 'make' 4.2.1 is the newest verified to work
to build the GNU C Library.
* GCC 6.2 or newer
GCC 6.2 or higher is required. In general it is recommended to use
the newest version of the compiler that is known to work for
building the GNU C Library, as newer compilers usually produce
better code. As of release time, GCC 9.2.1 is the newest compiler
verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
For multi-arch support it is recommended to use a GCC which has
been built with support for GNU indirect functions. This ensures
that correct debugging information is generated for functions
selected by IFUNC resolvers. This support can either be enabled by
configuring GCC with '--enable-gnu-indirect-function', or by
enabling it by default by setting 'default_gnu_indirect_function'
variable for a particular architecture in the GCC source file
'gcc/config.gcc'.
You can use whatever compiler you like to compile programs that use
the GNU C Library.
Check the FAQ for any special compiler issues on particular
platforms.
* GNU 'binutils' 2.25 or later
You must use GNU 'binutils' (as and ld) to build the GNU C Library.
No other assembler or linker has the necessary functionality at the
moment. As of release time, GNU 'binutils' 2.32 is the newest
verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
* GNU 'texinfo' 4.7 or later
To correctly translate and install the Texinfo documentation you
need this version of the 'texinfo' package. Earlier versions do
not understand all the tags used in the document, and the
installation mechanism for the info files is not present or works
differently. As of release time, 'texinfo' 6.6 is the newest
verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
* GNU 'awk' 3.1.2, or higher
'awk' is used in several places to generate files. Some 'gawk'
extensions are used, including the 'asorti' function, which was
introduced in version 3.1.2 of 'gawk'. As of release time, 'gawk'
version 5.0.1 is the newest verified to work to build the GNU C
Library.
* GNU 'bison' 2.7 or later
'bison' is used to generate the 'yacc' parser code in the 'intl'
subdirectory. As of release time, 'bison' version 3.4.1 is the
newest verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
* Perl 5
Perl is not required, but if present it is used in some tests and
the 'mtrace' program, to build the GNU C Library manual. As of
release time 'perl' version 5.30.1 is the newest verified to work
to build the GNU C Library.
* GNU 'sed' 3.02 or newer
'Sed' is used in several places to generate files. Most scripts
work with any version of 'sed'. As of release time, 'sed' version
4.5 is the newest verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
* Python 3.4 or later
Python is required to build the GNU C Library. As of release time,
Python 3.7.4 is the newest verified to work for building and
testing the GNU C Library.
* PExpect 4.0
The pretty printer tests drive GDB through test programs and
compare its output to the printers'. PExpect is used to capture
the output of GDB, and should be compatible with the Python version
in your system. As of release time PExpect 4.3 is the newest
verified to work to test the pretty printers.
* GDB 7.8 or later with support for Python 2.7/3.4 or later
GDB itself needs to be configured with Python support in order to
use the pretty printers. Notice that your system having Python
available doesn't imply that GDB supports it, nor that your
system's Python and GDB's have the same version. As of release
time GNU 'debugger' 8.3 is the newest verified to work to test the
pretty printers.
Unless Python, PExpect and GDB with Python support are present, the
printer tests will report themselves as 'UNSUPPORTED'. Notice that
some of the printer tests require the GNU C Library to be compiled
with debugging symbols.
If you change any of the 'configure.ac' files you will also need
* GNU 'autoconf' 2.69 (exactly)
and if you change any of the message translation files you will need
* GNU 'gettext' 0.10.36 or later
As of release time, GNU 'gettext' version 0.19.8.1 is the newest
version verified to work to build the GNU C Library.
You may also need these packages if you upgrade your source tree using
patches, although we try to avoid this.
# apt-get install -y gcc make gdb
# apt-get install -y texinfo gawk bison sed
# apt-get install -y python3-dev python3-pip python-is-python3
# pip install pexpect
Almost of the descriptions below are written in /root/workdir/glibc/INSTALL. To build glibc, we have to create another directory in workdir.
# mkdir build
# cd build
# pwd
/root/workdir/build
We set the configuration executing /root/workdir/glibc/configure from build.
# ../glibc/configure \
--prefix=/root/workdir/install \
--host=x86_64-linux-gnu \
--build=x86_64-linux-gnu \
CC="gcc -m64" \
CXX="g++ -m64" \
CFLAGS="-O2" \
CXXFLAGS="-O2"
Actually, some options may be verbose. Or if you want to build with 32 bit, type below.
# apt-get install -y gcc-multilib g++-multilib
# ../glibc/configure \
--prefix=/root/workdir/install \
--host=i686-linux \
--build=i686-linux \
CC="gcc -m32" \
CXX="g++ -m32" \
CFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686" \
CXXFLAGS="-O2 -march=i686"
Notice: -march=i386 is unsupported and fails.
The binary files are installed the directory in which we specified as --prefix. We can see the details of options using /root/workdir/glibc/configure --help and less /root/workdir/glibc/INSTALL. Also, gcc --target-help is helpful to specify the CPU architecture.
After outputting logs, we got some files.
# ls -la
total 104
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:23 .
drwxr-xr-x 1 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:19 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:23 bits
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8089 Nov 21 09:23 config.h
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 35099 Nov 21 09:23 config.log
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4295 Nov 21 09:23 config.make
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 33393 Nov 21 09:23 config.status
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 581 Nov 21 09:23 Makefile
Now, let's build the source.
# make
We can also execute test with make check but it's optional. After that, we can execute install.
# make install
(When I executed make check, some tests always failed. And honestly, I can't understand why. Most of them were related with nptl.)
Now, we got binary files.
# cd /root/workdir/install
# ls -la
total 40
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 etc
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 include
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 lib
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 libexec
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 share
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 var
# ls -la ./lib
total 14440
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Nov 21 09:48 audit
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2168 Nov 21 09:48 crt1.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1360 Nov 21 09:48 crti.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1104 Nov 21 09:48 crtn.o
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 12288 Nov 21 09:48 gconv
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2872 Nov 21 09:48 gcrt1.o
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 203208 Nov 21 09:48 ld-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 21 09:48 ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 -> ld-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23880 Nov 21 09:48 libanl-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 23780 Nov 21 09:48 libanl.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 11 Nov 21 09:48 libanl.so -> libanl.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Nov 21 09:48 libanl.so.1 -> libanl-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16456 Nov 21 09:48 libBrokenLocale-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1878 Nov 21 09:48 libBrokenLocale.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Nov 21 09:48 libBrokenLocale.so -> libBrokenLocale.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 23 Nov 21 09:48 libBrokenLocale.so.1 -> libBrokenLocale-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2133816 Nov 21 09:48 libc-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 5401664 Nov 21 09:48 libc.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 26690 Nov 21 09:48 libc_nonshared.a
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 45440 Nov 21 09:48 libcrypt-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 56924 Nov 21 09:48 libcrypt.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Nov 21 09:48 libcrypt.so -> libcrypt.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 16 Nov 21 09:48 libcrypt.so.1 -> libcrypt-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 369 Nov 21 09:48 libc.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Nov 21 09:48 libc.so.6 -> libc-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 19328 Nov 21 09:48 libdl-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16754 Nov 21 09:48 libdl.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 21 09:48 libdl.so -> libdl.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Nov 21 09:48 libdl.so.2 -> libdl-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1498 Nov 21 09:48 libg.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3180092 Nov 21 09:48 libm-2.31.a
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1458920 Nov 21 09:48 libm-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 174 Nov 21 09:48 libm.a
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1864 Nov 21 09:48 libmcheck.a
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 23096 Nov 21 09:48 libmemusage.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 190 Nov 21 09:48 libm.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Nov 21 09:48 libm.so.6 -> libm-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 188432 Nov 21 09:48 libmvec-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 364606 Nov 21 09:48 libmvec.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Nov 21 09:48 libmvec.so -> libmvec.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 21 09:48 libmvec.so.1 -> libmvec-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 126352 Nov 21 09:48 libnsl-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Nov 21 09:48 libnsl.so.1 -> libnsl-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 46720 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_compat-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_compat.so -> libnss_compat.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_compat.so.2 -> libnss_compat-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 41944 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_db-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_db.so -> libnss_db.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_db.so.2 -> libnss_db-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30984 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_dns-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_dns.so -> libnss_dns.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_dns.so.2 -> libnss_dns-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 61480 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_files-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_files.so -> libnss_files.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 20 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_files.so.2 -> libnss_files-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 31712 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_hesiod-2.31.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_hesiod.so -> libnss_hesiod.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 21 Nov 21 09:48 libnss_hesiod.so.2 -> libnss_hesiod-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 16792 Nov 21 09:48 libpcprofile.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 159096 Nov 21 09:48 libpthread-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 472604 Nov 21 09:48 libpthread.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 21 09:48 libpthread.so -> libpthread.so.0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 18 Nov 21 09:48 libpthread.so.0 -> libpthread-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 102352 Nov 21 09:48 libresolv-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 128090 Nov 21 09:48 libresolv.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 14 Nov 21 09:48 libresolv.so -> libresolv.so.2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Nov 21 09:48 libresolv.so.2 -> libresolv-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 51288 Nov 21 09:48 librt-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 85906 Nov 21 09:48 librt.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 10 Nov 21 09:48 librt.so -> librt.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 13 Nov 21 09:48 librt.so.1 -> librt-2.31.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 25816 Nov 21 09:48 libSegFault.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 46520 Nov 21 09:48 libthread_db-1.0.so
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 17 Nov 21 09:48 libthread_db.so -> libthread_db.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 19 Nov 21 09:48 libthread_db.so.1 -> libthread_db-1.0.so
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 18480 Nov 21 09:48 libutil-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15624 Nov 21 09:48 libutil.a
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Nov 21 09:48 libutil.so -> libutil.so.1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 15 Nov 21 09:48 libutil.so.1 -> libutil-2.31.so
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1072 Nov 21 09:48 Mcrt1.o
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2088 Nov 21 09:48 Scrt1.o